The purpose of this study was to examine the effects a probiotic supplement during 4 mo winter training in men and women engaged endurance-based physical activities on incidence upper respiratory-tract infections (URTIs) immune markers. Eighty-four highly active individuals were randomized ( n = 42) or placebo groups and, under double-blind procedures, received (PRO: Lactobacillus casei Shirota [LcS]) (PLA) daily for 16 wk. Resting blood saliva samples collected at baseline after 8 Weekly...

The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing susceptibility upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in 18–35‐year‐old men and women engaged endurance‐based physical activity during the winter months. Eighty individuals (46 males, 34 females) provided resting blood saliva samples for determination markers systemic immunity. Weekly training illness logs were kept following 4 Thirty subjects did not experience an URTI episode 24 experienced 3 or more weeks symptoms. These...

Abstract Objective To ascertain the prevalence of and association between main lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption smoking) in students from Balearic Islands University. Design A cross-sectional, descriptive study. questionnaire including questions on lifestyle, dietary habits activity was administered to students. Four different diet quality scores were calculated (Diet Diversity Score, Mediterranean Diet Dietary Guidelines Score Global Score). Setting sample...

Background Several studies have shown a relation between the adipose tissue accumulation and higher risk for developing metabolic cardiovascular diseases. Thus, body fat content and, mainly, distribution or adiposity could be considered as important indicators of health risk. In spite presenting several limitations, BMI is most widely used accepted index classifying overweight obesity. The aim study was to evaluate correlations Body Adiposity Index (BAI), other indexes such WC, WHR WHtR with...

To test whether communicating cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk using a novel assessment tool (Heart Age) will be able to motivate population adopt healthier lifestyles and improve CVD profile over the use of traditional percentage-based tool. A single-blind randomized intervention study was carried out in Caucasian population. total 3153 subjects were randomly allocated one three groups: control (conventional medical advice given subjects), Framingham REGICOR (10-year percentage score,...

The purpose of the present study was to investigate socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants physical activity practice, as well motivations for being or not physically active in Spanish university students. A representative sample students from a (n = 2,051; 42.1% males; mean age 21.9, s 4.8 years) participated cross-sectional study. questionnaire including questions regarding lifestyle, dietary habits, parents' characteristics, habits administered practice were assessed using...

Health-related lifestyles in young adults are a public health concern because they affect the risk for developing noncommunicable diseases. Although unhealthy tend to cluster together, most studies have analyzed their effects as independent factors. This study assessed prevalence, association, and clustering of health-related (smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, quality diet) among university students. cross-sectional examined sample student participants from University Balearic...

Due to its stimulatory effects, caffeine is one of the most frequently consumed mood and behavior altering drugs. University students report using caffeine-containing products enhance performance or for a desire alertness. The current study investigated consumption in university undergraduate students, associations with smoking status, alcohol cannabis consumption, fruit vegetable sleep quality. Motivations intake were also ascertained. A total 886 undergraduates aged 18−25 years from...

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) could induce oxidative damage at long distance from its generation site and it is also an important signalling molecule that induces some genes related to stress. Our objective was study the plasma blood cells capability detoxify H2O2 after intense exercise correlation with damage. Blood samples were taken nine professional cycling, participating in a mountain stage, under basal conditions 3 h competition. Catalase glutathione peroxidase activities decreased (40 50%...

Background Body fat content and distribution or adiposity are indicators of health risk. Several techniques have been developed used for assessing and/or determining body adiposity. Recently, the Adiposity Index (BAI), which is based on measurements hip circumference height, has suggested as a new index The aim study was to compare BAI BMI in Caucasian population from European Mediterranean area assess usefulness men women separately. Research Methodology/Principal Findings A descriptive...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects a probiotic supplement during 4 mo spring training in men and women engaged endurance-based physical activities on incidence upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) mucosal immune markers. Sixty-six highly active individuals were randomized ( n = 33) or placebo groups and, under double-blind procedures, received (PRO: Lactobacillus salivarius , 2 × 10 bacterium colony-forming units) (PLA) daily for 16 wk. Resting blood saliva samples...

This study examined the effect of training load on upper respiratory tract infection ( URTI ) incidence in men and women engaged endurance‐based physical activity during winter sought to establish if there are training‐associated differences immune function related patterns illness. Seventy‐five individuals provided resting blood saliva samples for determination markers systemic immunity. Weekly illness logs were kept following 4 months. Comparisons made between subjects n = 25) who reported...

Seventeen volunteer male professional cyclists were randomly assigned to control or supplemented (6 g L-citrulline-malate) groups and participated in a cycling stage. Blood samples taken basal conditions, after the race 3 h post-race. Citrulline supplementation significantly increased plasma concentration of both arginine citrulline stage only group. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) from controls responded exercise with progressive decrease ROS production. Supplemented PMNs production...

Abstract The aims of this study were to assess the effects a swimming session on peripheral blood neutrophil and lymphocyte pro- antioxidant system, identify any differences between sexes regulatory mechanisms that might induce immune cell adaptive response exercise. Twenty-four swimmers (15 males, 9 females) participated in one-hour at 75–80% their maximal capacity. induced neutrophilia decreased enzyme activities ascorbate levels neutrophils. Malondialdehyde rose neutrophils males females,...

Objective: Physical exercise is capable of enhancing or suppressing the immune response depending on intensity and duration exercise. This study investigated how influences lymphocyte antioxidant induction cellular oxidative damage. Design: Eighteen voluntary male pre-professional soccer players participated in this study. Sportsmen played a 60 min training match, were divided into three groups degree during match: low, medium high intensities. Measurements: Malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamins C...

The objective of this study is as follows: 1) to determine the effects caffeine supplementation on inflammatory response (IL-6 and IL-10 levels leukocyte numbers) induced by a 15-km run competition 2) examine effect energetic metabolites well exercise-induced oxidative stress.A double-blinded with was performed. Athletes participating in (n = 33) completed competition. Before competition, athletes took 6 mg · kg(-1) body weight (caffeine group, n 17) or placebo (placebo 16). Blood samples...

Adequate dietary strategies are essential for the successful participation in ultra-endurance races. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare energy water intakes participants during three different mountain runs. took place at "Ultra Mallorca Serra de Tramuntana" (Mallorca, Spain), an event with runners participating either a 44-km (Marathon, n = 51), 67-km (Trail, 109) or 112-km (Ultra, 53) run competition. Participants answered questionnaire focused on nutritional intake within...

The aim was to study the effects of a scuba diving session on lymphocyte antioxidant system, NO synthesis, capability produce reactive oxygen species and response in neutrophils. For that purpose seven male divers performed an immersion at depth 40 m for 25 min. same parameters were measured after hyperbaric (HBO) treatment resting conditions chamber. Lymphocyte H2O2 production rose HBO treatment. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) catalase activities increased lymphocytes, while exposure only GPx...

Martínez, S, Pasquarelli, BN, Romaguera, D, Arasa, C, Tauler, P, and Aguiló, A. Anthropometric characteristics nutritional profile of young amateur swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 25(4): 1126-1133, 2011-The aim this study was to evaluate anthropometric profiles swimmers belonging semiprofessional teams. Thirty-six caucasian adolescent (22 boys 14 girls) participated voluntarily in the study. data, dietary intake, blood parameters were determined. Female had greater values triceps, suprailiac,...