Categorical perception (CP) refers to how similar things look different depending on whether they are classified as the same category. Many studies demonstrate that adult humans show CP for human emotional faces. It is widely debated effect can be accounted solely by perceptual differences (structural among faces) or additional perceiver-based conceptual knowledge required. In this review, I discuss phenomenon of and key showing then a new model emotion which highlights interact explain...

Cognitive psychology has undergone a paradigm shift in the ways we understand how knowledge is acquired and represented within brain, yet implications for this impacts students' learning of material across disciplines to be fully applied. In article, present an integrative review embodied cognition, demonstrate it differs from previously held theories that still influence which many subjects are taught classroom. doing so, literature areas reading instruction, writing, physics, math....

Do English-speakers think about anger as "red" and sadness "blue"? Some theories of emotion suggests that color(s)-like other biologically-derived signals- should be reliably paired with an emotion, colors differentiate across emotions. We assessed consistency specificity for color-emotion pairings among English-speaking adults. In study 1, participants (n = 73) completed online survey in which they could select up to three from 23 colored swatches (varying hue, saturation, light) each ten...

Abstract It is long hypothesized that there a reliable, specific mapping between certain emotional states and the facial movements express those states. This hypothesis often tested by asking untrained participants to pose they believe use emotions during generic scenarios. Here, we test this using, as stimuli, photographs of configurations posed professional actors in response contextually-rich The scenarios portrayed were rated convenience sample for extent which evoked an instance 13...

Categorical perception (CP) occurs when continuously varying stimuli are perceived as belonging to discrete categories. Thereby, perceivers more accurate at discriminating between of different categories than within the same category (Harnad, 1987; Goldstone, 1994). The current experiments investigated whether structural information in face is sufficient for CP occur. Alternatively, a perceiver's conceptual knowledge, by virtue expertise or verbal labeling, might contribute. In two...

Despite a growing number of studies suggesting that emotion words affect perceptual judgments emotional stimuli, little is known about how memory for faces. In Experiments 1 and 2 we tested (compared with control words) affected participants' abilities to select target face from among distractor Participants were generally more likely false alarm faces when primed an word congruent the word). Moreover, participants showed both decreased sensitivity (d') discriminate between faces, as well...

In this perspective piece, we briefly review embodied cognition and learning. We then present a translational research model based on to inform teachers, educational psychologists, practitioners the benefits of learning for classroom applications. While many teachers already employ body in teaching, especially early schooling, teachers’ understandings science sensorimotor engagement or across grades levels content areas is little understood. Here, outline seven goals our four major “action”...

Abstract In this commentary, we review evidence that production-based (perceiver-independent) measures reveal few consistent sex differences in emotion. Further, perceiver-based can be attributed to retrospective or dispositional biases. We end by discussing an alternative view women might appear more emotional because they are facile with emotion language.

Abstract Vocalizations are among the diverse cues that animals use to recognize individual conspecifics. For some calls, such as noisy screams, there is debate over whether recognition occurs. To test of rhesus macaque recorded calls were played back unrelated and related conspecific group members either single or short bouts. Higher‐ranking, but not lower‐ranking, monkeys looked longer toward playback speaker in trials containing screams from kin than those composed nonkin. In a second...

Emoji faces, which are ubiquitous in our everyday communication, thought to resemble human faces and aid emotional communication. Yet, few studies examine whether emojis perceived as a particular emotion that perception changes based on rendering differences across electronic platforms. The current paper draws upon theory evaluate emoji depict anatomical proposed differentiate depictions of (hereafter, “facial expressions”). We modified the existing Facial Action Coding System (FACS) ( Ekman...

To explore whether the meaning of a word changes visual processing emotional faces (i.e. awareness and attention), we performed two complementary studies. In Experiment 1, presented participants with emotion control words then tracked their for competing using binocular rivalry paradigm. Participants experienced face congruent longer than word-incongruent face, as would be expected if was biasing toward (unseen) face. 2, similarly prior to presenting divided field Emotion were either in...

<title>Abstract</title> People vary in the precision with which they report on their emotions, known as emotional granularity, and this predicts ability to regulate emotions. It is not yet known, however, whether links between emotion regulation granularity are due variation knowledge of words -- specifically, individuals’ reported usage, understanding, accurately define words. In present report, we combined data from six studies address gap literature using an integrative analysis....