A5074706827- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Blood groups and transfusion
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Blood donation and transfusion practices
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Protein purification and stability
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Transgenic Plants and Applications
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Virus-based gene therapy research
University of California, San Francisco
2003-2017
Blood Systems Research Institute
2016
San Francisco Medical Society
1969-2015
Stanford University
2015
Berry (United States)
2012
University of Hawaii at Hilo
2010
Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center
2010
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
2001
Alaska Native Medical Center
2000
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
1998
Hemagglutination assays are described for measuring hepatitis-associated Australia antigen and antibody. Red cells coated with isolated antigen, chromic chloride as a coupling agent, used detection of antibodies. Detection the in serums depends on inhibition hemagglutination. The test has sensitivity rapidity best tests available, is simpler to perform, lends itself large-scale screening blood donors.
Immunochemical investigations of the viral antigens and molecular characterization DNA have elucidated nature hepatitis B virus infection underlying acute, chronic, oncogenic disorders liver in man. Cloning sequencing made possible studies on structure genome certain aspects biology virus, hitherto constrained for a lack tissue culture systems laboratory animal models useful its propagation.
Using the Southern blot technique and cloned hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA as a probe, we studied state of HBV in liver 13 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 17 chronic hepatitis, 2 acute hepatitis. The hybridization results were compared serological immunohistological data. Integration cellular from carcinoma was demonstrated. In two which tumorous nontumorous tissue samples available integration patterns different. one patient e antigen (HBeAg)-positive early free viral present liver....
Reports of transmission the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from transfusions screened blood and reports silent, antibody-negative HIV-1 infections in persons at high risk continue to foster concern about safety supply. Previous estimates range 38,000 300,000 per unit but are based on either epidemiologic models or demonstration sero-conversion recipients.
Summary A passive hemagglutination technique employing isolated γ-globulins and myeloma proteins of known genetic types coated onto human group O cells by CrCl3 method has been developed. Cells thus have successfully used for Gm Inv typing sera. The degree discrimination between inhibiting noninhibiting sera is as great with the conventional using incomplete anti-Rh.
A radiolabeled probe specific for hepatitis B virus (HBV) nucleotide sequences was hybridized in situ to liver tissue from three patients with chronic B. The HBV genome detected not only infected hepatocytes but also bile duct epithelial cells, endothelial and smooth muscle cells. These findings extend the known host cell range HBV, suggest new mechanisms of viral dissemination, illustrate usefulness hybridization study pathogenesis infection.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the predominant etiologic agent of posttransfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis, characterized by undulating elevation alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and chronic liver disease. A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV) in 11 specimens among 101 nontransfusable plasma units obtained from asymptomatic, volunteer blood donors with elevated levels' ALT. Using a combined reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)...
Recovery from a natural infection with hepatitis B virus or vaccination purified envelope protein leads to production of antibodies against the surface antigen (HBsAg). Such physiologic response in man is generally directed determinant HBsAg common all serotypes virus. To define immunochemical specificity this determinant, secondary structure was derived its sequence 226 amino acids. Hydrophilic stretches expected contain antigenic determinants were located between residues 32 and 76 110...
The in vivo infectivity titration of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been biologically standardized terms chimpanzee infectious dose (CID50). polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for vitro enzymatic amplification HBV DNA and comparison with CID50. Serial dilutions human serum specimens containing adw (CID50 10−7) ayw 10−7,5) were tested to determine the reproducibility sensitivity PCR detection DNA. limit using 10−8 either extracted from or direct proteolyzed serum. efficiency proteolysates...
Reduction and alkylation of purified hepatitis-associated Australia antigen (hepatitis B antigen) resulted in a total loss serologic activity. The reduced alkylated protein formed single band with sedimentation coefficient 31S on analytical ultracentrifugation, no subunits were detected by Sephadex gel filtration. Although this preparation induced delayed hypersensitivity response when injected into guinea pigs, it failed to stimulate humoral antibody formation. data suggest that hepatitis...
Determination of the amino acid sequence immunogenic polypeptides hepatitis B surface antigen may not only permit molecular localization distinct determinants a, d, and y but also lead to synthesis a hapten useful in prophylactic immunization against virus infection. For this purpose, purified monotypic adw subtype was resolved into equal amounts two major (22,000 28,000 daltons) up six other minor by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. With periodate staining reaction, 28,000-dalton...
A randomized, double-blind, multicenter study of hepatitis prevention by immune serum globulin with high anti-HBs titer ("hepatitis B globulin") was carried out among 318 new patients and 296 staff members renal dialysis units. Three milliliters globulin, repeated at four months, compared equal doses intermediate or normal globulin. Among members, the cumulative percentages developing HBs Ag, both, within eight months were 6.9, 11.7, 11.1 in high, intermediate, groups respectively. The lower...
Journal Article Hepatitis B Immune Globulin: Final Report of a Controlled, Multicenter Trial Efficacy in Prevention Dialysis-Associated Get access Alfred M. Prince, Prince Please address requests for reprints to Dr. The New York Blood Center, 310 East 67th Street, York, 10021. Search other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wolf Szmuness, Szmuness Margaret K. Mann, Mann Girish N. Vyas, Vyas George F. Grady, Grady Fred L. Shapiro, Shapiro Wadi Suki, Suki Eli A....
The genetic markers of human immunoglobulins have significantly contributed to the understanding molecular biology antibody synthesis. Like Gm IgG, first marker serum IgA, a major immunoglubulin exocrine secretions, has now been defined and termed Am(1). It is inherited as Mendelian dominant trait independent Inv allotypes. Am(1) localized in alpha-chains gammaA(2) subclass levels. Its polymorphism makes it suitable for studies population genetics IgA globulin.
Nonhemolytic adverse reactions to transfusion of blood and plasma have been grouped together by Mollison1 as "other unfavorable effects transfusion." Identification antibodies leukocytes platelets in some these was a consequence development suitable serologic methods. Application chromic chloride an agent for coupling purified proteins inert indicator red cells marked the beginning yet another phase advances that enable us detect various very sensitive specific passive hemagglutination...
Based on the diversity of nucleotide sequences cloned hepatitis B virus DNA genomes, we have predicted possible replication genetic variants human virus. This prediction is exemplified by studies a chronic carrier HBsAg/adw2, who lacked anti–HBc but carried exceedingly high levels in serum. Molecular characterization number clones revealed restriction map that deviated significantly from typical pattern adw2 subtype, especially around EcoRI site commonly used as reference point. Mutations...