Abstract This paper investigates the characteristics of dynamic rock fragmentation and its influence on postfailure fragment trajectory. A series numerical simulations by discrete element method (DEM) were performed for a simple block slope geometry, where particle agglomerate prismatic shape is released along sliding plane subsequently collides onto flat horizontal at sharp kink point. The modeled as an assembly bonded spherical particles with arising from bond breakages. Bond strength...

Abstract Landslides have been observed in different terrestrial environments and also on planets, satellites, asteroids. Long runout landslides are strongly dependent the initial mass position, material slope path properties, topographic relief, presence of volatiles. Therefore, represent a means for description rock properties environment deposition prevailing at time occurrence may assist understanding geological climatological history planetary surfaces. Concerning Mars, previous studies...

Fragmentation has been proposed as an important dynamical process in the propagation of rock avalanches. The occurrence intense block fragmentation inside a avalanche traveling on smooth inclined terrain followed by flat region (a geometry common to many landslides) is first studied numerically means discrete element 2-D code which blocks are subjected mutual collisions and impact with terrain. This numerical model confirms that locations where more likely occur those correspondence abrupt...

Examination of submarine clastic deposits along the continental margins reveals remnants holocenic or older debris flows with run‐out distances up to hundreds kilometers. Laboratory experiments on subaqueous flows, where typically one tenth a cubic meter material is dropped down flume, also show high velocities and long compared subaerial flows. Moreover, they tendency head flow run out ahead rest body. The reveal possible clue mechanism run‐out. This mechanism, called hydroplaning, begins...

Two puzzling traits of giant rock avalanches (sturzstroms) are the decrease effective friction coefficient as a function volume (volume effect) and remarkable preservation large geological structures during flow, demonstrating that upper cap sturzstrom travels coherently on top basal shear layer. Hence, frictional heat is rapidly produced along layer, which could explain formation sheets molten inside certain landslide deposits. It has been conjectured layer potentially self‐lubricate base...

Much remains to understand the dynamic processes during flow of submarine landslides. A first relevant problem is explain extraordinary mobility landslides, which has no comparison in subaerial mass movement. Another challenging question apparent disparity between landslides that remain compact for hundreds kilometres and those disintegrate flow, finally evolving into turbidity currents. This linked a central ongoing debate on relative importance currents versus reshaping continental margin....

The flow characteristics and velocities of three landslides in Valles Marineris on Mars are investigated using detailed morphological analyses high-resolution images dynamical calculations based the run-up curvature landslide deposits. morphologies described, especially concerning those that can provide information dynamics velocity. long runout estimated high velocities, often exceeding 100 m/s, confirm a low basal friction experienced by these landslides. Because subaqueous Earth exhibit...

Abstract. Recent experimental and theoretical work on the dynamics of submarine debris flows is summarized. Hydroplaning was first discovered in laboratory later shown to likely occur natural as well. It a prime mechanism for explaining extremely long runout distances observed some even over-consolidated clay materials. Moreover, accelerations high velocities reached by flow head short time appear fit well with required initial conditions tsunamis obtained from back-calculations....

The damping of dipole and quadrupole motion in $^{16}\mathrm{O}$ $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}$ at zero finite temperature is studied including particle-particle particle-hole interactions to all orders perturbation. We find that the dynamics these light nuclei well described terms mean-field theory (time-dependent Hartree-Fock), while strongly damped through coupling more complicated configurations. Both centroid width giant resonances show a clear stability with as consequence weakening interaction,...

Abstract Extremely energetic rockfalls (EERs) are defined here as for which a combination of both large volume and free fall height hundreds meters results in energy larger than about 80 GJ released short time. Examples include several events worldwide. In contrast to low where block disintegration is limited, EERs the impact after causes immediate release much like an explosion. The resulting air blast can snap trees ahead area. Pulverized rock at high speed abrade vegetation process...

Abstract Submarine slides and debris flows are common effective mechanisms of sediment transfer from continental shelves to deeper parts ocean basins. They particularly along glaciated margins that have experienced high flux the shelf break during after glacial maxima. During one single event, typically lasting for a few hours or less, enormous volumes can be transported over distances hundreds kilometres, even on very gentle slopes. In order understand physics these mass flows, process is...