A5009079204- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Archaeology and Natural History
- Plant and animal studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Climate change and permafrost
- Soybean genetics and cultivation
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Bryophyte Studies and Records
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Fern and Epiphyte Biology
McGill University
2006-2020
Canadian Museum of Nature
2008
Jasper National Park
2007
Mount Revelstoke National Park
2007
Parks Canada
2007
Bayer (United States)
2007
Carex (Cyperaceae), with an estimated 2000 species, nearly cosmopolitan distribution and broad range of habitats, is one the largest angiosperm genera in temperate zone. In this article, we provide argument evidence for a broader circumscription to add all species currently classified Cymophyllus (monotypic), Kobresia (c. 60 species), Schoenoxiphium 15 species) Uncinia 70 those as Carex. these comprise tribe Cariceae (subfamily Cyperoideae, Cyperaceae) form well-supported monophyletic group...
Abstract We present the first large-scale phylogenetic hypothesis for genus Carex based on 996 of 1983 accepted species (50.23%). used a supermatrix approach using three DNA regions: ETS, ITS and matK. Every concatenated sequence was derived from single specimen. The topology our reconstruction largely agreed with previous studies. also gained new insights into early divergence structure two largest clades, core Vignea challenging some evolutionary hypotheses about inflorescence structure....
Abstract Phylogenetic studies of Carex L. (Cyperaceae) have consistently demonstrated that most subgenera and sections are para‐ or polyphyletic. Yet, taxonomists continue to use in classification. Why? The Global Group (GCG) here takes the position historical continued serves (i) organize our understanding lineages , (ii) create an identification mechanism break ~2000 species into manageable groups stimulate its study, (iii) provide a framework recognize morphologically diagnosable within ....
Abstract The field of systematics is experiencing a new molecular revolution driven by the increased availability high-throughput sequencing technologies. As these techniques become more affordable, genomic resources have increasingly far-reaching implications for our understanding Tree Life. With c. 2000 species, Carex (Cyperaceae) one five largest genera angiosperms and two among monocots, but phylogenetic relationships between main lineages are still poorly understood. We designed...
We assessed the size and composition of seed bank in 31 plots representing a range habitats within an old-growth, temperate deciduous forest at Mont St. Hilaire, Québec, Canada. identified 49 taxa bank, with average 40 species·m -2 median density 1218 seeds·m . The most frequent seeds were species Carex Rubus, Diervilla lonicera, Eupatorium rugosum, while numerous overall. Of 12 not found forest, 11 growing on developed landscape surrounding this 10-km 2 fragment. These nonforest numerically...
Summary 1 A field experiment was designed to investigate the relationship between environmental heterogeneity and species diversity in a group of sedges (Cyperaceae: Carex ) growing old‐growth forest. 2 measure quality, as perceived by sedges, obtained from survival clonal ramets 11 planted at 10‐m intervals along each three 1‐km transect lines. 3 The resident assemblage censused same lines further 24 km survey 4 general state site represented overall experimental implants that site....
Phylogenetic reconstruction for Carex and relatives in tribe Cariceae is complicated by species richness nearly cosmopolitan distribution. In this investigation, our main objective was to estimate evolutionary relationships using DNA sequence data from two spacer regions nuclear ribosomal genes (ITS ETS-1f) combined with noncoding chloroplast (trnL intron, trnL–trnF intergenic spacer, trnE–trnD spacers). Parsimony analyses of separate Bayesian analysis the matrix revealed strong support...
Though often overlooked, small wetlands in an upland matrix can support diverse plant communities that increase both local and regional species richness. Here we characterize the full range of wetland vegetation within forest landscape compare diversity composition different communities. In old-growth reserve southern Quebec, Canada, sampled wet habitats including lakeshores, permanent seasonal ponds, swamps, glades, streamsides. We used clustering, indicator analysis, nonmetric...
Variation in resource availability can lead to phenotypic plasticity the traits comprising world-wide leaf economics spectrum (LES), potentially impairing plant function and complicating use of tabulated values for LES ecological studies. We compared 14 Carex (Cyperaceae) species a factorial experiment (unshaded/shaded × sufficient/insufficient P) analyze how changes network allometric scaling relationships among influenced growth under favorable resource-limited conditions. Changes mass per...
Neutral and functional theories provide rival interpretations of community patterns involving distribution, abundance, diversity. One group describes the overall properties species or sites, derives principally from frequency distribution abundance among species. According to neutral theory, these are determined by number individuals novel type appearing each generation in community, whereas theory relates them extent niches. A second spatial attributes communities, decay similarity...
Summary 1. Dispersal ability can influence the importance of dispersal relative to other processes organizing metacommunities, such as species sorting among habitats along environmental gradients. 2. We compare plants with different modes and habitat affinities, evaluating roles spatial controls on plant community composition in 128 wetlands within 10 km 2 old‐growth maple–beech forest southern Québec, Canada. 3. address two hypotheses. First, we ask whether short‐distance mechanisms are...
Abstract Systematically quantifying diversity across landscapes is necessary to understand how clade history and ecological heterogeneity contribute the origin, distribution, maintenance of biodiversity. Here, we chart spatial structure among all species in sedge family (Cyperaceae) throughout USA Canada. We first identify areas remarkable richness, phylogenetic diversity, functional trait highlight regions conservation priority. then test predictions about this based on historical...
We compared genetic variability and clonal diversity in the closely related sedges Carex lasiocarpa C. pellita using allozyme markers at 12 loci. Both species produce spreading rhizomes, occur open habitats, can form large clones; primarily along lakeshores, or bogs, fens, marshes, more commonly riverbanks ditches wet meadows. Polymorphism was high both species, similar to that of other rhizomatous with comparable growth forms life histories. Total gene higher for ( H T = 0.266) than 0.248),...
Abstract Despite previous efforts to unify the terminology for Cyperaceae, two different terms, perigynium and utricle, are in common use prophyllar bract enclosing female flower of Carex. Use these terms is divided largely on geographic lines (mainly North American versus European other authors, respectively). The recent merging Kobresia with Carex requires a single term refer both open prophyll laterally closed one However, even when authors utricle species, same do not as utricle. We show...
We investigated aspects of germination and seedling establishment that might influence the distribution diversity Carex species growing in forest understory. tested ability communis C. platyphylla to germinate establish at plots where adult individuals one these two species, or other (C. backii plantaginea), occurred an old-growth southern Québec, Canada. also for effects leaf litter on sedges. From a series experiments field lath house, we found no evidence home-site advantage with respect...
• Premise of the study: The circumboreal Carex section Glareosae comprises 20–25 currently accepted species. High variability in geographic distribution, ecology, cytogenetics, and morphology has led to historical problems both species delimitation circumscribing limits section, which is one major tasks facing caricologists today. Methods: We performed phylogenetic reconstructions based on ETS, ITS, G3PDH, mat K DNA sequences from 204 samples. Concatenation gene regions a supermatrix...
Abstract Question Community phylogenetic approaches can provide information on the ecological forces structuring plant community composition. For example, assuming evolutionary conservatism of traits, environmental filtering has been suggested to result in clustering, whereas competition lead over‐dispersion. However, current report aggregate community‐wide metrics and typically assume that all lineages respond similarly. Here, we question this assumption evaluate evidence for...
The proportion of polyploid plant species increases at higher latitudes, and it has been suggested that original postglacial Arctic immigrants some large groups, including grasses, were polyploid. We analyzed noncoding nuclear chloroplast DNA all North American diploid Puccinellia (Poaceae) a subset arctic polyploids to hypothesize evolutionary relationships among diploids evaluate the parentage polyploids. Diploids formed three lineages: one uniting P. arctica banksiensis ; second...
Patterns of variation within and between Carex gynodynama C. mendocinensis were investigated by studying allozyme chromosome in natural populations structural using herbarium specimens. Multivariate analyses data demonstrated that is clearly distinct from , sterile specimens similar to are intermediate species gynodynama. The mean genetic distance the two species, based on phenotypes at 17 enzyme‐coding loci, was 0.22 ± 0.12. putative hybrids had expected heterozygous pattern three loci...
The concept of limiting similarity predicts that closely related taxa are less likely to co-occur than expected by chance. degree which the phylogenetic relatedness in plant communities is accord with has been little tested at scale where consequences adaptive differentiation during speciation should be most evident: neighboring, congeneric plants within a community. To quantify species co-occurrence patterns relation environment, we sampled sedge species, their rooting level relative water...