The normal distribution (bell curve or Gaussian distribution) is a that happens commonly in many circumstances. Real-life data rarely, if ever, follow perfect distribution. Many tests are useful to test normality and more particularly skewness kurtosis assess the comparability of given from These widely used statistics, business, epidemiological including blood pressure, heights, IQ scores measurement errors. This report provides review assessing essential methods employed for testing...

Community pharmacists played an essential role in the control and management of COVID-19 pandemic; both pharmaceutical care community were affected, given that, patients' needs demands increased due to fear lockdowns shortage medication throughout pandemic.This study was based Lebanon aimed assess impact pandemic on (1) pharmacists, including infection rates, pay, working hours, (2) pharmacy practice, medicine personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages.A cross-sectional involving 120...

Many governments encouraged generic use to enhance health equality and minimise expenditure. The lack of knowledge acceptance medicines are the main barriers their use.

Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) intricately examines the visual, auditory, and kinesthetic representation systems, traversing transformative trajectory from superficial to profound linguistic structures. This comprehensive paradigm elucidates sophisticated cognitive processes through which brain interprets events, molding emotions behaviors filters such as values, beliefs, memories, decisions, meta-programs. As a potent catalyst for excellence success, NLP empowers individuals...

Background: Burnout, recognized by the World Health Organization as an occupational phenomenon, is prevalent among health workers, including pharmacists. It results from prolonged work-related stress, leading to cumulative emotional exhaustion that can impair cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses. This adversely impact interactions with coworkers clients, posing risks patient safety. In Lebanon, compounded effects of ongoing economic crisis recent conflicts may have intensified...

One of the adopted measures during Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in education is online modality, which can impact students' quality Life (QoL) and their academic performance. This cross-sectional study aims to assess on health-related QoL a sample 401 medical students. Most students attended all sessions, around 32% participated some them. Only 16.2% reported high satisfaction from almost 39% low satisfaction. Overall, had moderate QoL. Online affected psychologically more...

This study aims to assess children’s reasoning ability, namely following the crises in Lebanon, and identify those need. A pilot was conducted April-May 2023, targeting children between 6 11 attending grades 1 5. The sample (130 students) comprised more females (60.5%) than males (39.5%). score for simple pattern completion significantly higher among students aged 8-11 (9.58 over 11) their younger peers (8.38; p=0.007). showed statistically significant variation depending on student’s grade,...

The implementation of continuing education programs for pharmacists in Lebanon is emerging and needs to be further developed strengthened fill the gaps between knowledge acquisition its application workplace. This study examined perceptions pharmacist preferences barriers access programs. A crosssectional descriptive was undertaken with a convenience sample 142 who were surveyed their Almost 83.1% reported day-to-day workplace experiences best way learn. high cost (50%) time away from work...

Generic Drugs are copies of small chemical drugs identical to their reference drug by dose, form, safety, strength, mode administration, quality, performance, and intended purpose. They have been on the market for a long time abbreviated pathways be approved. Their development is more simple affordable than counterpart, which makes them widely used patients. More recently, biosimilars were introduced with strict regulations. highly similar large, complex molecules, known as biological drugs,...

Antibiogram use is crucial in the fight against antibiotic resistance Syria, helping to guide treatment decisions, monitor trends, and implement measures mitigate this global health threat. This study explores predictors of antibiogram performance patterns hospital settings Northern Syrian region.

Purpose: Academic pressures, the fear of failure, social expectations, and high expectations from parents or teachers can all contribute to performance-related stress anxiety in children. This study aims assess triggers encountered by primary schoolchildren examine interrelatedness between them characteristics students. Methods: A pilot cross-sectional targeted school children over two months. Two pharmacists a psychologist collected data using standardized survey. Students were asked their...

Lebanon's education system confronts significant obstacles from political instability, economic downturns, and inequalities among children, underscoring the urgency for interventions like Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP). This study posits that NLP techniques hold promise in equipping students with tools to surmount these hurdles enhance their intellectual capabilities. examines influence of on capacity abstract reasoning skills primary school children aged 6 11. Over four months, April...

INTRODUCTION: The unified medical prescription was implemented as a policy to decrease the overall health expenditures and increase use of generic drugs. main objective this study evaluate perception Lebanese physicians towards Prescription its impact on prescription. Additionally, an overview assessed concerning type drugs that tend more accept be substituted alternatives. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive conducted in Lebanon over period three months targeting their private clinics or...

Objectives: This study aims to assess (i) the health-related Quality of Life (QoL) medical students in Lebanon, (ii) its association with their general characteristics, and (iii) investigate combined effects predictors affecting quality life students. Methods: An observational cross-sectional was performed over three months, targeting 401 from six universities. The 36-item Short Form survey used quantify different QoL scores. Results: physical component (PC) domains had higher scores than...

The fast-developing multimorbidity is often a negative prognostic factor for disability, particularly among older populations, and associated with intellectual, psychological, social adverse outcomes. Practices must target patients complex adopt the principle of continuity care through routine extended consultations allowing protected time to manage problems encountered in chronic diseases. This brief communication presents some challenges solutions non-communicable disease multimorbidity....

Purpose. This study aims to evaluate schoolchildren's strengths and difficulties following crises. Methods. A pilot cross-sectional was carried out over two months (April – May 2023) using a standardized questionnaire for data collection. convenient sample of 130 students recruited from private school included in this study. comparison between groups on several factors: conduct problems, peer emotional score, hyperactivity, total scores. Bivariate analyses were conducted, which the dependent...

Background: The economic crisis imposed changes to afford necessities like food, housing, and healthcare, leading a decline in the physical mental health of population. Objectives: This study assessed impact on Lebanese adults’ health-related Quality Life (QoL) predictors lower scores. Methods: A cross-sectional targeted 561 adults using uniform questionnaire for data collection Short Form 8-item survey. Results: sample comprised 77.9% females 22.1% males. More than half reported decrease...

• An AI-centric migraine screening model was developed using 19 features. The dataset comprised 1095 students allocated for training, testing, and validation. exhibited superior 93% validation 94% test accuracies. AI demonstrated efficacy in risk among university students.

Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) has been applied in different sectors, including education, to help students develop their skills and overcome academic, social, behavioral triggers. Due limited empirical studies context-specific research, there are significant knowledge gaps understanding how which extent NLP can identify mitigate specific triggers for school difficulties, such as student engagement learning outcomes. This study aims assess the impact of applying on reducing behavioral,...

Generic substitutions practice is increasingly encouraged by health authorities. The use of cheaper generic drugs often promoted as a measure to reduce the care expenditure on pharmaceutical products, and save money patients well governments. current study aimed explore knowledge, perception, attitude physicians toward medicines in Lebanon potential barriers finally their confidence Lebanese pharmacist whole healthcare sector. A random sample 385 was recruited from different regions across...