A diesel dual-fuel engine uses two fuels designed to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. Generally, specific fuel engines has increased. However, in combination with alternative fuels, namely compressed natural gas injected through air intake, use can be reduced. using a increases equivalent ratio; therefore, and mixture becomes richer because entering cylinder during intake stroke is partially replaced by gas. This results incomplete combustion exhaust emissions, particularly...

AA6061-T651 material joints produced by friction stir welding (FSW) were analysed in this study. The analysis was conducted to determine the effect of concave shoulder angle (CSA) tool on mechanical and fractographic properties. properties studied included impact strength (IS) hardness (HS), while fractography fracture microstructure. experiments used a Taguchi L16 (44) orthogonal array done thrice. best parameters then four times for confirmation. research findings confirmed that change CSA...

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is an aircraft that can be controlled remotely or flown automatically. Nowadays, the use of UAVs extensive, not only limited to military field but also in civilian tasks such as humanitarian search and rescue (SAR) tasks, railroad inspections, environmental damage inspections. Therefore, study on UAV becomes essential answer challenges its increasingly widespread use. This explores addition a blended winglet swept-back wing UAV. It predict effect aerodynamic...

Tangentially fired boilers have a burner system within single actuator group and SOFA that controls the fuel air distribution to generate boiler combustion in furnace. The goal of this study was determine optimal by statistically examining effect changes angles on response rear pass temperature NOx concentration tangentially burned boilers. (1) Tilting +30⁰, +15⁰, 0⁰, –15⁰, –30⁰, (2) tilting yawing –8⁰, +8⁰, +15⁰ were used study. GA (Genetic Algorithm) approach CFD software utilized optimize...

In this study, a control moment gyroscope is used as an actuator to stabilize the inverted pendulum. A strategy proposed pendulum at upright unstable equilibrium point and maintain gimbal angle small possible. Such problem formulated constrained H ∞ disturbance attenuation then transformed into solving linear matrix inequalities. The performance of controller evaluated through simulation for nonlinear cases. It shown that state-feedback effectively stabilizes

The 3-PUU (Prismatic and Universal joints) translational parallel machine is one of the three-degree-of-freedom (DOF) manipulators, which was previously introduced by Tsai & Joshi in 2002. Since it performs 3-DOF pure translation motion, this mechanism can be used as a welding robot that only needs to move manner. This paper discusses kinematics singularity analysis composed three identical PUU limbs. A constraint equation computed based on algebraic geometry method, solves forward...

Abstract The use of CNG on dual fuel diesel engines causes a decrease in engine performance, combustion and increased emissions, especially at low loads, which is affected by the addition ignition delay period so that maximum peak away from top dead center (TDC). Pilot injection timing acts as an controller. This research was carried out using experimental method diesel/CNG single-cylinder to determine process emissions characteristics with variation pilot 11 0 19 BTDC interval 2 . results...

Polymer material is now widely used to replace metal materials. One of the most common processes form polymers injection molding machine process. Unfortunately, relationship between parameters and quality results this process quite complex not yet known certainly that predict which still based on established difficult do. Back propagation neural network (BPNN) an algorithm in artificial proposed research result tensile strength impact biocomposite some such as barrel temperature, pressure,...

Setting parameters in the injection molding machine play an important role to quality of cable ties product. They affect not only number rejection products but also their tensile yield strength. The goal this study is obtain a combination process such as nozzle temperature, pressure, flow, and switch-over holding which results optimal observed response using Back Propagation Neural Network-Genetic Algorithm (BPNN-GA). In study, 4-8-8-1 BPNN model was applied predict based on random...

An early detection control system for high-speed and objectivity welding defects is needed. Visual Inspection (VT) an important method the initial stage before a welded material will be tested at destructive testing. So far, VT has only used human vision, which takes protracted process highly subjective. This paper contribute to Friction Stir Welding (FSW) by detecting flash defect using image processing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Thus, in FSW can minimised detected as possible....

This study aims to determine the effect of concave shoulder angle FSW tool on heat generation rate and temperature simulation results. The used in this is with straight cylindrical geometry, tapered cylinder, hexagonal, square. Calculation carried out for all tools, then optimal one selected simulated. process calculating using Taguchi method has 4 factors, each which levels. factors are rotation speed, welding angle, tilt response. weld joint. results indicate that influence very...

The availability of liquid fossil fuels is dwindling. Alternative for CNG and CPO biodiesel that can be used in DF engines are the solution. However, use this fuel has reduced engine performance increased CO HC emissions. In addition, as ignition a parameter not been developed previous studies so it requires adjustment under standard conditions. Pilot injection timing (PIT) critical starting combustion sequential models engine. This study aims to determine effect PIT using on increasing...

Pertahanan negara pada hakikatnya adalah segala upaya pertahanan yang bersifat semesta didasarkan kesadaran atas hak dan kewajiban warga serta keyakinan kekuatan sendiri dengan tujuan untuk menjaga melindungi kedaulatan negara, keutuhan wilayah NKRI keselamatan segenap bangsa. Salah satu alat pendukung yaitu senjata laras panjang, Turret-Gun. Adapun langkah-langkah dilakukan dalam merancang pengendali PID Turret-Gun kaliber 20mm ini diawali studi literatur lapangan mengenai mekanisme...

A computer-assisted preoperative simulating system for calcaneal collapse's internal fixation surgery by integrating different CAD software's function has been developed in this paper.This uses the full-scaled 3D reverse engineering technique designing and developing simulation modules surgery.The presents a real-sized image of calcaneus, provides detailed interior measurements calcaneus from various cutting planes.This study applied technology to integrate surgical system, which includes...

Recently, plastic product becomes an integral parts of humans daily life. Its use also varies, from vehicle material, electrical appliances, household appliances to medical equipment. Plastic is part polymer which easy processed and can be combined with another material into new composite called Polymer Matrix Composites (PMC). Currently, PMC made by synthetic fiber less environmental friendly very expensive. Therefore, it necessary find a solution resolve the issue.

Coal, as the main fuel of boiler, has a very significant effect on combustion characteristics and heat absorption in boiler. Variations coal specifications require regulation boiler operating parameters to improve efficiency prevent failure tubes. The purpose this study is validate simulation model CFD software for 1x625 MWe capacity according performance test data. This model, then, used find out temperature data rear pass area deviation between left right sides Then, output compared with...

This study proposes an innovative sphere-like tool for polishing process in the machining center. It can be applied not only z-axis rotation but also spinning so that multidirectional performed simultaneously. One of important parameters is force. should constant to prevent over or under polishing. In this paper, sliding control theory proposed achieve Polishing was modeled as a single degree freedom mechanical system including mass, spring, and damper. Control law has been determined based...