In order to provide an alternative day-old chick culling in the layer hatcheries, a noninvasive method for egg sexing is required at early stage of incubation before onset embryo sensitivity. Fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy blood offers potential precise contactless ovo sex determination domestic chicken (Gallus gallus f. dom.) eggs already during fourth day. However, such kind optical requires window shell, thus invasive leads decreased hatching rates. Here, we show that near infrared...

The primary aim of the study was to examine anthropometric characteristics as well throwing and sprinting performance professional handball players classified by playing position competition level.21 male (age: 25.2±5.1 years) from first German league (FGL) 34 26.1±4.1 third (TGL) were categorized backs, pivots, wings goalkeepers. Measurements included data (height, mass body index (BMI)), selected out a complex test (HBCT), which conducted twice (2 rounds). During HBCT, subjects performed...

Male birds of egg-laying hen strains have no commercial value and are culled immediately after hatching, raising concerns for animal welfare. Existing experimental methods in ovo sexing require taking samples applicable embryos' sexual differentiation. We demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy enables contactless sex determination the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus f. dom.) already at day 3.5 egg incubation. A accuracy 90% was obtained by analyzing spectra blood circulating extraembryonic...

Abstract The in ovo sexing of chicken eggs is a current task and prerequisite to overcome the mass killing male day-old chicks from laying lines. Although various methods have been developed tested recent years, practicable for sex determination are still missing which can be applicated poultry hatcheries before embryo capable nociception pain sensation. Optical spectroscopic enable an early sex. In this study, novel method based on two-wavelength fluorescence excitation described. More than...

The present study demonstrates the prevalence of footpad lesions in turkeys and their level expression both live birds carcasses. In clinical investigations 11,860 (5,740 males, 6,120 females) strain British United Turkeys Big 6, individuals all observed flocks showed alterations to plantar skin. general, degree severity skin were higher 16th week life than 6th or 11th life. Epithelial necrosis, however, was already apparent about 45% At this point, deep on surface still rare findings. life,...

This investigation explored relationships between biological maturation, physical and academic performance in young male soccer players. Thirty-eight players (age: 9.79 ± 1.21 years; body mass index (BMI): 20.4 2.39 kg/m2; fat: 16.8 2.21%) participated. Measures of anthropometry used for mass, fat percentage (%BF), BMI as well. Postural control, 15 m sprint, squat jumps counter-movement (SJ, CMJ), T-half test change-of-direction (CoD) were parameters performance. The grade point average...

The potentially enhanced mitogenic activity of insulin analogs represents a safety risk that requires detailed analysis new considered for therapeutic applications. We assessed the signaling properties and potency two novel rapid-acting analogs, LysB3,GluB29 (HMR 1964) LysB3,IleB28 1153) using myoblasts cardiomyocytes. In myoblasts, both binding internalization were two- to threefold higher AspB10 HMR 1153 when compared with 1964 regular insulin. This finding correlated prominent Shc/IGF-I...

Transgenic mouse models were established to study tumorigenesis of bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinomas derived from alveolar type II pneumocytes (AT-II cells). lines expressing the murine oncogene c- myc under control lung-specific surfactant protein C promoter developed multifocal hyperplasias, adenomas and carcinomas respectively, whereas transgenic a secretable form epidermal growth factor (IgEGF), structural functional homologue transforming alpha (TGF alpha), hyperplasias epithelium....

Background Team handball is an intense ball sport with specific requirements on technical skills, tactical understanding, and physical performance. The ability of players to develop explosive efforts (e. g. sprinting, jumping, changing direction) crucial success. Objective purpose this pilot study was examine the effects in-season high-intensity strength training program performance elite players. Materials methods Twenty-two (a single national-level Tunisian team) were randomly assigned a...

This study examined the effects of 8 weeks twice-weekly combined plyometric and sprint with change-of-direction (CPSCoD) training into habitual regimes young male soccer players. Participants were randomly allocated to an experimental group (

This study examined the effect of 8 weeks biweekly combined plyometric and short sprint training into typical within-season schedule youth male soccer players. Participants were allocated at random to an experimental group (EG; n = 17, age: 14.6 ± 0.5 years, body mass: 60.5 7.1 kg, height: 1.64 0.08 m, fat: 11.3 1.4%) a control (CG; 0.4 61.0 3.9 1.67 0.05 11.8 1.4%). Measures obtained pre- post-intervention included vertical horizontal jump performances (i.e., squat (SJ), countermovement...

Conventional fluorescent tubes are increasingly being replaced with innovative light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for lighting poultry houses. However, little is known about whether the flicker frequencies of LED luminaires potential stressors in husbandry. The term 'light flicker' describes fluctuations brightness an electrically operated light source caused by design and/or control source. In this context, critical frequency (CFF) characterizes at which a sequence flashes perceived as continuous...

Receptor binding and signaling the mitogenic potential of insulin glulisine (glulisine), regular human (RHI), Asp(B10) were compared in vivo vitro. Insulin insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor was studied with receptors (293HEK cells) osteosarcoma-derived cell line B10. receptor-mediated assessed rat-1 fibroblasts overexpressing receptors. Activation substrates 2 (IRS-1/ IRS-2) rat myoblasts cardiomyocytes. DNA synthesis induction by [3H] thymidine incorporation epithelial breast...

The identification of avian gender is important for prosperous breeding birds. Since birds do not possess external genital organs, endoscopic investigations, blood analysis, and molecular biological methods are applied to determine the in monomorphic species. However, anesthesia sampling impose stress on examined bird should be avoided terms animal protection. Here we report application UV-resonance Raman spectroscopy as a minimal invasive method determination via an evaluation feather pulp...

This project involves the prevalence of breast skin alterations (breast buttons, blisters, purulent bursitis) in male and female fattened turkeys (British United Turkeys Big 6) from conventional intensive farming. In this case, 24 turkey farms across Germany 11,860 (5,740 toms, 6,120 hens) were clinically examined, 16,200 birds (8,400 hens, 7,800 toms) evaluated on slaughter lines at 7 abattoirs. Each farm included examination least 3 consecutive fattening cycles. Especially meat...

In the previously performed field study from 2007 to 2009, it became evident that foot pad alterations were already commonly found in turkeys at age of 6 wk. At this early age, 45% clinically examined birds diagnosed with epithelial necrosis. Therefore, important specifically analyze situation during rearing phase. The present reflects prevalence and severity turkey poults up 35 d (5 wk), starting as 3 d. From 24 farms throughout Germany, general 5,531 [3,131 male 2,400 female] British...

The purpose of this study was to examine the intra- and interrater reliability measuring shoulder range motion (ROM) strength among patients diagnosed with subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS). Twenty-five (14 female patients; mean age, 60.4± 7.84 years) SAIS were assessed determine intrarater for glenohumeral ROM. (16 7.80 76 asymptomatic volunteers (52 volunteers; 29.4± 14.1 reliability. Dependent variables active ROM isometric strength. Intrarater fair-to-excellent (intraclass...