This paper addresses challenges of identifying, enrolling, and retaining participants in a trial conducted within routine care setting. All patients who are potential candidates for the treatments clinical practice should be considered eligible pragmatic trial. To ensure generalizability, recruited sample have similar distribution treatment effect modifiers as target population. In practice, this can best achieved by including-within selected sites-all without further selection. If relevant...

Pragmatic trials may deliver real-world evidence on the added value of new medications compared with usual care and inform decision making earlier in development. This fifth paper a series pragmatic Journal discusses as comparator allocation treatment strategies. The implementation strategies should resemble clinical practice closely possible. Randomization at level site, opposed to individual level, be preferred. Data analysis according intention-to-treat principle is recommended, crossover...

The link between mass media systems and politics is widely acknowledged has been confirmed by a significant amount of research. However, the degree this tie forms that it can take vary significantly according to different national contexts. By conducting comparative analysis centred on three cases in United Kingdom, Germany Italy, study addresses overlap from dual perspective: politicization public service broadcasting permeability political system for media-related personalities or...

In light of increasing attention towards the use real-world evidence (RWE) in decision making recent years, this commentary aims to reflect on experiences gained accessing and using RWE for comparative effectiveness research as a part Innovative Medicines Initiative GetReal Consortium discuss their implications decision-making.

This comparative study aims to better understand the natural link between democracy and media systems, a that is, paradoxically, as strong it is delicate. The research analyzes two cases, UK Italy, with purpose of clarifying different ways in which pluralism can be pursued achieved. reveals although nearly all main European TV networks rely on public–private structure, significant differences arise how this structure takes shape policy outcomes according context. Furthermore, by presenting...

The celebritisation of politics is a process that depends on both the mass media’s need to find new stories cover and stars build, politicians’ for forms visibility reach their constituency. This article aims provide an overview through which celebratisation has occurred developed in Italy. By referring variety qualitative data, some specificities characterise Italian transition towards celebritised will be highlighted analysed. In fact, whereas members one two main party coalitions –...

Public service broadcasting is the terrain par excellence within today’s media systems on which political power and logic interact overlap. This study will argue that public politicization arising in certain democratic regimes cannot be effectively explained if attention uncritically paid to same theoretical grounds upon scholars rely corresponding phenomenon West. By relying content legal analysis of proceedings concerning five terrestrial channels by Broadcasting Complaint Commission South...

Modern politicians need to diversify their communication strategies reach a wide range of citizens/electors. Communication political programmes must be associated with the effective private sphere. However, does this rule apply scenario in which stage is not ruled by politicians? By presenting results content analysis four Italian tabloids and relying on an interview officer former premier, study shows how popularization develops era technocrat. The authors claim that search for ‘mediated...

The concept of political parallelism identifies the different forms in which media and politics can interact. However, partisanship has always been almost exclusively limited to news media. This study shows that Italian system is at center a significant change, regard way mass works develops. Due structural reasons, Italy’s crosses threshold seems fully apply popular as well. politicization investigated through content analysis Berlusconi-owned Chi (the most read magazine Italy with 3.5...

Despite improvements in technology and the proliferation of broadcasting possibilities, public service remains one pivotal pillars upon which today's media systems are built rely. Nevertheless, it continues to face heavy pressure from political, governmental economic actors. This study will attain two objectives by discussing results a content analysis South African civil society organisations' online archives, documentary legislation, three semi-structured interviews with Africa's...

It is widely acknowledged that present-day politicians are becoming celebrities. This causes significant effects on the way printed and audiovisual media outlets have started covering them. In fact, political leaders’ private lives increasingly scanned by gossip magazines entertainment TV programmes, whose coverage contributes to feed people’s interest over personal sphere. However, as shown in this case study, Italy phenomenon seems develop a peculiar way. First, spite of fact both share...

Political television advertising is becoming an important feature of democratic elections and essential to election campaign strategies.In this article we take a close look at the role South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) playing in new era political ushered 2009.We focus our analysis on banning by SABC advertisements two major opposition parties before 2014 elections.The country's regulator, Independent Communications Authority Africa (Icasa) upheld decision when filed...

Italy’s Partito Democratico has for a long time been characterized by rigid mechanisms of leadership selection. Prior to Renzi’s ascent leadership, no leader had managed rise power without being backed up the party’s key figures. By undertaking content analysis most important entertainment magazine, Chi, and comparing Matteo coverage with received another three leading figures, Pier Luigi Bersani, Massimo D’Alema Enrico Letta, this article argues that when demand political innovation is...

Populism is being increasingly studied by political and social scientists. This article pays particular attention to the way in which ‘people’ can be approached appealed their leaders. In particular, undertaking a content analysis of two most read daily newspapers Italy, relying on technique correspondence analysis, this shows that fully understand phenomenon populism, ‘the people’ are leaders cannot left aside. doing so, empirically analyses discusses three dimension populism contributes...

For the vast majority of citizens in today’s advanced democracies, media, particular traditional represent only window that can be opened daily into current public and political debates. In fact, a very small fraction population is actually able to experience politics directly. Consequently, it becomes crucial those means – media are assigned keep informed about politicians’ management affairs obtain sufficiently higher degree trust from citizens. By comparing three press systems UK,...

Gli scontri nel PD umbro e il ruolo della stampa locale
 Il delle primarie nella selezione del candidato PD
 Modalità di conduzione ricerca
 I temi trattati dalla attori protagonisti locale umbra
 Come è andata a finire: l'attesa vittoria Marini
 Le conclusioni: i tre risultati ricerca

Berlusconi and Prodi: who assembles a better set of frames? ABSTRACT: Antonio Ciaglia This article examines how the strong radicalization, stemmed from new electoral system, has affected mass media coverage on last campaign in Italy. The hypothesis is to demonstrate political personalization, represented by center-left incumbent center-right hopeful Prodi, maneuvered building frames via newspaper coverage. begins with an overview principle theoretical problems followed in-depth analysis...