A5032992317- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Winter Sports Injuries and Performance
- Freezing and Crystallization Processes
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Tardigrade Biology and Ecology
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Environmental and Industrial Safety
TU Wien
2015-2021
Abstract. Cloud glaciation is critically important for the global radiation budget (albedo) and initiation of precipitation. But freezing pure water droplets requires cooling to temperatures as low 235 K. Freezing at higher presence an ice nucleator, which serves a template arranging molecules in ice-like manner. It often assumed that these nucleators have be insoluble particles. We point out also free macromolecules are dissolved can efficiently induce nucleation: size such nucleating...
Abstract. The second phase of the Fifth International Ice Nucleation Workshop (FIN-02) involved gathering a large number researchers at Karlsruhe Institute Technology's Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics Atmosphere (AIDA) facility to promote characterization understanding ice nucleation measurements made by variety methods used worldwide. Compared previous workshop in 2007, participation was doubled, reflecting vibrant research area. Experimental sampling aerosol particles direct processing...
There has been increasing interest in ice nucleation research the last decade. To identify important gaps our knowledge of processes and their impacts, two international workshops on were held Vienna, Austria 2015 2016. Experts from these identified following needs: (1) uncovering molecular identity active sites for nucleation; (2) importance modeling understanding heterogeneous (3) identifying quantifying contributions biological nuclei natural managed environments; (4) examining role aging...
Abstract. Birch pollen are known to release ice-nucleating macromolecules (INM), but little is about the production and of INM from other parts tree. We examined ice nucleation activity samples 10 different birch trees (Betula spp.). Samples were taken nine in Tyrol, Austria, one tree a small urban park Vienna, Austria. Filtered aqueous extracts 30 leaves, primary wood (new branch wood, green colour, photosynthetically active), secondary (older brown with no photosynthetic activity) analysed...
We are presenting a new approach to analyze the freezing behavior of aqueous droplets containing ice nucleating particles. The chip consists an etched and sputtered (15 × 15 1) mm gold-plated silicon or pure gold chip, enabling formation with defined diameters between 20 80 µm. Several applications like automated process control image evaluation were implemented improve quality heterogeneous experiments. To show functionality setup, we compared temperatures particles (i.e., microcline, birch...
Heterogeneous ice nucleation in the atmosphere is not fully understood. In particular, our knowledge of biological materials and their atmospheric properties remains scarce. Here, we present results from systematic investigations activity plant using cryo-microscopy. We examined berry juices, frozen berries, as well extracts leaves dried berries plants native to boreal regions. All samples possess reasonable activity. Their nucleating particle concentrations per unit water volume vary...
Abstract. Thermal–optical measurement techniques are widely used to classify carbonaceous material. The results of different methods for total carbon comparable but can vary by >44 % elemental carbon. One major cause variation is the formation pyrolyzed during heating process which occurs mainly in samples with a high amount brown (BrC). In this study structural changes two CAST (combustion aerosol standard) caused procedure thermal–optical instrument were investigated UV–VIS and Raman...
Abstract. Silver birch (Betula pendula) is known to contain ice-nucleating macromolecules (INMs) survive in harsh environments. However, little about the release and transport of INMs from trees into atmosphere. In this study, we conducted situ vivo investigations on nine birches growing an alpine valley (Ötztal, Austria). A detailed analysis drill cores showed that INM concentration increases towards outer layers, reaching its maximum near surface. Aqueous extracts surfaces leaves, bark,...
Abstract. Cloud glaciation is critically important for the global radiation budget (albedo) and initiation of precipitation. But freezing pure water droplets requires cooling to temperatures as low 235 K. Freezing at higher presence an ice nucleator, which a foreign body in that functions template arranging molecules ice-like manner. It often assumed these nucleators have be insoluble particles. We put perspective also dissolved single macromolecules can induce nucleation: they are several...
Abstract. The second phase of the Fifth International Ice Nucleation Workshop (FIN-02) involved gathering a large number researchers at Karlsruhe Institute Technology's Aerosol Interactions and Dynamics Atmosphere (AIDA) facility to promote characterization understanding ice nucleation measurements made by variety methods used worldwide. Compared previous workshop in 2007, participation was doubled, reflecting vibrant research area. Experimental sampling aerosol particles online measuring...
Heterogeneous ice nucleation plays an important role in many environmental processes such as cloud formation, freezing of water bodies or biological freeze protection the cryosphere. New information is needed about seasonal availability, nature, and activity nucleating particles (INPs) alpine environments. These INPs trigger phase transition from liquid to solid at elevated subzero temperatures. We collected samples a series rivers lakes (two valleys their rivers, artificial pond, natural...
Abstract. A new setup to analyse the freezing behaviour of ice nucleation particles (INPs) dispersed in aqueous droplets has been developed with aim ensembles sizes micrometre range, which INPs are immersed. Major disadvantages conventional drop-freezing experiments like varying drop or interactions between water-oil mixture and INP, were solved by introducing a unique freezing-chip consisting an etched sputtered 15 × 1 mm gold-plated silicon pure gold film. Using this chip, isolated...
Abstract. Birch pollen are known to release ice-nucleating macromolecules (INM), but little is about the production and of INM from other tissues tree. We examined ice nucleation activity ten different birch trees (Betula spp.). Samples were taken nine in Tyrol, Austria, one tree a small urban park Vienna, Austria. Filtered aqueous extracts 30 samples leaves, primary wood (new branch wood, green colour, photosynthetically active), secondary (older branch, brown with no photosynthetic...
S1Theoretical considerations S1.1 Macromolecular chemistryMacromolecules are per definition molecules with a molecular mass of >10 kg/mol (Staudinger and Staudinger, 1954), which is equivalent to kDa.In contrast crystals or metals, consist subunits that held together by non-covalent forces (e.g.ionic, metal dipole bonds), each atom macromolecule covalently bound the rest molecule.Since covalent bonds usually much stronger than bonds, they stay intact in solution.In contrast, sodium chloride...