Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is useful for intensifying a wide variety of industrial applications including biofuel production, emulsion preparation, and wastewater treatment. Venturi one the most widely used devices HC. Despite spread use, role interactions among various design operating parameters on generated not yet adequately understood. This article presents results computational investigation into characteristics different venturi designs over range conditions. Influence key geometric...

The interest in cavitating flow reactors has intensified recently, and a significant amount of research effort been focused on demonstrating the potential applications hydrodynamic cavitation. However, knowledge base design devices to optimize cavitation yield, performance, industrial scalability remains lacking. It is essential develop sound understanding key characteristics address these gaps. This work presents comprehensive experimental numerical investigation into behavior that feature...

Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is being increasingly used in a wide range of applications. Unlike ultrasonic cavitation, HC scalable and has been at large scale industrial However, no information about influence on performance available the open literature. In this work, we present for first time, experimental data use degradation complex organic pollutants water four different scales (~200 times scale-up terms capacity). Vortex based devices offer various advantages like early inception, high...

This paper details the numerical analysis of different vaned and vaneless radial inflow turbine stators. Selected results are presented from a test program carried out to determine performance differences between turbines with stators volutes under same operating conditions. A commercial computational fluid dynamics code was used develop models each configurations, which were validated using experimental results. From models, areas loss generation in identified compared, stator losses...

Abstract Vortex based hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) devices offer various advantages over conventional linear flow devices, such as early inception, low erosion risk, and higher cavitational yield. Despite several promising applications, the key underlying characteristics are not yet adequately understood. This article presents results of a computational investigation into in vortex devices. Multiphase fluid dynamics presented compared with experimental data on pressure drop range rates. The...

Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is being increasingly used for a wide range of applications including wastewater treatment. No systematic comparison pollutant degradation performance different HC devices available. In this work, the first time: basis comparing and five types based on linear swirling flows presented. 2,4-Dichloroaniline (DCA) was selected as model in water it contains multiple functional groups an aromatic ring. Experiments were performed at two values pressure drop across (100...

Not all mineral oil metalworking fluids (MWFs) in common use form stable airborne mists which can be sampled quantitatively onto a filter. This much has been known for some time but no simple method of identifying oils too volatile customary filter sampling developed. Past work was reviewed and experiments were done to select criteria would enable such identified. The efficiency range commercial MWF assessed by drawing clean air through spiked filters at 2 l. min(-1) periods up 6 h before...

An extensive experimental program has been carried out on a 135 mm tip diameter radial turbine using variety of stator designs, in order to facilitate direct performance comparisons varying vane solidity and the effect vaneless space. A baseline vaned was designed commercial blade design software, having 15 vanes trailing edge rotor leading radius ratio (Rte/rle) 1.13. Two additional series were manufactured; one numbers 12, 18, 24, 30, further with Rte/rle ratios 1.05, 1.175, 1.20, 1.25. As...

Computational fluid dynamic modelling was carried out on a series of pipe bends having R/ r values 1.3, 5, and 20, with the purpose determining accuracy numerical models in predicting pressure loss data from which to inform one-dimensional models. Four separate turbulence were studied: standard k—ε model, realizable k—ω Reynolds stress model (RSM). The results are presented for each bend form upstream downstream profiles, distributions along inner outer walls, detailed velocity fields as...

The measurement of semi-volatile hydrocarbons in workplace air is complicated by their readiness to condense form aerosols or adsorb on surfaces. diffusive sampling and analysis thermal desorption alkanes up hexadecane was investigated with the aim quantifying vapour from petroleum distillate fractions possibly differentiating particles oil mist measurements light mineral oil-based metalworking fluids. Diffusive uptake rates were measured Perkin Elmer tube samplers packed Tenax TA, potential...

An extensive experimental program has been carried out on a 135 mm tip diameter radial turbine using variety of stator designs, so as to facilitate direct performance comparisons varying vane solidity and the effect vane-less space. A baseline nozzle was designed commercial blade design software, having 15 vanes trailing edge rotor leading radius ratio (Rte/rle) 1.13. Two additional sets were manufactured; one set numbers 12, 18, 24 30, further with Rte/rle ratios 1.05, 1.175, 1.20 1.25. As...

Not all mineral oil metalworking fluids (MWFs) in common use form stable airborne mists which can be sampled quantitatively onto a filter. This much has been known for some time but no simple method of identifying oils too volatile customary filter sampling developed. Past work was reviewed and experiments were done to select criteria would enable such identified. The efficiency range commercial MWF assessed by drawing clean air through spiked filters at 2 l. min−1 periods up 6 h before...

This paper describes experimental and numerical investigations of the flow fields delivered to inlet a radial turbine rotor by vaned vaneless stators, what extent they influence stage performance. The work focussed on an 86mm 3 pairs housings, each pair having matching capacities. Static pressure measurements at were acquired, from these circumferential distributions directly compared. results used validate models study in greater detail. Both highlighted stators deliver higher level...

The experimental and numerical investigations of five different vaned stators for a radial turbine are reported. Three stator vane numbers three shapes were tested modelled. tests conducted at matched mass flow rates pressure ratios, using the same 86 mm diameter rotor, allowing direct comparison losses arising from each configuration. Stator number was found to have small impact on measured stage efficiency (less than 1%), while shape more significant effect (up 4%). A commercial CFD code...

The patterns and extent of exposure to rosin based solder flux fume have been investigated in two surveys a number individual site visits carried out by the UK Health Safety Executive (HSE). Determination was measurement airborne resin acid participate. Both static personal sampling over time periods ranging from 15 minutes several hours. Resin concentrations were found vary less than 1 μg m−3 2289μg m−3. effects various types local exhaust ventilation on observed. On-too I tip extraction...

The results of experiments to monitor the build up polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in quench oils during use are presented. Oils from four quenching baths at three heat treatment companies were sampled intervals over periods 6–18 months. Information was obtained operators on frequency topping oil, bath temperature and other relevant parameters. analysed quantitatively for PAR observe any changes concentrations relate operating conditions levels. expected increase PAH time not observed...