Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is known to require a suitable carrier induce ectopic bone formation in vivo. Hydroxyapatite ceramics have been reported be effective some forms but ineffective others as of BMP-induced formation. In this study we compare three geometrically different hydroxyapatite examine their functions carriers A fraction containing all the active BMPs (BMP cocktail) was partially purified from 4M guanidine extract bovine by three-step chromatographic procedure. The BMP...

Redox treatments of an orthorhombic Mo29V11O112 catalyst (MoVO) were conducted and its crystal structure, microporosity, catalytic activity investigated. TPR TG revealed that MoVO evolved two kinds lattice oxygen (α-oxygen β-oxygen) from the structure by reduction treatment. In early stage reduction, α-oxygen was causing expansion micropore channel. With further atoms in pentagonal [Mo6O21]6– unit moved toward channel, resulting a decrease size. Expansion drastically increased for selective...

Collisional merging formation of field-reversed configurations (FRCs) at super Alfvenic velocity have been successfully initiated in the FAT-CM device Nihon University. It is experimentally evidenced that quiescent FRC profile formed a self-organizational manner after distructive disturbances by collision two translated magnetized plasmoids. A drastic increase excluded flux compared to theta-pinch section has also observed. This process an important role realizing based high-beta reactor...

The super-Alfvénic acceleration of an extremely high beta plasmoid due to a magnetic pressure gradient is evidenced in translation experiments involving the field-reversed configuration (FRC) FRC amplification via translation-collisional merging (FAT-CM) device. Inside FRC, there population unmagnetized particles that forms volume with beta. Formed using theta pinch method, accelerated and injected into quasi-static confinement field weaker than formation fields. Because nonzero axial speed...

Abstract Self-organized field-reversed configuration (FRC)-like formation was observed after the super-sonic/Alfvénic collisional merging of two FRCs in FAT-CM device at Nihon University. In this experiment, were generated initially separate theta-pinch type regions. Those regions are coaxially connected to opposite ends a cylindrical confinement chamber. The formed oppositely-translated and collide middle chamber velocity. During collision, merged plasmoid experiences destructive...

Journal Article Time-Dependent Expression of Bone Sialoprotein Fragments in Osteogenesis Induced by Morphogenetic Protein Get access Daiji Kobayashi, Kobayashi *Department Oral Surgery II, School Dentistry, Hokkaido UniversityKita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060 Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Hiroko Takita, Takita †Department Biochemistry, Morimichi Mizuno, Mizuno Yasunori Toteuka, Toteuka Yoshlnori Kuboki 2 2To whom correspondence should be...

Abstract. During the period of scientific campaign "Arctic Study Tropospheric Aerosols, Clouds and Radiation 2004" (ASTAR2004), precipitation samples were collected in late spring at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard their ionic components analyzed parallel with measurement properties atmospheric aerosol particles same place. Backward trajectory analyses indicated that air mass above observatory initially dominated by masses from Arctic Ocean, then those western Siberia later Greenland Ocean. In period,...

Rapid magnetic reconnection was experimentally observed to occur within a microsecond timescale, leading the field-reversed configuration (FRC) comprising single closed field structure. The compressibility of plasma FRC played crucial role in accelerating coalescence process, making it considerably faster than resistive process. A strong similarity between experimental results and those solar flare loops indicates that astrophysical phenomena laboratory plasmas are governed by common physics.

An internal magnetic probe array has been developed to observe the three components of field simultaneously in vicinity collision surface two colliding plasmoids at supersonic/Alfvénic velocity. Collisional-merging formation a field-reversed configuration (FRC) conducted (FRC Amplification via Translation-Collisional Merging) device Nihon University. Significant plasma heating and an increase trapped poloidal flux have observed during/after collisional-merging process FAT-CM device. In this...

A double-chord ion Doppler spectroscopy (IDS) system was developed to measure the temperature and flow velocity of field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas in FRC amplification via a translation-collisional merging (FAT-CM) device. Adopting Czerny–Turner mount monochromator 16-channel photomultiplier tube array, IDS achieves high wavelength resolution fast time response. In addition, two vertically aligned optical paths share up then branch just before detector, successfully reducing...

In order to investigate the collisional merging process of field-reversed configurations (FRCs), FAT device has recently been upgraded FAT-CM, consisting two theta-pinch (FRTP) formation sections and confinement section. Collisional FRCs causes a conversion kinetic energy mostly thermal ion energy, resulting in an increase pressure that greatly expands FRC size/volume. This size is observed by magnetic diagnostics region, leading excluded flux; on side note, these characteristics/phenomena...

Previously, the collisional merging formation of FRCs has been developed to generate high performance FRCs. A drastic increase in excluded flux and total temperature were observed generated with this technique; furthermore, these phenomena strongly depend on translation velocity individual plasmoids. However, dependence merged-FRC not studied detail. To study dependence, effect installed auxiliary coils region FAT-CM device evaluated by simulation a two-dimensional resistive...

Collisional merging formation of field-reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas at supersonic velocities was performed using the FRC amplification via translation-collisional device. Supersonic collisional is a novel technique to form an that long-lived compared conventional initial FRC; however, this requires measuring plasma parameters multiple points simultaneously because dynamic translation/merging process. Herein, we have developed new interferometer and observed behavior FRCs in...

In this study, a newly developed correction method with external magnetic measurements for the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation of collisional merging formation field-reversed configuration (FRC) realized estimation internal structure FRCs without invasive measurements. FRCs, an FRC is formed via two initial FRC-like plasmoids at supersonic/Alfvénic velocity. An diagnostic may also interfere process. A two-dimensional resistive MHD was conducted to evaluate global behavior and in...

Energy flow in the collisional merging process of a field-reversed configuration (FRC) was experimentally evaluated. Collisional formation an FRC carried out FAT-CM (FRC amplification via translation-collisional merging) device. In this experiment, theta-pinch formed FRC-like plasmoids are accelerated due to magnetic pressure gradient. Then, two collide at relative speed ∼300 km/s, which is faster than typical Alfvén and ion sound speeds (∼50 km/s) on separatrix. The kinetic internal energy...

A visible light tomographic imaging system has been developed for the collisional merging experiment of field-reversed configurations (FRCs) on FRC Amplification via Translation-Collisional Merging device at Nihon University. Two FRCs formed by theta-pinch translate super-Alfvénic velocity and collide with each other. The translation collision processes are completed in 20-30 µs, a single is reformed ∼70 µs. To study these processes, system, including fast response cameras reconstruction...

In semiconductor and optics fields, some devices are constructed with layered systems including two or three individual layers. Measurement of polarization properties the components these is often desired. this paper, we present methods allowing simultaneous extraction parameters by analyzing spectroscopic Mueller matrices (measured at wavelengths). We have studied both retarder-retarder retarder-polarizer-retarder systems. The validities were successfully tested using simulations real

Abstract The radial motion of a field-reversed configuration (FRC) during translation at supersonic/Alfvénic speed was effectively suppressed by the global gyro-effect induced toroidal flow. In magnetohydrodynamic approximation, an FRC is inherently unstable against motions such as tilt and wobble. Surprisingly, magnetic structure remained intact even speeds exceeding ion sonic Alfvén speeds, despite presence motions. Optical observations were conducted on flow translated FRCs under various...

Abstract This study successfully developed a refueling technique for field-reversed configuration (FRC) via axial plasmoid injection and demonstrated it on the FAT-CM device at Nihon University. The target FRC is generated using collisional-merging formation combined with conical theta-pinch formation. Plasmoids an FRC-like are coaxially injected from both ends of toward preexisting FRC. Postinjection, system achieves equilibrium, resulting in increases by factors 1.8 2.4 total inventory...

To understand the temperature, magnetic field, and angular dependence of critical current density, <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J</i> <sub xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> ( xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</i> , xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">B</i> xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">θ</i> ), (Bi, Pb) xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Sr Ca Cu...

The valence-band electronic structures of high-pressure-phase PdF2-type (HP-PdF2-type) platinum-group metal dioxides MO2 (M = Ru, Rh, Ir, and Pt) were studied by synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy first-principles calculations. obtained spectra for HP-PdF2-type RuO2, RhO2, IrO2 agree well with the calculated densities states (DOSs) these compounds, indicating their metallic properties, whereas DOS PtO2 (calculated in presence absence spin–orbit interactions) predicts that this...

The accumulation and behavior of impurities is one the most important subjects in development magnetically confined fusion reactors because can potentially cause cooling worsen confinement hot core plasma. Tracer-encapsulated solid pellets (TESPELs) have demonstrated some results for impurity injection fusion-reactor plasma studies [N. Tamura et al., J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 823, 012003 (2017)]. However, TESPEL technique has several shortcomings, example, penetration depth amounts tracer...

The collisional merging experiments of the field-reversing configuration (FRC) at supersonic/Alfvénic velocities have been performed in FRC Amplification via Translation-Collisional Merging device only Japan. This experiment may excite shockwaves and cause particle acceleration. To obtain supporting evidence acceleration by shockwaves, we proposed to observe neutrons originating from D–D fusion reaction accelerated non-thermal particles. A plastic scintillation detector has developed for...

Studying impurity behavior in a magnetically confined plasma is essential for fusion reactor developments. A tracer-containing compact toroid (TCCT) injection have been developed as new tracer technique studying accumulation and plasmas. We generated ejected the TCCT using (CT) injector that had successfully demonstrated CT fueling into large field-reversed configuration (FRC). Tracer ions, e.g., tungsten, copper, aluminum, are supplied by an independently controlled source attached to...