A5028456227- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Seismology and Earthquake Studies
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Seismic Imaging and Inversion Techniques
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geological formations and processes
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- COVID-19 diagnosis using AI
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate variability and models
Carnegie Institution for Science
2016-2025
Chinese University of Hong Kong
2022
Brunel University of London
2022
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2020
Carnegie Observatories
2013-2019
University of South Florida
2006-2013
University of South Florida St. Petersburg
2011
University of Leeds
2005-2006
University of Oregon
2003-2005
Research Article| June 01, 2006 The origin of volcano-tectonic earthquake swarms Diana C. Roman; Roman 1School Earth and Environment, University Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Katharine V. Cashman 2Department Geological Sciences, 1272 Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA Author Article Information Publisher: Society America Received: 21 Sep 2005 Revision 07 Jan Accepted: 20 First Online: 09 Mar 2017 Online ISSN: 1943-2682 Print 0091-7613...
Vanguard efforts in forecasting volcanic eruptions are turning to physics-based models, which require quantitative estimates of magma conditions during pre-eruptive storage. Below active arc volcanoes, observed storage depths vary widely (~0 20 kilometers) and commonly assumed represent levels neutral buoyancy. Here we show that geophysically (6 ± 3 greater than buoyancy, ruling out this control. Observed instead consistent with predicted water degassing. Intrinsically wetter magmas degas...
The 2021 La Palma eruption provided an unpreceded opportunity to test the relationship between earthquake hypocenters and location of magma reservoirs. We performed density measurements on CO2-rich fluid inclusions (FIs) hosted in olivine crystals that are highly sensitive pressure via calibrated Raman spectroscopy. This technique can revolutionize our knowledge storage transport during ongoing eruption, given it produce precise depth constraints near real time with minimal sample...
Abstract Seismic data recorded before volcanic eruptions provides important clues for forecasting. However, limited monitoring histories and infrequent restrict the available training forecasting models. We propose a transfer machine learning approach that identifies eruption precursors—signals consistently change eruptions—across multiple volcanoes. Using seismic from 41 at 24 volcanoes over 73 years, our forecasts unobserved (out-of-sample) Tested without target volcano, model demonstrated...
Abstract Since the 1919 foundation of International Association Volcanology and Chemistry Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI), fields volcano seismology acoustics have seen dramatic advances in instrumentation techniques, undergone paradigm shifts understanding volcanic seismo-acoustic source processes internal structure. Some early twentieth-century volcanological studies gave equal emphasis to barograph (infrasound acoustic-gravity wave) seismograph observations, but rapidly outpaced became standard...
Volcanic eruptions occur when a conduit forms to connect crustal magma reservoir Earth's surface. Conduit formation is generally assumed be 'bottom-up' process and major driver of precursory volcanic seismicity, which the most commonly monitored parameter at volcanoes worldwide. If both assumptions are true, initial seismicity should coincide spatially with petrologically-estimated depths. A review well-constrained case studies that erupt after repose intervals decades indicates that,...
We searched for changes in local stress-field orientation at Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska, between August 1991 and December 2001. This study focuses on the beneath Crater Peak vent, site of three eruptions 1992, summit Spurr. Local stress tensors were calculated by inverting subsets 140 fault-plane solutions earthquakes 96 also an upper-crustal regional tensor 66 intraplate located near during 1991–2001. Prior to 1992 eruptions, 11 months beginning with a posteruption seismic swarm, axis...
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) monitors volcanoes in and issues notifications warnings of volcanic unrest eruption. We evaluate the timeliness accuracy eruption forecasts for 53 eruptions at 20 volcanoes, beginning with Mount Redoubt's 1989–1990 Successful are defined as those where AVO issued a formal warning before onset. These now part AVO's Aviation Color Code Volcanic Alert Level. This analysis considers only start an eruption, although many have multiple phases activity. For 21...
Abstract Both volcano‐tectonic (VTs) and deep long‐period earthquakes (DLPs) have been documented at Akutan Volcano, Alaska may reflect different active processes helpful for eruption forecasting. In this study, we perform high‐resolution earthquake detection, classification, relocation using seismic data from 2005 to 2017 investigate their relationship with underlying magmatic processes. We find that the 2,787 VTs 787 DLPs are concentrated above below inferred magma reservoir respectively....
Abstract Several hypotheses posit a link between the origin of Homo and climatic environmental shifts 3 2.5 Ma. Here we report on new results that shed light interplay tectonics, basin migration faunal change one hand fate Australopithecus afarensis evolution other. Fieldwork at Mille-Logya site in Afar, Ethiopia, dated to 2.914 2.443 Ma, provides geological evidence for northeast Hadar Basin, extending record this lacustrine Mille-Logya. We have identified three fossiliferous units,...
Calculation of inflation‐induced Coulomb stress changes on faults varying orientation indicates that local almost any are susceptible to slip in response dike inflation. Additionally, as dikes typically inflate the direction regional minimum compressive stress, sense strike‐slip faulting predicted by change models is opposite expected from tectonic forces. Observations volcanotectonic (VT) earthquake fault‐plane solutions with pressure (p‐) axes oriented ∼90° maximum compression confirm this...
On June 15, 2020, at 21:16 UTC, a locally-felt earthquake of magnitude 4.2 struck Unalaska Island, Alaska, ∼15 km west the town and large fishing port Dutch Harbor. The event was followed by M4.1 00:34 UTC several M3+ aftershocks, initiating prolific sequence with hundreds earthquakes recorded into late December. all locate about 12 southeast summit Makushin Volcano 7 to 10 depth. To date, no eruptive activity or other surface changes have been observed volcano in webcam images, GPS InSAR....