The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is widely recommended for perinatal anxiety and depression screening. However, many Aboriginal women find EPDS language complex confusing, providers using it with challenging. two part Kimberley Mum's Mood (KMMS) was developed to improve screening: Part 1 a version of EPDS; 2 psychosocial tool that enables contextualisation scores. We aimed determine if KMMS valid acceptable method identifying at risk or depressive disorders compared...

Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples (Indigenous Australians) smoke at much higher rates than non-Indigenous people smoking is an important contributor to increased disease, hospital admissions deaths in Indigenous populations. Smoking cessation programs Australia have not had the same impact on smokers as smokers. This paper describes outcome of a study that aimed test efficacy locally-tailored, intensive, multidimensional program. A randomised controlled trial...

In the induction of tissue-directed immune responses, cytokines tend to be released within affected tissues. We used two strategies expose tumor tissues continuous high levels cytokines: First, a vaccinia interleukin (IL)2 recombinant was injected directly intratumorally 3-weekly at 10(7) pfus/dose in six patients with solid malignant mesothelioma (MM). No virus excretion detectable. At each cycle vaccinia-IL-2 mRNA (SQ [semi-quantitative] reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction)...

Objectives: To compare the clinical outcomes and mortality rates of Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander people Kimberley origin receiving haemodialysis (HD) treatment with other subsets HD patients (Northern Territory, Western Australia excluding region, rest Australia) Australian non-Indigenous patients. Design, participants setting: Retrospective identification analysis secondary data from New Zealand Dialysis Transplant Registry; this group was compared 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2007....

Australian Aboriginal peoples and Torres Strait Islanders (Indigenous Australians) smoke at much higher rates than non-Indigenous people smoking is an important contributor to increased disease, hospital admissions deaths in Indigenous populations. Smoking cessation programs Australia have not had the same impact on smokers as smokers. This paper describes protocol for a study that aims test efficacy of locally-tailored, intensive, multidimensional program. parallel, randomised, controlled...

Despite high rates of perinatal depression and anxiety, little is known about how Aboriginal women in Australia experience these disorders the acceptability current clinical screening tools. In a 2014 study, Kimberley Mum's Mood Scale (KMMS) was validated as an acceptable anxiety tool for region Western Australia. we explored if it appropriate to trial validate KMMS with Pilbara. Yarning methodology used guide interviews 15 Pilbara who had received maternal child health care within last...

The effector function of activated CD4(+) T cells and secretion cytokines are important in the establishment productive immune responses tolerance. We identified expression by Notch receptors ligands enhanced signaling upon activation. Notch1 was up regulated co-localized with CD4 cell stimulation. Disruption did not affect proliferation, but attenuated cytokine following CD3 ligation absence anti-CD28 antibody. absolutely necessary for transcription IL-10 stimulated cells. transfected...

To describe service characteristics of Derby Aboriginal Health Service (DAHS) and document diabetes management activities intermediate clinical outcomes for patients with type 2 diabetes.Retrospective audit records ≥ 15 years old who had a confirmed diagnosis diabetes, received primary health care from DAHS at least 6 continuous months between 1 July 1999 30 June 2009, resided in the area were not on renal replacement therapy.Electronic blood pressure (BP), glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c))...

There is limited evidence regarding the best approaches to helping Indigenous Australians stop smoking. The composite analysis of only two smoking cessation randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating this suggests that one-on-one extra support delivered by and provided in a primary health care setting appears be more effective than usual encouraging cessation. This paper describes lessons learnt from one these studies, Be Our Ally Beat Smoking (BOABS) Study, how develop implement an...

Objectives To determine if point-of-care (POC) glycated haemoglobin (HbA 1c ) is sufficiently accurate in real-world remote settings to predict or exclude the diagnosis of diabetes based on laboratory HbA measurements. Design Cross-sectional study comparing POC capillary results with corresponding venous levels measured a reference laboratory. Participants Aboriginal patients ≥15 years old who were due for screening at participating clinics invited participate. Two hundred and fifty-five...

To describe the first foods of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infants young children who were recruited to a nutrition promotion anaemia prevention program conducted from 2010 2012, in six remote communities across northern Australia.Food records (24-hour diet history, food variety checklist) completed on recruitment by interview with parent or carer. Cross-sectional analysis assessed proportion participants consuming recommended not-recommended drinks meeting recommendations for meal...

Management of chronic disease, including diabetes, is a central focus most Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services (ACCHSs) in Australia. We have previously demonstrated that diabetes monitoring and outcomes can be improved maintained over 10-year period at Derby Service (DAHS). While continuous quality improvement (CQI) has been shown to improve service delivery rates clinical outcome measures, the process interpreting audit results developing strategies for less well described....

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common antenatal complication in Australia. All pregnant women are recommended for screening by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). As part of a study to improve screening, 694 from 27 regional, rural and remote clinics were recruited 2015–2018 into Optimisation Rural Clinical Haematological Indicators Diabetes pregnancy (ORCHID) study. Most routine OGTT samples analysed more than four hours post fasting collection (median 5.0 h, range 2.3...

Problem: Adhoc culturally questionable perinatal mental-health screening among Aboriginal women in the Kimberley. Background: Mental-health issues, substance abuse and suicide attempts are high young Australia. There is no evidence that Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) effective or safe. Screening practices complicated by limited understanding of complex cultural interface between Western beliefs notions about health mental-health. Question: What current context Kimberley what...

For decades Indigenous peoples have argued for health research reform claiming methods used and results obtained often reflect the exploitative history of colonisation. In 2006 Kimberley Aboriginal Health Planning Forum (KAHPF) Research Subcommittee (hereafter, Subcommittee) was formed to improve processes in remote region north Western Australia. This paper explores major perceptions, attitudes concerns stakeholders Subcommittee. Qualitative analysis carried out on data retrospectively...

Abstract Objective To quantify screening rate for gestational diabetes mellitus and completion of oral glucose tolerance test in rural remote Western Australia. Design participants Retrospective audit 551 antenatal records from women 16 years older without pre‐existing with singleton pregnancies delivered 2013. Main outcome measures Number recorded screened second or third trimester using other tests; rate. Results Only 278 (50.5%) were test; 113 (20.5%) had no record any related to...

Objectives: To determine whether a combination of point-of-care (POC) and laboratory glycated haemoglobin A (HbA1c) testing (HbA1c algorithm) is more effective in for diabetes everyday practice remote Australian Aboriginal primary health care, by providing rapid definitive result diagnosing cases than the standard glucose algorithm. Design: Cross-sectional study that independently classified participants using both diagnostic algorithms compared their outcomes. Participants: Two hundred...

To determine the utility of point-of-care (POC) capillary blood glucose measurements in diagnosis and exclusion diabetes usual practice primary health care remote areas.

Lifestyle modification can improve the health of people with or at risk non-communicable diseases; however, initiating and maintaining positive behaviours including healthy eating physical activity is challenging. Young remote Aboriginal who had successfully made significant lifestyle changes were sought out to explore how they achieved this success. Four men aged 20⁻35 years identified consented participate. Their perceptions motivation for change, strategies, facilitators barriers explored...

This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Kimberley Aboriginal people with type 2 diabetes managed by remote Community Controlled Health Services using phenomenological analysis. Semi-structured interviews formulated Workers, researchers and other clinicians were used obtain qualitative data from 13 adult patients in two communities Kimberley. Together expert opinion local Workers clinicians, information was develop strategies improve management. Of 915 regular communities, 27%...

To assess the use, effectiveness and acceptance of prescribed contraception in three remote Western Australian Aboriginal communities.Mixed method study, including retrospective file review methods for 566 regular female patients, 1 November 2010 - September 2014, semi-structured interviews with 20 women.Primary care clinics communities.Number episodes contraceptive continuation rates use; personal experiences, attitudes towards beliefs about options.34% women had used contraception, ranging...

To assess whether early pregnancy HbA