Iron deficiency in infancy negatively impacts a variety of neurodevelopmental processes at the time nutrient insufficiency, with persistent central nervous system alterations and deficits behavioral functioning, despite iron therapy. In rodent models, early impairs hippocampus dopamine system. We examined possibility that young adults who had experienced chronic, severe, as infants would exhibit on neurocognitive tests documented frontostriatal (Trail Making Test, Intra-/Extra-dimensional...

Whereas previous research has indicated that sleep problems tend to co-occur with increased mental health issues in university students, relatively little is known about relations between quality and students generally healthy habits. Understanding individuals habits important because (a) student worsen over time (b) even time-limited experience of may have significant implications for the onset problems. In present research, 69 completed questionnaires health. Although participants did not...

Long-term memory undergoes pronounced development in the latter part of 1st year. This research combines electrophysiological (event-related potential [ERP]) and behavioral (deferred imitation) measures encoding recall, respectively, an examination age-related changes relations between recall during this time. In a short-term longitudinal study, infants were exposed to different multistep sequences at 9 10 months. both phases, they tested for immediate recognition events via ERPs (as index...

Objective. Family stories are the fabric of identity, as they anchor individuals in their familial, cultural, and societal context. However, relatively little research has examined function family relation to sociocultural group or cultural values. Design. In present study, we how emerging adult women (n = 41) engaged retrospective storytelling a favorite memory based on (Asian American, Latina European American) familism (high low). Results. Drawing upon narrative identity sense-making...

Mother-child conversations about a devastating tornado and 2 nontraumatic events were examined to determine whether there (a) differences in use of internal states language when talking traumatic (b) similarities mothers' children's language. At Session 1, which took place 4 months after the tornado, with conversational length controlled, was no evidence differential as function event for mothers or children. 2, 6 later (10 tornado), older narratives more saturated language, relative their...

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, undergraduate students experienced sleep problems and mental health issues that were negatively associated with academic achievement. Studies comparing pre- to mid-pandemic have yielded mixed results, necessitating additional research on other cohorts examination of potential moderators. The present study was conducted examine whether American tested poorer sleep, health, achievement relative pre-pandemic, as well poor during pandemic preferentially in women....

Abstract Although 9‐month‐old infants are capable of retaining temporally ordered information over long delays, this ability is relatively fragile. It may be possible to facilitate long‐term retention by allowing imitate event sequences immediately after their presentation. The effects imitation on immediate and delayed recognition recall were investigated using event‐related potentials (ERPs) elicited imitation, respectively. Mnemonic facilitation resulting from the opportunity was apparent...

Detection of novelty is an important cognitive ability early in development, when infants must learn a great deal about their world. Work with adults has identified networks brain areas involved detection; this study investigated electrophysiological correlates detection and recognition familiarity 9‐month‐old infants, using event‐related potentials (ERPs). Infants were familiarized event the laboratory, then ERPs recorded as they viewed repeated presentations pictures familiar novel event,...

Research indicates a positive relation between the sibling constellation and theory of mind ( ToM ) development in typically developing TD children. Less is known about this association children with autism spectrum disorder ASD ). The current study examined among presence number siblings, birth order, false belief FB understanding comparison group. Two tasks (change contents change location) P eabody icture V ocabulary T est were administered to 57 28 during home visit. One parent each...

Abstract Background Although group differences have been found between children with Down syndrome (DS) and typically developing (TD) when considering sleep problems temperament independently, none of the research conducted to date has examined sleep‐temperament associations in DS. The present was determine (1) whether experienced by DS are associated or (2) if demonstrated relations differ from those that observed TD children. Method study included examination parent‐reported 19 20 controls...

Abstract Despite increasing interest in the early development of executive control, few assessment tools are available for use second year life. At 15 and 20 months, children completed a task battery that included reaching sequence imitation tasks expected to require control. With age, showed reduced perseveration increased ability resist interference across trials from distractors. each A-not-B with invisible displacement was correlated one modified increase control demands. Correlations...

Abstract Background Whereas research has indicated that children with Down syndrome (DS) imitate demonstrated actions over short delays, it is presently unknown whether DS recall information lengthy delays at levels comparable typically developing (TD) matched on developmental age. Method In the present research, 10 and TD participated in a two‐session study to examine basic processes associated hippocampus‐dependent memory. At first session, researcher how complete three‐step action...

Abstract Previous research has examined parents' reflections on their child's Down syndrome diagnosis based whether the was provided prenatally or after birth, revealing few significant differences; by comparison, studies have birth of child in relation to timing diagnosis. This study conducted examine mothers differentially reported and rated diagnosis, most recent birthday with DS when provided. Forty‐four American children discussed child, they learned a researcher. Participants also...

Sleep-temperament associations have not yet been examined among university students, despite awareness of the high incidence sleep problems in this population. The present study was conducted (a) to examine whether quality associated with temperament university-attending young adults and (b) determine particular components were differentially temperament. University students completed questionnaires designed assess Poor increased negative affect orienting sensitivity as well decreased...

The emergence of consolidated nighttime sleep and the formation maintenance parent-infant relationships are 2 primary developmental achievements infancy period. Despite development a transactional model that links parenting behaviors to infant sleep, limited attention has been devoted examining experimental manipulations may impact discrete interactions form foundation for emerging attachment relationships. In present study, infants were randomly assigned wear high-absorbency disposable...

University students commonly experience sleep problems which have implications for daily functioning and academic achievement. For this reason, research is needed to identify modifiable individual difference variables that may contribute better in population. Temperament hygiene be two such factors. As part of a larger study, 167 university (61.7% female) completed online questionnaires inquired about temperament (the Adult Questionnaire; ATQ), behavior Sleep Hygiene Index; SHI), global...

In Experiment 1, participants rated the believability of 9 unbelievable and believable headlines as determined via preratings. After 1 day, made ratings recognition judgments for 18 (9 targets foils) true foils). 2 conceptually replicated procedure using SuperLab Pro to display headline stimuli while recording participants' decision times make judgments. Unbelievable became more over time in both experiments, took longer than headlines. 3, saw mildly 2, or 4 min simultaneously sequentially...