Using publicly available Monte Carlo codes as well compilation of published data on p--p interactions for proton kinetic energy below 2 GeV, we parametrize the spectra and production rates $\gamma$-rays by simple but quite accurate ($\leq 20 \%$) analytical expressions in a broad range from kinematic threshold to PeV energies.

The microquasar SS433 features the most energetic jets known in our Galaxy. A large fraction of jet kinetic power is delivered to surrounding W50 nebula at termination shock, from which high-energy emission and cosmic-ray production have been anticipated. Here we report on detection a persistent gamma-ray signal direction SS433/W50 with Fermi Large Area Telescope. steady flux narrow spectral energy distribution maximum around 250 MeV suggest that gamma-rays are rendered by bulk through...

The “pion-decay” bump is a distinct signature of the differential energy spectrum γ -rays between 100 MeV and 1 GeV produced in hadronic interactions accelerated particles (cosmic rays) with ambient gas. We use recent parametrisations relevant cross-sections to study formation bump. -ray below maximum this spectral feature can be distorted because contributions additional radiation components, particular, due bremsstrahlung secondary electrons positrons, products decays π ± -mesons,...

Abstract Recent advances in the γ -ray observations of solar flares by Fermi satellite demand revisions hadronic flux computation below 1 GeV. In this work, we utilize recently updated pion production cross sections, along with an accurate description low-energy nuclear interactions. Applying these new interaction descriptions to model Large Area Telescope flare data, infer primary particle spectral parameters. Application section leads significantly different parameters compared those...

``Subthreshold pions'' and so-called ``hard photons'' are two important channels for producing less than 1 GeV $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays ${e}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ pairs from nuclear collisions with energy per nucleon below the $\ensuremath{\pi}$-meson production threshold. I use publicly available experimental data to parametrize these channels' $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray cross sections extend pion contribution particles spectra at higher energies using their corresponding $pp$...

The importance of nuclear reactions in low-density astrophysical plasmas with ion temperatures T ≥10 10 K has been recognized for more than thirty years. However, the lack comprehensive data banks relevant and limited computational power have not previously allowed detailed theoretical studies. Recent developments these areas make it timely to conduct studies on properties very hot formed around compact relativistic objects such as black holes neutron stars. Such are great interest context...

Very hot plasmas with ion temperature exceeding $1{0}^{10}\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{K}$ can be formed in certain astrophysical environments. The distinct radiation signature of such is the $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-ray emission dominated by prompt deexcitation nuclear lines and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$-decay $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ rays. Using a large reaction network, we compute time evolution chemical composition their line emissivity. At higher energies, provide simple but accurate analytical...

Optically thin accretion plasmas can reach ion temperatures $T_{\rm i} \geq 10^{10}$K and thus trigger nuclear reactions. Using a large interactions network, we studied the radial evolution of chemical composition flow toward black hole computed emissivity in $γ$-ray lines. In advection dominated (ADAF) regime, CNO heavier nuclei are destroyed before reaching last stable orbit. The overall luminosity de-excitation lines for solar plasma be as high few times $10^{-5}$ ($\dot{M}c^2$) increased...

Nuclear reactions in very hot astrophysical plasmas with temperatures

Abstract: Local storms can often generate extreme rainfall of short duration that causes immediate and serious flooding in the local scale. The genesis rapid development such are a result complex processes occur dynamics storm. In this study examined Automatic Weather Station's data reanalyses from NWP fields for Shkodra city to search time. precipitation generally is created as high vertical instability air mass very rich moisture. While at scale mainly related convective cells...

Abstract: Drought is generally defined as a high moisture deficit below some expected levels but beyond this summarized definition, drought complex event compared to many other natural phenomena. Without clear nor entry or termination, the phenomenon very specific and highly region climate dependent. Defining by regions quantifying it, issue because of alternative definitions diverse authors. Despite diversity on defining severe hazard that can be manageable. Viewed hazard, managed during...

The importance of nuclear reactions in low-density astrophysical plasmas with ion temperatures T ≥ 1010 K has been recognized for thirty years. However, the lack comprehensive data banks relevant and limited computational power have not previously allowed detailed theoretical studies. Recent developments these areas make it timely to conduct studies properties very hot formed around compact relativistic objects such as black holes neutron stars. Such are great interest context scientific...

Gamma-ray emission from the direction of microquasar SS433 has been recently reported using five years Fermi-LAT observations. The steady flux and a narrow spectral energy distribution peaking at 250 MeV suggest that gamma-rays could be rendered by bulk jet kinetic power through proton-proton collisions SS433/W50 interaction regions. Here we report on outcomes analysis larger data-set, also improved capabilities Pass 8 reprocessed data, which confirm better characterize our previous results.