Rising CO2 emission constitute a great threat to the world environment and public health. This study examines major determinants of emissions in Far East countries period 1980 2017. We adopt panel data-fixed effect model that accounts for time-invariant country-specific characteristics may create omitted-variable bias. also additionally take care time trend by applying an annual fixed into our model. The finds urbanization, economic growth trade openness significantly determine selected...

This paper assesses the vulnerability of Asiatic black bear to poaching in a key ecological zone Northern Pakistan. Evidence about hunting and cubs were collected from Siran Kaghan valleys district Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province through three different methods including participants' observations, interviews informants structured questionnaire. We find local community members both be active observers study area. The with locals area revealed striking facts ongoing trafficking by...

Background: Flat feet, medically referred to as pes planus, are a common structural deformity characterized by the collapse or underdevelopment of medial longitudinal arch, resulting in navicular bone coming into contact with ground. This condition is generally asymptomatic during early life but may become symptomatic later, leading foot pain and functional limitations. In some cases, it can cause significant disability altering gait mechanics postural stability. Objective: To compare static...

This paper adopts the Ansel & Gash (2008) model of collaborative governance to frame structure community-based trophy hunting (CBTH) programs as a form that involves multiple stakeholders in management common pool resources. We conduct meta-synthesis 80 published studies on conservation (CBC) and CBTH develop contingency propositions may help practitioners governments understand implement seek environmental collaboration with local communities. Regarding initial conditions engender...

Air pollution in Asian countries represents one of the biggest health threats given varied levels economic and population growth recent past. The quantification air (PM2.5) vis à problems has important policy implications tackling its effects. This paper investigates relationship between child mortality sixteen using panel data from 2000 to 2017. We adopt a two-stage least squares approach that exploits variations PM2.5 attributable estimating effect on mortality. find one-unit annual...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review different microfinance products and services that can be offered reduce the financial vulnerabilities communities at risk. Following a detail literature review, effectiveness forms in creating resilience affected was analysed whether they applied mitigate risk future disasters assessed. In addition, study conducted assess microcredit help direct exposure poor through income smoothing. Design/methodology/approach This based on existing theories....

We examine the conservation effects attributable to changes in size of community-governed protected areas (PAs) by adopting a generalized difference-in-difference (DID) design with two-way fixed effect regression model and synthetic control methods. Panel data from extraordinary datasets World Database on Protected Areas (WDPAs) Red List International Union for Conservation Nature (IUCN) are used 32 Sub-Saharan African countries this study. Our DID estimates show that PAs have reduced IUCN...

Background: Organizational justice (OJ), organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and psychological capital (PsyCap) are all important constructs that have been shown to a positive impact on employee well-being, performance, effectiveness. Aim: The present study investigated the relationship between these three among healthcare academicians in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was used collect data from 400 academicians. were analyzed using...

The purpose of this study is to find potential effect organizational justice (OJ)perceptions on the development psychological capital (PsyCap) attributes,among school teachers. A stratified sample 400 teachers (male and female) ofprimary, secondary, higher secondary schools was extracted from districtof Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. To measure OJ perception PsyCap, astructured questionnaire adapted using two scales (OJ-18, CPC-12),respectively. Results implied that teachers' perceptions...

The lessons that management has learned from the Covid-19 calamity are still being revealed. COVID-19 pandemic's impact on business resilience is unfolding. This study explores how Karachi-based companies adapted using a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews with representatives eleven diverse organizations revealed both internal and external transformations, encompassing strategic operational changes. These adaptations demonstrate businesses can build three-dimensional...

Background: Osteoporosis is a pathological condition characterized by lower bone density and an increased likelihood of fractures, as the normal architecture gradually deteriorated. It chronic disease that progresses silently often detected late, with signs symptoms typically becoming evident only after fracture has occurred. Objective: The objective this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, practices related osteoporosis among Doctor Physical Therapy students at Sarhad University...

Complexity in administration and limited accessibility to land records have been long- standing issues developing countries. In Pakistan, except for the province of Punjab where land-record has computerized 2017, record is largely administered through traditional registers cadastral maps paper formats requiring a laborious work administrators called "Patwaris" at grass-root level. As an important step towards e- governance, provincial government established Land Record Management Information...

Background: Smoking is a well-known risk factor for various health conditions, particularly affecting cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. Despite extensive research, the impact of smoking on physical performance during intense activity remains inadequately explored. This study aims to bridge this knowledge gap by examining effects responses. Objective: The primary goal was assess activity, specifically focusing differences in heart rate (HR) responses endurance between smokers non-smokers....

This article comprises of questionnaire / interview survey 212 students to study the association between socio economic status and their standard living. The social classes are divided into three main groups Upper, Middle Working on basis education, occupation, income, place residence. On self assessment majority put themselves in middle socioeconomic class. Test was carried out for gender respondents satisfaction with living, mental stress status, causes stress, sufficient education...

This paper examines the dynamic relationship among stock markets returns using daily data from April 2003, to December, 2011 for five equity market indices of developing and developed countries. We apply Johnson’s Co-Integration Unit-Root Tests identify correlation co-integration these during global financial crisis 2008. The analysis reveals a between countries (i.e Pakistan & India) (Europe). However is weak which imply less intense spillover effect on

This paper evaluates the impact of an innovative monitoring system on teacher attendance and school performance in Pakistan. In 2014, government Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province introduced Independent Monitoring Project aiming at increasing primary secondary public schools by distributing to government-hired monitors smart phones with a special data collection software installed. Our analysis is based difference-in-differences approach using country wide Annual Status Education Report from 2012...