This paper provides an overview of the Internet Things (IoT) with emphasis on enabling technologies, protocols, and application issues. The IoT is enabled by latest developments in RFID, smart sensors, communication protocols. basic premise to have sensors collaborate directly without human involvement deliver a new class applications. current revolution Internet, mobile, machine-to-machine (M2M) technologies can be seen as first phase IoT. In coming years, expected bridge diverse enable...

Smart phones, tablets, and the rise of Internet Things are driving an insatiable demand for wireless capacity. This requires networking infrastructures to evolve meet needs current future multimedia applications. Wireless HetNets will play important role toward goal using a diverse spectrum provide high quality-of-service, especially in indoor environments where most data consumed. An additional tier concept is envisioned gigabit small-cells offer capacity it needed most. The use light as...

Visible light communication (VLC) has wide unlicensed bandwidth, enables in radio-frequency-sensitive environments, realizes energy-efficient data transmission, and the potential to boost capacity of wireless access networks through spatial reuse. On other hand, WiFi provides more coverage than VLC does not suffer from likelihood blockage due line-of-sight requirement VLC. In order take advantages both VLC, we propose implement two heterogeneous systems with Internet access. One is hybrid...

Caching at the base stations brings contents closer to users, reduces traffic through backhaul links, and delay experienced by cellular users. The network operator may charge content providers for caching their contents. Moreover, lose users if are not getting desired quality of service, such as maximum tolerable in Video on Demand services. In this paper, we study collaborative problem a multicell-coordinated system from point view minimizing total cost paid providers. We formulate an...

The expected widespread usage of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices and the associated diversity applications will place extra pressure on network resources including bandwidth availability. In networking within IoT, spectrum scarcity requires consideration adaptive cognitive radio (CR) technology to achieve interference-free on-demand IoT solutions for a number applications. However, CR networks share same security weaknesses legacy wireless networks. Jamming is considered common attack,...

Visible light communications (VLC) is emerging as a new alternative to the use of existing and increasingly crowded radio frequency (RF) spectrum. VLC unlicensed, has wide bandwidth, supports levels security due opacity walls, can be combined provide both lighting data for little net increase in energy cost. As part system, ideal downlink technology which are delivered from overhead luminaries receivers field. However, realizing symmetric optical channel problematic because most receivers,...

Software-Defined networking (SDN) is a paradigm to enable dynamic, flexible, and programmatically efficient configuration of networks revolutionize network control management via separation the plane data plane. The SDN technology has evolved in response demands from large centers toward all types networks, IoT, enterprise, ISP networks. On one hand, provided solutions for high-demand resources, managing unpredictable traffic patterns, rapid reconfiguration. It further used enhance...

Due to their distinctive features, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been recently exploited support a wide range of applications.The features include low maintenance cost, compact size, and excellent capability maneuvering.In particular, UAVs the potential capabilities different technologies such as Internet-of-things (IoT) devices, sensors, cameras, systems, thus, performing civilian, target tracking, industrial, military applications.Specifically, tracking has configured one most...

In this paper, we propose a new paradigm in designing and realizing energy efficient wireless indoor access networks, namely, hybrid system enabled by traditional RF access, such as WiFi, well the emerging visible light communication (VLC). VLC facilitates great advantage of being able to jointly perform illumination communications, little extra power beyond is required empower thus rendering with almost zero consumption. On other hand, when not from source, consumed could be more than that...

Abstract The vast majority of digital currency transactions rely on a blockchain framework to ensure quick and accurate execution. As such, understanding how works is vital the dynamics cryptocurrency operations. One key benefits this type system exhaustive records captured in given marketplace. interwoven movement between agents can effectively be expressed as graph via extraction historical data from blockchain. By looking at specific an interaction its agents, network representation...

Optical wireless communication (OWC) stands out as a potential enabling technology poised to drive the rapid deployment of sixth-generation (6G)-based indoor networks. However, one major limitations utilizing laser-based OWC in environments is non-availability line-of-sight (LoS) connectivity between communicating devices due blockages. To tackle problem LoS non-availability, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and optical intelligent reflecting surfaces (OIRS) are exhibited solutions. This...

The emergence of new physical media such as optical wireless and the ability to aggregate these with legacy networks motivate study heterogeneous network performance, especially respect design protocols best exploit characteristics each medium. We consider visible light communications (VLC), which is expected co-exist future radio frequency (RF) media. While most research on VLC has been done optimizing medium, higher layers only beginning gain attention, requiring analyses tools for...

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) provides an efficient solution for IoT as it brings the cloud services close to device. This works well devices with limited mobility. that are mobile by nature introduce a set of challenges MEC model. Challenges include security and efficiency aspects. Achieving mutual authentication device edge provider is essential protect from many threats. Also, data transmission when connecting new requires mobility among providers or centers. research paper proposes...

Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology is considered to be an integral part of large-scale and efficient deployment Internet-of-Things (IoT). More specifically, in mission-critical IoT applications, trust the data becoming increasingly important. Sensor nodes have limited processing, storage, communication capabilities, which make them susceptible attacks unreliable functioning. However, limitations energy resources sensors are a major challenge maximizing network’s lifetime. Grouping into...

The demand for intelligent networks and diversified computing applications is driving the need 6G communication networks. Additionally, innovative will impose stringent requirements that be difficult to satisfy with fixed, pre-deployed infrastructures. characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) make them an essential component outdoor indoor UAVs can form indoor-flying (IFNs) support infrastructure. This article introduces concept IFNs, covers application scenarios discusses enabling...

The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as an Internet-based extension and considerably changed our daily life. integration artificial intelligence (AI) machine learning (ML) into IoT networks the potential to enable automated responses improved decision-making capabilities. Nonetheless, administering large for experimental purposes is essential addressing practical research implications diverse AI/ML applications. One significant challenges researchers face scarcity testbeds that support...

Detecting unknown cyberattacks remains an open research problem and a significant challenge for the community security industry. This paper tackles detection of cybersecurity attacks in Internet Things (IoT) traditional networks by categorizing them into two types: entirely new classes (type-A) within already known (type-B). To address this, we propose novel multi-stage, multi-layer zero trust architecture intrusion system (IDS), uniquely designed to handle these attack types. The employs...

Existing literature studying the access point (AP)-user association problem of heterogeneous radio-optical networks either investigates quasi-static network selection or only considers vertical handover (VHO) dwell time from optical to radio. The assumption can result in outdated decisions for highly mobile scenarios. Solely focusing on radio ignores importance VHO optical. In this paper, we propose a flexible and holistic framework, that runs self-optimizing algorithm at centralized...

Advancements in machine learning and artificial intelligence have been widely utilised the security domain, including but not limited to intrusion detection techniques. With large training datasets of modern traffic, intelligent algorithms powerful tools, researchers able greatly improve on models enhance their ability detect malicious traffic more accurately. Nonetheless, problem detecting completely unknown attacks is still an open area research. The enormous number newly developed...

Blockchain is undoubtedly considered one of the most innovative technologies in financial services from past decade. Interests blockchain technology continue to grow on a daily basis, while many promising blockchain-enabled applications and draw interest industrial sector broader communities. has potential streamline lending banking, decrease counterparty risk, reduce settlement times issuance. It indeed enables authenticated documentation anti-money laundering (AML)/Know Your Client (KYC)...