The purpose of this study was to investigate the formant frequencies and amplitudes a wide age range children one group adults at three sound pressure levels (SPLs). Subjects were ten females males in following groups (in years): 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, adults. A sustained /a/ produced times by each subject. Formant obtained using linear predictive coding analysis. measured from highest amplitude harmonic area formant. In addition established trends previously published other studies,...

Purpose The purpose of the present investigation was to examine acoustic voice changes across life span. Previous production investigations used small numbers participants, had limited age ranges, and produced contradictory results. Method Voice recordings were made from 192 male female participants 4–93 years age. Acoustic measures fundamental frequency (F0), sound pressure level (SPL), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) made. Coefficients variation for F0, SPL, SNR served as variability....

To examine the effects of cognitive-linguistic deficits and respiratory physiologic changes on support for speech in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) using two tasks: reading extemporaneous speech.Five women PD, 9 men 14 age- sex-matched control participants read a passage spoke extemporaneously topic their choice at comfortable loudness. Sound pressure level, syllables per breath group, rate, lung volume parameters were measured. Number formulation errors, disfluencies, filled...

The Embodied Cognition Framework maintains that understanding actions requires motor simulations subserved in part by premotor and primary regions. This hypothesis predicts disturbances to these regions should impair comprehension of action verbs but not non-action verbs. We evaluated the performances 10 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) normal comparison (NC) participants on a semantic similarity judgment task included four classes two were tested both ON OFF medication. most salient...

Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit differences in displacement and velocity of the articulators as compared older adults. The purpose current study was to examine effects 3 loudness cues on articulatory movement patterns individuals PD.Nine diagnosed idiopathic PD 9 age- sex-matched healthy controls produced sentences 4 conditions: (a) comfortable loudness, (b) targeting 10 dB above comfortable, (c) twice loud (d) background noise. Lip jaw kinematics acoustic measurements were...

Purpose The present study examines the impact of typical aging and Parkinson’s disease (PD) on relationship among breath pausing, syntax, punctuation. Method Thirty young adults, 25 typically older 15 individuals with PD participated. Fifteen participants were age- sex-matched to PD. Participants read a passage aloud 2 times. Utterance length, location pauses relative punctuation number disfluencies mazes measured. Results Older adults produced shorter utterances, smaller percentage breaths...

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact expiratory muscle strength training on speech breathing and functional outcomes in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).Twelve PD were seen once a week for 8 weeks: 4 pretraining (baseline) sessions followed by 4-week period. Posttraining data collected at end 4th training. Maximum pressure, an indicator strength, lung volume initiation primary outcome measures. Secondary included termination, excursion, utterance length, vocal...

Telehealth is increasing popular as a treatment option for people with Parkinson disease (PD). The SpeechVive device wearable that uses the Lombard effect to help patients speak more loudly, slowly, and clearly. This study sought examine effectiveness of improve communication in PD, delivered over telehealth modality compared in-person, using implementation science design. 66 PD were enrolled 12 weeks 34 choosing in-person group 32 group. Participants assessed pre-, mid-, post-treatment....

Porcine-derived xenogeneic extracellular matrix (ECM) has been successfully used as a scaffold for tissue repair and reconstruction in numerous preclinical animal studies human applications. These scaffolds are completely rapidly degraded replaced by host-derived tissues that frequently mimic the original composition architecture. The purpose of present study was to examine morphology ECM after their use laryngeal reconstruction. Thirty adult female dogs were subjected partial...

The present study examines the effect of normal aging on respiratory support for speech when utterance length is controlled.Fifteen women (M = 71 years age) and 10 men 73 produced 2 sentences different lengths in 4 loudness conditions while kinematics were measured. Measures included those related to lung volume chest wall movements.Data from older adults compared with previously published data 30 young adults. A significant Age x Sex was demonstrated. Older at higher volumes than younger...

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether different cues increase loudness in speech result internal targets (or goals) for respiratory movement and neural control system is sensitive changes speaker's target. This examined mechanisms during 30 young adults at comfortable level increased levels. Increased elicited using three methods: asking subjects target a specific sound pressure level, speak twice as loud comfortable, noise. All conditions resulted similar increases ....

Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) demonstrate low vocal intensity (hypophonia) which results in reduced speech intelligibility. We examined the effects of three cues to increase loudness on respiratory support individuals PD. Kinematic data from rib cage and abdomen were collected using plethysmography while participants read a short passage. PD normal age- sex-matched controls (OC) increased sound pressure level (SPL) similar extent. As compared OC, used larger volume excursions all...

Objectives Nasality ratings from experienced and inexperienced listeners were compared to accelerometric measures using the Horii Oral Nasal Coupling (HONC) Index determine if one group's are more closely related HONC measures. The reliability of listener was studied had better than listeners. influence phonetic content analyzed learn sentences with stop consonants yielded higher correlations scores containing glides. Design Experienced listeners’ hypernasality correlated for two nonnasal...

Purpose Examination of movement parameters and consistency has been used to infer underlying neural control movement. However, there no systematic investigation whether the way individuals are asked (or cued) increase loudness alters articulation. This study examined different cues elicit louder speech induce lip jaw or consistency. Method Thirty healthy young adults produced two sentences (a) at comfortable loudness, (b) while targeting 10 dB SPL above on a sound level meter, (c) twice...

Purpose This study examined the response of respiratory system to 3 cues used elicit increased vocal loudness determine whether effects cueing, shown previously in sentence tasks, were present connected speech tasks and describe differences among tasks. Method Fifteen young men 15 women produced a 2-paragraph reading passage 4 different cues: comfortable level, targeting 10 dB above comfortable, at what they perceived as twice their loudness, with multitalker noise background. A short...

Measurements of body sounds on the skin surface have been widely used in medical field and continue to be a topic current research, ranging from diagnosis respiratory cardiovascular diseases monitoring voice dosimetry. These measurements are typically made using light-weight accelerometers and/or air-coupled microphones attached skin. Although normally neglected, air-borne generated by subject or other sources background noise can easily corrupt such recordings, which is particularly...

This study examined the relationship between swallowing and lung volume initiation in healthy adults during single swallows of boluses differing consistency. Differences according to respiratory phase surrounding swallow were also assessed.Nine men 11 women ages 19 28 years served as participants. Lung data recorded each participant completed 5 trials 10-mL 20-mL water by cup, thin thick paste spoon, presented randomized order.Significant differences at found based on bolus consistency but...

Background: Cough is a defensive behavior that can be initiated in response to stimulus the airway (reflexively), or on command (voluntarily). There evidence suggest physiological differences exist between reflex and voluntary cough; however, output (mechanistic airflow) cough types are not fully understood. Therefore, aims of this study were determine lung volume, respiratory kinematic, airflow healthy young adults. Methods: Twenty-five participants (14 female; 18-29 years) recruited for...