Abstract Sulfation roasting followed by water leaching has been proposed as an alternative route for recycling valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In the present work, reaction mechanism of sulfation synthetic LiCoO 2 was investigated both thermodynamic calculations and experiments under flowing 10% SO -1% O -89% Ar gas atmosphere at 700°C. The products microstructural evolution processes were characterized x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope energy...

Since the current volumes of collected end-of-life lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are low, one option to increase feasibility their recycling is feed them existing metals production processes. This work presents a novel approach integrate froth flotation as mechanical treatment optimize recovery valuable from LIB scrap and minimize loss in nickel slag cleaning process. Additionally, conventional reducing agent cleaning, namely coke, replaced with graphite contained waste products. Using proper...

The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidation kinetics copper at low temperatures (60 °C 100 °C) in air by isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). weight change tests showed periodic increase decrease. In mass sample increased until gradually slowed down finally started decrease due cracking spalling oxide formed on surface. QCM using electrodeposited film, rapid beginning but a linear relationship after few minutes. Temperature exposure...

This current study addresses the role of copper and aluminum - typical major components collector scrap from battery manufacturing plants in leaching pre-treated LiCoO2-rich waste concentrate at industrially relevant process conditions (T = 60 °C, [H2SO4] 2 M, S/L 200 g/L). An empirical model has been constructed which demonstrates that effects both are significant. Both elements have independent linear impacts on cobalt extraction acid consumption. The predicts either 11 g (0.75 Cu/Co,...

Abstract With the purpose of recovering metal values, in this study copper slag was reduced by coke and biochar at 1250 °C an argon gas atmosphere using isothermal reduction/drop quenching technique. The phase compositions metal, matte, were determined electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). effects reduction time amount reductant investigated. distribution elements between metal/matte ascertained based on elemental concentrations EPMA. It found that concentration can be effectively decreased...

Abstract With the aim of investigating deportments precious metals in pyrometallurgical processing waste electrical and electronic equipment, distributions selected (gold, silver, platinum, palladium) between copper matte three different silica-saturated slags (pure FeO x -SiO 2 , -Al O 3 -CaO slag) were investigated at 1300 °C controlled flowing CO-CO -SO -Ar gas atmosphere by a high-temperature isothermal equilibration technique. The phase compositions analyzed Electron Probe X-ray...

Abstract Flash smelting and flash converting are mature technologies in copper nickel sulfide smelting. The sensitivity of operation concerning the furnace design is evident. It obvious that when two unit operations carried out separate spaces same furnace, skills related to maintenance suspension oxidation fine minerals, fluxing, fluid as well heat flows overall energy balance required. Despite these fundamental features, flow-sheet wide understanding linking sulfides with subsequent...

The extraction of cobalt from secondary resources has become crucial, as been identified a strategically important and critical raw material due to the high risks supply chain disruptions. In this work, selective sulfation roasting was investigated potential recycling strategy extract lithium an industrial oxide (LCO)-rich black mass. Additionally, effect graphite on metal studied. first set experiments, sieved mass fraction containing both cathode anode materials directly roasted in...

In electrolytic production of zinc, the iron levels in solutions are controlled by precipitation jarosite or goethite. These precipitates also co-precipitate unrecovered valuable metals (Zn, Pb, Cu, Ag) as well elements concern (As, Cd, Hg). After stabilization, residues traditionally landfilled. This work investigates pyrometallurgical treatment residue to convert material into reusable clean slag and recover within residue. The is divided two functional steps. First, melted an oxidizing...

The amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) in the world has grown rapidly during recent decades, with depletion primary ores, there is urgent need for industries to study new sources metals. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCB) are a part WEEE, which have higher concentration copper precious metals when compared ore sources. PCB materials can be processed using pyrometallurgical routes, some industrial processes, such as flash smelting, utilized this type limited amounts...

Different types of metal-bearing wastes, such as WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment), are important urban minerals in modern society, the efficient recycling reuse their metal values is key interest. Pyrometallurgical copper smelting one most prominent ways treating WEEE, however, more accurate experimental data needed regarding behavior different elements during each process stage. This article investigates tin antimony, both commonly present trace electrical electronic waste,...

Abstract The distribution coefficients of Ni, Co, Ag, Au, Pt, and Pd between molten copper silica-saturated iron silicate slags ( $$ {\text{L}}_{\text{Me}}^{{{\text{Cu}}/{\text{s}}}} <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mtext>L</mml:mtext> <mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>Me</mml:mtext> </mml:mrow> <mml:mtext>Cu</mml:mtext> <mml:mo>/</mml:mo> <mml:mtext>s</mml:mtext> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> ) were measured experimentally. behaviors studied under typical...

Recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is attracting increasing attention, due to the presence valuable metals risk environmental emissions associated with WEEE disposal. In this study, distributions trace elements (Ag, Ni, Co, Sn) between copper alloy magnetite/wüstite-saturated iron silicate slags were investigated at 1200–1300 °C PO2 10-10-10-6.5 atm, simulating conditions reprocessing through secondary smelting converting. The high-temperature isothermal...

Abstract The role of nitrogen varies in different stainless steels from a harmful impurity to valuable alloying element. Therefore, the strict control content is very important issue steel making process. Better understanding about thermodynamics solubility basis for this control. aim study was determine whether at atmospheric pressure any given composition and temperature an Argon Oxygen Decarburization (AOD) converter could be reliably predicted. This done by comparing equations industrial...