O objetivo do trabalho foi determinar um modelo matemático empírico que estime a área de folhas em cultivares soja partir dimensões lineares da folha, com ênfase para modernas e recentemente uso por agricultores no Rio Grande Sul. Para isso, realizado experimento campo Santa Maria 13 (NS 4823 RR, BMX Energia Igra RA 518 Turbo NA 5909 RG, TMG 7161 RR Inox, TEC 5936IPRO, IAS 5, Potência Fepagro 36 BRS 246 Bragg CD 219 RR) durante três anos agrícolas (2010/2011, 2012/2013 2013/2014). Foram...

Core Ideas The optimum leaf area index (LAI) at beginning bloom to reach the yield potential is between 3.6 (indeterminate stem termination) and 4.5 (determinate termination). LAI maximum 6.0 6.5 for indeterminate determined cultivars. high should be adjusted according maturity group, termination sowing date. increase in was observed with of experiments farms a technological level (soybean more than Mg ha −1 ). interactive influence climate management factors on soybean has not been...

Production of a bioherbicide for biological control weeds requires series steps, from selection suitable microbial strain to final formulation. Thus, this study aimed select fungi production secondary metabolites with herbicidal activity using resources the Brazilian Pampa biome. Phytopathogenic were isolated infected tissues in A liquid synthetic culture medium was used metabolites. The phytotoxicity fungal assessed via tests plant Cucumis sativus L., and most promising identified by...

The translocation of chemical insecticides in corn plants could enhance the control Spodoptera frugiperda, based on their application form. Chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole were applied via seed treatment foliar spray (VE V3) to characterize systemic action both molecules leaves that appeared after application. Bioassays with S. frugiperda quantification LC-MS/MS confirmed absorption upward chlorantraniliprole by xylem new leaves. Both caused mortality larvae up stage V6 (57.5±9.5%...

The objective of this work was to produce an herbicide by submerged fermentation in a stirred-tank bioreactor and assess the potential herbicidal pre-emergence, post-emergence, detached leaves Cucumis sativus var species. wisconsin (cucumber) Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) Fermentations were carried out with useful volume 3L. Stirring rate (40, 50, 60 rpm) aeration (1, 2 3 vvm) variables studied for bioherbicide production. Fermented broth fractioned different solvents identify molecules produced...

Since its detection in Brazil 2013, the Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera has been reported Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia.Here we present evidence extending South American range of H. to Uruguay, using polymerase chain reaction sequencing partial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I region.Molecular characterization this gene region from individuals Paraguay also supports previous morphological identification Paraguay.Shared mtDNA haplotypes Brazil, were...

Abstract Several parthenogenetic species of broad‐nosed weevils exist, some them economic importance because their pest status. Screening the maternally inherited Wolbachia bacterium in 29 tribe Naupactini, using multilocus sequence typing allowed us to assess a significant correlation between asexuality and infection, suggests an involvement origin this reproductive mode. The nine strains retrieved from Naupactini belong B supergroup. Phylogenetic analysis these strains, along with other 23...

O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar o desenvolvimento de cultivares soja com diferentes grupos maturação e tipos crescimento em terras altas baixas no Rio Grande do Sul. Foram conduzidas nove épocas semeadura Santa Maria (ambiente altas) uma época Capão Leão baixas) durante os anos agrícolas 2010/2011, 2011/2012 2012/2013, 11 soja. delineamento experimental todos experimentos blocos ao acaso, parcelas subdivididas. Foi quantificada a duração, ºC dia, ciclo desenvolvimento, da fase...

Abstract The Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was first detected in Brazil with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern suggests that the H . spread across South American continent following incursions into northern/central Brazil, however, this hypothesis has not been tested. Here we compare northern central Brazilian mtDNA COI haplotypes those southern Uruguay, Paraguay. We infer spatial genetic gene flow patterns of dispersive pest...

Soybean looper (SBL), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an important pest of soybean and cotton in Brazil. The use insecticides one the main control tactics against this pest. To support Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Insect Resistance (IRM) programs, we characterized susceptibility Brazilian populations SBL to insecticides. Field were collected from fields during 2016-2017 2017-2018 crop seasons. In laboratory, late L2/early L3 larvae exposed diet-overlay or...

Regenerative agriculture aims to improve soil quality and restore biodiversity, re-establishing natural systems in agricultural areas. Among some strategies, it is important reduce the use of chemical pesticides that affect productive capacity cause problems environment. Based on this necessity, we present a strategy producing single product with bioinsecticidal biofungicidal effects by submerged co-cultivations paired cultivations Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Trichoderma...

The lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer, 1797) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is considered the primary insect pest in broiler farms Brazil. In this study, we characterized susceptibility of A. populations from southern Brazil to cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos. Larvae adults were exposed these technical insecticides diluted acetone residual bioassays. A geographic variation larvae both was detected. larval LC50 for ranged 0.43 7.33 µg a.i./cm2. Two Santa Catarina state presented...

This study provides the first genetic characterization of soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, 1857), an important defoliating pest species crops in Brazil. Population variability and structure C. populations were evaluated by using ISSR markers with samples from major producing regions Brazil growing seasons 2011/2012. Seven different primers applied for population molecular 8 looper states The seven loci generated 247 bands 246 individuals sampled. expected heterozygosity (HE)...

Soybean Stem Fly (SSF), Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner), belongs to the family Agromyzidae and is highly polyphagous, attacking many plant species of Fabaceae, including soybean other beans.SSF regarded as one most important pests in fields Asia (e.g., China, India), North East Africa Egypt), parts Russia, South Asia.Despite reports flies infesting Rio Grande do Sul State (Brazil) 1983 2009 periodic interceptions SSF since 1940s by USA quarantine authorities, has not been officially reported...

In this work the bioherbicide production from Phoma sp. by solid-state fermentation was optimized. Agroindustrial residues such as bagasse, soybean bran and corn steep liquor were used substrate. The extracted fermented solid supernatant applied for control of target plant. evaluated responses in bioassay plant height, root length, fresh dry weight, number flowers phytotoxicity. results bioassays demonstrated that presented activity towards intensity effect influenced formulation medium....

Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, [1858]) is one of the most important defoliator soybean in Brazil because its extensive geographical distribution and high tolerance to insecticides compared with other species caterpillars. Because this, we conducted bioassays evaluate efficacy pyrethroid λ-cyhalothrin on a C. resistant strain (MS) susceptible (LAB) laboratory strain. High throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) larval head body tissues were performed identify potential molecular mechanisms...

Ten species of broad nosed weevils belonging to Entiminae, Naupactini, are recorded as harmful for roots citrus in São Paulo state, Brazil. Most belong Naupactus Dejean, N. rivulosus (Olivier), tarsalis Boheman, curtus navicularis versatilis Hustache, ambiguus and cervinus Boheman; one was assigned Teratopactus Heller, T. nodicollis (Boheman); Parapantomorus, P. fluctuosus Schoenherr (Boheman) Symmathetes (a genus herein reinstated), S. kollari Schoenherr. Larvae live soil bore on the trees,...

The objective of this work was to study the occurrence and geographic distribution phytophagous mites associated soybean in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Samplings were performed from January May 2005 on genetically modified (glyphosate-tolerant) crops, 27 municipalities six regions - Alto Vale Uruguai, Campanha, Depressão Central, Planalto Médio, Missões Serra Sudeste. Five mite species belonging family Tetranychidae Mononychellus planki, Tetranychus desertorum, T. gigas, ludeni urticae...

Nas últimas safras agrícolas, foram observadas severas infestações de ácaros fitófagos em diversos municípios do Rio Grande Sul, demandando a utilização pesticidas para seu controle. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as espécies e predadores associados à soja dez daquele estado, nas 2002/03 2003/04, cinco cultivares (A 6001 RG, A 7001 8000 8100 Anta 82), todas geneticamente modificadas. Em amostras folhas encontradas quatro (Mononychellus planki (McGregor), Polyphagotarsonemus...