A5023243433- Plant and animal studies
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Marine animal studies overview
- Biological Control of Invasive Species
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
University of Exeter
2015-2024
Sorbonne Université
2017
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2017
Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris
2017
University of Hull
2016
UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology
2016
Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory
2011
University of Zurich
2011
Imperial College London
2001-2010
Wageningen University & Research
2008
Significance Decades of research have fostered the now-prevalent assumption that noncrop habitat facilitates better pest suppression by providing shelter and food resources to predators parasitoids crop pests. Based on our analysis largest pest-control database its kind, surrounding farm fields does affect multiple dimensions control, but actual responses pests enemies are highly variable across geographies cropping systems. Because often not enhance biological more information about local...
The diversity and complexity of food webs (the networks feeding relationships within an ecological community) are considered to be important factors determining ecosystem function stability. However, the biological processes driving these poorly understood. Resource quality affects species interactions by limiting energy transfer consumers their predators, affecting life history morphological traits. We show that differences in plant traits affect structure entire web through a series direct...
1 Most communities of insect herbivores are unlikely to be structured by resource competition, but they may apparent competition mediated shared natural enemies. 2 The potential three guilds enemies (parasitoids, fungal entomopathogens and predators) influence aphid community structure through indirect interactions is assessed. Based on the biology, we predicted that scope for would greatest predator least parasitoid guilds. 3 Separate fully quantitative food webs were constructed years...
Current species extinction rates are at unprecedentedly high levels. While human activities can be the direct cause of some extinctions, it is becoming increasingly clear that extinctions themselves further since affect each other through network ecological interactions among them. There concern simplification ecosystems, due to loss and interactions, increases their vulnerability such secondary extinctions. It predicted more complex food webs will less vulnerable greater trophic redundancy...
Increasingly, stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ(15)N) and carbon (δ(13)C) are used to quantify trophic structure, though relatively few studies have tested accuracy isotopic structural measures. For laboratory-raised wild-collected plant-invertebrate food chains spanning four levels we estimated range (NR) using δ(15)N, (CR) δ(13)C, which chain length breadth resources respectively. Across a known lengths examined how NR CR changed within between chains. Our estimates structure robust...
Abstract Tropical forests and peatlands provide important ecological, climate socio‐economic benefits from the local to global scale. However, these ecosystems their associated are threatened by anthropogenic activities, including agricultural conversion, timber harvesting, peatland drainage fire. Here, we identify key challenges, potential solutions future directions meet forest conservation restoration goals in Indonesia, with a particular focus on Kalimantan. Through round‐table,...
1. Ants are ubiquitous ecosystem engineers and generalist predators able to affect ecological communities via both pathways. They likely influence any other terrestrial arthropod group either directly or indirectly caused by their high abundance territoriality. 2. We studied the impact of two ant species common in Central Europe, Myrmica rubra Lasius niger, on an community. Colony presence density these were manipulated a field experiment from start activity spring late summer. 3. The...
Artificial light has transformed the nighttime environment of large areas earth, with 88% Europe and almost 50% United States experiencing light-polluted night skies [1Falchi F. Cinzano P. Duriscoe D. Kyba C.C.M. Elvidge C.D. Baugh K. Portnov B.A. Rybnikova N.A. Furgoni R. The new world atlas artificial sky brightness.Sci. Adv. 2016; 2: e1600377Crossref PubMed Scopus (682) Google Scholar]. consequences for ecosystems range from exposure to high intensities in vicinity direct sources very...
Uncontrolled fires place considerable burdens on forest ecosystems, compromising our ability to meet conservation and restoration goals. A poor understanding of the impacts fire ecosystems their biodiversity exacerbates this challenge, particularly in tropical regions where few studies have applied consistent analytical techniques examine a broad range ecological over multiyear time frames. We compiled 16 y data ecosystem properties (17 variables) (21 from peatland Indonesia assess infer...
ABSTRACT The bacterial communities of aphids were investigated by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis 16S rRNA gene fragments generated PCR with general eubacterial primers. By both methods, theγ -proteobacterium Buchnera was detected in laboratory cultures six parthenogenetic lines the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum one line black bean Aphis fabae , or more four previously described taxa also all except A. . These latter...
Insect parasitoids play a major role in terrestrial food webs as they are highly diverse, exploit wide range of niches and capable affecting host population dynamics. Formidable difficulties encountered when attempting to quantify host-parasitoid parasitoid-parasitoid trophic links diverse parasitoid communities. Here we present DNA-based approach effectively track interactions within an aphid-parasitoid web, targeting, for the first time, whole community hyperparasitods associated with...
Abstract Artificial light at night (ALAN) is recognized as a widespread and increasingly important anthropogenic environmental pressure on wild species their interactions. Understanding of how these impacts translate into changes in population dynamics communities with multiple trophic levels is, however, severely lacking. In an outdoor mesocosm experiment we tested the effect ALAN plant-aphid-parasitoid community one plant species, three aphid specialist parasitoids. The treatment reduced...
The differential loss of higher trophic levels in the face natural habitat can result disruption important interactions, such as biological control. Natural enemies herbivorous pests cropping systems often benefit from presence habitats surrounding landscapes, they provide key resources alternative hosts. However, any benefits a control perspective may be dampened if this also enhances at fourth level. Remarkably, studies influence landscape structure on diversity and interactions...
Animals often engage in mutualistic associations with microorganisms that protect them from predation, parasitism or pathogen infection. Studies of these interactions insects have mostly focussed on the direct effects symbiont infection natural enemies without studying community-wide effects. Here, we explore effect a defensive population dynamics and species extinctions an experimental community composed three aphid their associated specialist parasitoids. We found introducing bacterial...
Abstract Resource–consumer interactions are considered a major driving force of population and community dynamics. However, species also interact in many non‐trophic indirect ways it is currently not known to what extent the dynamic coupling corresponds distribution trophic links. Here, using 10‐year data set monthly observations 40‐species tri‐trophic insect nonlinear time series analysis, we compare occurrence strengths both community. The matching between observed provides evidence that...
Density-mediated and trait-mediated indirect interactions between species may have important roles in structuring ecological communities. Here we dissect their contributions to community stability a model herbivore–natural enemy interaction consisting of two aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Megoura viciae) specialist parasitoid (Aphidius ervi) that attacks only one the aphids (A. pisum). In replicated cage experiments, found alone were unable coexist, with A. competitively excluding M. viciae. We...