To identify factors driving the rapid increase in caesarean section China between 1988 and 2008.Data from four national cross-sectional surveys (1993, 1998, 2003 2008) modified Poisson regression were used to determine whether changes household income, access health insurance or women's education accounted for rise sections urban rural areas.In 2008, 64.1% of women 11.3% poorest region reported giving birth by section. A fast was occurring all socioeconomic groups. Between 1993 risk had...

China has about 350 million smokers, more commonly men. Using data from National Health Service Surveys conducted in 1993, 1998 and 2003, we (i) estimated trends smoking prevalence cessation according to sociodemographic variables (ii) analysed rates, quitting intentions, reasons for relapsing.Data were collected approximately 57 000 households 200 individuals each survey year. Household members > 15 years of age interviewed their habits, intentions attitudes towards smoking. We present...

As an important outcome of the health system, equity in service utilization has attracted increasing amount attention literature on reform China recent years. The poor, who frequently require more services, are often least able to pay, while wealthy utilize disproportionately services although they have less need. Whereas between richer and poorer populations been studied urban areas, rural areas received little attention. With improving levels economic development, introduction insurance...

Abstract Background In 1997 there was a major reform of the government run urban health insurance system in China. The principal aims were to widen coverage for employed and contain medical costs. Following this has been transition from dual Government Insurance Scheme (GIS) Labour (LIS) new Urban Employee Basic Health (BHIS). Methods This paper uses data National Services Surveys 1998 2003 examine impact on population coverage. Particular attention is paid terms gender, age, employment...

Reducing the gap in health outcomes between rural and urban areas China has been a focus of central government’s reform efforts since 2002. Drawing on national survey data from 2003 2008, this paper analyzes changes rural-urban for patients with chronic diseases. Overall, there were substantial improvements at level insurance coverage use hospital services both residents There was also an overall reduction inpatient services. But gains uneven. For example, although Chinese disease could more...

People with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) are particularly vulnerable to socioeconomic inequality due their long-term expensive health needs. This study aimed assess socioeconomic-related in service utilization among NCD patients China and analyze factors associated this disparity.Data were taken from the 2008 Chinese National Health Survey, which a multiple stage stratified random sampling method was employed survey 56,456 households. We analyzed distribution of actual use,...

Abstract Background The phenomenon of inequitable healthcare utilization in rural China interests policymakers and researchers; however, the inequity has not been actually measured to present magnitude trend using nationally representative data. Methods Based on National Health Service Survey (NHSS) 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, Probit model with probability outpatient visit inpatient as dependent variables is applied estimate need-predicted utilization. Furthermore, need-standardized assessed...

Though ample research on grandparent caregiving and psychological well-being outcomes exist in Western literature, little attention has been focused Chinese American grandparents. Based role enhancement strain theories, this study examined among older adults tested whether burden or pressure from adult children moderated such association.We used the data Population Study of ChINese Elderly Chicago (PINE), a population-based survey community-dwelling Greater area. Grandparents with...

Purpose of the Study: This study examined whether participating in productive activities was associated with better health outcomes among older adults urban China, including analysis potential gender differences. Design and Methods: Using a sample 10,016 Chinese aged 60 years or from 2006 Sample Survey Aged Population Urban/Rural we regressed measures self-rated health, functional depression on (paid employment, helping family, volunteering), controlling for sociodemographic variables....

ABSTRACT Immigration disrupts the bonding process in families. Maintaining close relationships with adult children can be an important protective factor for older immigrants' health and wellbeing. Quantitative research explaining such is rare. This study examined factors associated parent–child a purposive sample of 236 Chinese immigrants Los Angeles who provided information regarding 365 children. Two-level regression models were estimated to investigate contributing cohesive among these...

Relying on a purposive sample of 550 Chinese older adults in Beijing, China, this study examined the potential influence children’s out-migration, internally or internationally, intergenerational relationships and parental well-being. By comparing nonmigrant, internal migrant, transnational, hybrid (have both migrant nonmigrant children) families, we found that out-migration only compromised contact instrumental support, but not monetary emotional support. Older different family types had...

This study sought to identify challenges and protective factors for resilience related the process of aging among older Chinese immigrants in United States.This used qualitative methods involved 24 in-depth interviews with aged 65 or Los Angeles. Content analysis was employed analyze data.Three major themes emerged regarding encountered States: language barriers, loneliness social isolation, insufficient use services. Four were identified factors: acceptance optimism; independence autonomy;...

The rapid increase in grandparents caring for grandchildren has received growing attention, but little research focused on Chinese‐American and their caregiving experiences. Drawing cross‐sectional data from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly—a community‐engaged, epidemiological study adults aged 60 older, relationships between experiences psychological well‐being were examined. Of 2,365 older who answered question about grandparent caregiving, 818 (35%) designated as caregivers,...

Research suggests that the use of creative, artistic activities in later life may positively impact psychological well-being older adults. Social robots have been utilized research with adults, however, few studies integrated participatory arts (e.g. theatre) into social robotic platforms for purpose implementing a psychosocial intervention this population. An interdisciplinary team designed and delivered an integrating theatre robotics aim improving study participants both without cognitive...

Guided by the biopsychosocial framework and empirical evidence, this study examined protective risk factors of older adults' suicidal thoughts attempts during previous month, 12 months, 5 years.The data used in were extracted from Sample Survey on Aged Population Urban/Rural China conducted 2006, which included 15,957 adults mainland China. Multiple penalized logistic regressions to conduct analyses.During years, 5.1‰, 10.0‰, 17.7‰ indicated that they thought about suicide, whereas 2.2‰,...

Xu L, Chi I. Life satisfaction among rural Chinese grandparents: the roles of intergenerational family relationship and support exchange with grandchildren Int J Soc Welfare 2011: 20: S148–S159 © 2011 The Author(s), International Journal Social Blackwell Publishing Ltd Welfare. In this study, we examined how life grandparents is affected by their grandchildren. study sample consisted 9,704 aged 60 older from 2000 “Sample Survey on Aged Population in Urban/Rural China.” Demographic variables,...