Electronic junctions on edge Two-dimensional materials such as graphene are attractive for making smaller transistors because they inherently nanoscale and can carry high currents. However, has no band gap the “leaky”; that is, hard to turn off. Related transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) molybdenum sulfide have gaps. Transistors based these ratios of “on” “off” it is often difficult make a good voltage-biased (p-n) junction between different TMDC materials. Li et al. succeeded in p-n...

Polymer-based photovoltaic cells have been fabricated by inserting a thin, transparent, transition metal oxide layer between the transparent anode (indium tin oxide) and polymer layer. Two different oxides, namely vanadium molybdenum oxide, were used device performance was compared. The surface of films interface studied with help atomic force microscopy. effect thickness on electrical characteristics also optimized achieved to give high power conversion efficiency 3.3% under simulated...

Abstract The conductivity of a poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film can be enhanced by more than two orders magnitude adding compound with or polar groups, such as ethylene glycol, meso ‐erythritol (1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroxybutane), 2‐nitroenthanol, to an aqueous solution PEDOT:PSS. mechanism for this enhancement is studied, and new proposed. Raman spectroscopy indicates effect the liquid additive on chemical structure PEDOT chains, which suggests...

We proposed a simple yet robust film treatment method with methanol having only one hydroxyl group to enhance the conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) by four orders magnitude. Different methods treatment: immersing PEDOT:PSS in solution; dropping on film; and combination these are employed results compared. The films was enhanced from 0.3 S cm−1 1362 after methanol. Other alcohols like ethanol propanol were also used treat showed inferior...

We investigate the effect of interfacial buffer layers—vanadium oxide (V2O5) and cesium carbonate (Cs2CO3)—on performance polymer solar cells based on regioregular poly-(3-hexylthiophene) [6,6]-phenyl C60 butyric acid methyl ester blend. The polarity can be controlled by relative positions these two layers. Efficient inverted were fabricated with structure indium tin (ITO)/Cs2CO3/polymer blend/vanadium (V2O5)/aluminum (Al). Short-circuit current 8.42mA∕cm2, open-circuit voltage 0.56V, power...

Atomically thin molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) layers have attracted great interest due to their direct-gap property and potential applications in optoelectronics energy harvesting. Meanwhile, they are extremely bendable, promising for flexible electronics. However, the synthetic approach obtain large-area MoS2 atomic is still lacking. Here we report that wafer-scale can be obtained using MoO3 films as a starting material followed by two-step thermal process, reduction of at 500 °C hydrogen...

Abstract Recently, films created by incorporating metallic nanoparticles into organic or polymeric materials have demonstrated electrical bistability, as well the memory effect, when subjected to an bias. Organic and digital devices based on this bistable electronic behavior emerged a viable technology in field of electronics. These exhibit fast response speeds can form multiple‐layer stacking structures, demonstrating that possess high potential become flexible, ultrafast, ultrahigh‐density...

An all-organic electrically bistable device and its application in non-volatile memory is reported (see Figure). The switching mechanism attributed to electric-field-induced charge transfer from an organic electron donor acceptor, so that the switches a low- high-conductivity state. This provides new direction for data-storage technology based on composites.

We demonstrate bilayer source-drain (S-D) electrodes for organic thin film transistors (OTFT). The consists of a transition metal oxide (MoO3,WO3, or V2O5) layer and layer. layer, directly contacting the semiconducting serves as charge-injection overcoated is responsible conduction charge carriers. found that coupled between pentacene layers played an important role in improving field-effect transistor characteristics OTFTs. Devices with S-D showed enhanced hole-injection compared to those...

We proposed a facile film treatment with formic acid to enhance the conductivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) by 4 orders magnitude. The effect concentration on was investigated; increased fast increasing up 10 M and then slightly, highest being 2050 S cm–1 using 26 concentration. Formic treated PEDOT:PSS films also exhibited very high transmittances. mechanism enhancement explored through SEM, AFM, XPS. its dielectric constant screens charge...

We systematically investigated the effect of molecular weight additives on conductivity poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) by using different concentrations and weights polyethylene glycol (PEG) ethylene (EG). The enhancement depends both concentration PEG used. PEDOT:PSS was enhanced from 0.3 S cm−1 to 805 with 2% but only 640 6% EG. PEGs higher than 400 have too low mobility impart required screening effect, hence, is less. Through FTIR, XPS AFM...

The opening of an electrical band gap in graphene is crucial for its application logic circuits. Recent studies have shown that energy Bernal-stacked bilayer can be generated by applying electric displacement field. Molecular doping has also been proposed to open the breaking either in-plane symmetry or inversion symmetry; however, no direct observation reported. Here we discover organic molecule triazine able form a uniform thin coating on top surface graphene, which efficiently blocks...

For inorganic thermoelectric materials, Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity are interdependent, hence optimization of performance is challenging. In this work we show that PEDOT:PSS can be enhanced by greatly improving its in contrast to materials. Free-standing flexible smooth bulky papers were prepared using vacuum-assisted filtration. The was 640, 800, 1300, 1900 S cm–1 treating with ethylene glycol, polyethylene methanol, formic acid, respectively. did not significant...

Alkali metal halide additives chelate with Pb²⁺ ions during film formation promoting homogeneous nucleation, which greatly enhances the power conversion efficiency (15.08%) and stability (over 50 days) of planar perovskite solar cells.

Lead-free antimony based metal halide perovskites were used as photoactive materials in solar cell devices and exhibited maximum power conversion efficiency of 2.04%.

Atomically thin two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted much attention recently due to their unique electronic and optical properties for future optoelectronic devices. The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is able generate TMDCs layers with a scalable size controllable thickness. However, the TMDC monolayers grown by CVD may incorporate structural defects, it fundamentally important understand relation between photoluminescence defects. In this report,...

In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of perovskite film formation mechanism and highlight the important role nucleation/crystal growth in photovoltaics by using scalable solution deposition techniques.

An ideal nonbiofouling surface for biomedical applications requires both high-efficient antifouling characteristics in relation to biological components and long-term material stability from systems. In this study we demonstrate the performance of an with grafted zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA). The SBMA was a bromide-covered gold via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization form well-packed polymer brushes. Plasma protein adsorption on poly(sulfobetaine...

High-performance organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) with a nanoparticle composite dielectric layer have been demonstrated. The consists of cross-linked poly-4-vinylphenol (PVP) and high-dielectric titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Because the nanosize TiO2, it disperses well in solvent, which makes possible to use solution-processable methods prepare layer. OTFTs pentacene as semiconducting layers demonstrated; was found that nanocomposite higher field-induced current than...

Large-area graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a promising candidate for transparent conducting electrode applications in flexible optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes or organic solar cells. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer photovoltaic using pristine CVD anode still not appealing due to its much lower conductivity than that conventional indium tin oxide. We report layer-by-layer molecular doping process on forming sandwiched...

Grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy were performed on bulk heterojunction regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (RR-P3HT) [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl esters spin-cast films with different film processing conditions to correlate the crystalline nanostructure of P3HT corresponding solar cell performance. The increase in long wavelength absorption for solvent annealed is related highly conjugated crystal structure RR-P3HT phase-separated active layer. Upon...

Heterojunctions between different graphitic nanostructures, including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene-based sheets, have attracted significant interest for light to electrical energy conversion. Because of their poor solubility, fabrication such all-carbon nanocomposites typically involves covalently linking the individual constituents or extensive surface functionalization improve solvent processability mixing. However, strategies often deteriorate contaminate functional surfaces....

Zr-based porphyrin metal–organic framework (MOF-525) nanocrystals with a crystal size of about 140 nm are synthesized and incorporated into perovskite solar cells. The morphology crystallinity the thin film enhanced since micropores MOF-525 allow crystallization to occur inside; this observation results in higher cell efficiency obtained MOF/perovskite cell. As service our authors readers, journal provides supporting information supplied by authors. Such materials peer reviewed may be...