Abstract: Pharmacogenomics has transformed the way we approach treatment of most common diseases worldwide, especially cardiovascular. In this article, highlight main categories drugs involved in major cardiovascular (CVD), related genetic variability and their effects on metabolism each case contrastive operability. This not only explains disparities outcomes but also unfolds customised management based genomic studies to improve efficiency limit side effects. Genetic variations have been...

Abstract Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a well-known microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), attributed to chronic hyperglycaemia. It defined as the presence nerve dysfunction in diabetics after excluding other causes. Objectives: The objective this study was determine factors associated with DPN individuals T2DM. Materials and Methods: This facility-based cross-sectional conducted using 81 records diabetic patients who attended Podiatry Clinic,...

Background: Immunization is one of the most indispensable community-based health interventions with unquestionable ability to improve a nation’s status. In spite evidences about effectiveness vaccines, millions children around world are lagging behind exposing them and their community risk epidemics. Despite efforts taken vaccination coverage, India has only succeeded in achieving 65% coverage childhood immunization. We aim determine parental knowledge, attitudes practices regarding Methods:...

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate serum zinc levels in children with pneumonia according the WHO criteria and compare them age-, sex-, nutrition-matched controls. Methods: The was carried out a pediatric tertiary care hospital from September 2014 July 2016 after obtaining approval Institutional Ethics Committee. Children between 1 59 months of age admitted were included as case group (n = 50) other non-pneumonia cases control 50). Various etiologies analyzed, such pneumonia, severe...

Background and objective Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the common causes febrile illness in young children. Vitamin D influences levels endogenous cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide, which improves bladder wall immunity prevents UTIs. In light this, we conducted this study to determine association between vitamin deficiency UTIs children identify whether risk factors for Materials methods This was a case-control aged five years. Eighty-two with first episode culture-proven UTI...

Nephrotic syndrome is a common cause of kidney diseases in children. Many studies have examined the association microRNAs playing potential roles many pathophysiological functions. We investigated expression pattern miR-17-5P, miR-155p, miR-424-5p children with steroid sensitive nephrotic (SSNS) and resistance (SRNS), along healthy subjects. Total RNA was isolated from urine samples three groups (SSNS n = 100, SRNS control group 100). Bioinformatics tools such as miRWalk miR-Tar link were...

A BSTRACT Background and Aims: Differentiation of nonobstructive dilatation (NOD) from ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is a challenge in children with antenatally detected hydronephrosis. The aim this study to compare the utility urinary biomarkers: carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule (KIM) diagnosing UPJO. Methods: prospective was conducted after obtaining ethical clearance between 2021 2022. Group 1 – control...

Alkaptonuria is a rare genetic disorder resulting in abnormality of tyrosine metabolism. It one the Garrod's tetrad 'inborn errors metabolism' proposed to have Mendelian recessive inheritance. The characterised by deposition homogentisic acid leading ochronosis and ochronotic osteoarthropathy; however, blackish discoloration urine only childhood manifestation. Other manifestations present after third decade. A 13-year-old boy presented paediatric nephrology clinic with discolouration since...

Background: Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder which affectsaround four million people globally.Many of signs are found in head andneck. The typical “masklike” facial appearance with infrequent blinking and lack expression causedby bradykinesis.. Abnormalities oral behaviour, such as purposeless chewing, grinding, suckingmovements, also well recognized patients disease.Aim Objectives: aim this study to assess overall health status withParkinson’s analyze...

3A two years old girlwith newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia on induction chemotherapy developed abdominal colic and passage of powdery material in the urine. Ultrasound abdomen revealed stone right kidney. She was treated with adequate hydration alkali therapy andimprovedsymptomatically. has completed intensive phase chemotherapyand had no recurrence symptoms. Repeat ultrasound after months showed stones. Though renal disease is rare childhood leukemia, it should be ruled out, as...

Aim To study the various pathological patterns of pediatric lupus nephritis (LN) by renal biopsies and to correlate histopathological data with clinical biochemical outcomes. Methods This is a retrospective in children between 1 month 18 years age biopsy-proven nephritis, conducted January 2015 December 2019. Various parameters were compared groups activity those without activity. Results Of 38 cases, 30 (78.9%) adolescent group, female gender was predominantly affected (n=30; 78.9%). Class...

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common inflammatory myopathy in children and characterised by presence of proximal muscle weakness, heliotrope dermatitis, Gottron’s papules occasionally auto antibodies. The disease primarily affects skin muscles, but can also affect other organs. Renal manifestations though autoimmune conditions like lupus are rare JDM. We describe a child whose presenting complaint was extensive calcinosis cutis. Subtle features weakness were detected on...

Contrast induced nephropathy is a reversible form of acute kidney injury occurs following administration radio-contrast agents. It associated with serious adverse short and long-term outcomes. The risk negligible in children normal renal function but increased underlying disease, dehydration on nephrotoxic drugs. defined as increase serum creatinine by >0.5 mg/dL or 25% from baseline within 48 to 72 hours contrast administration. one the commonest cause hospital acquired injury. We...