Diode alkali vapor lasers (DPALs) with a flowing medium provide pathway to extremely high-power CW or quasi-CW laser operations. In this article, the model for end-pumped [Beach et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 21, 2151(2004)] is expanded DPALs in side-pumped configuration. The difference between our and published [Komashko Proc. SPIE 7581, 75810H-1 (2010)] studied, comparison other people's experimental results [Zweiback 7915, 791509-1 (2011)] made, which demonstrates validity of model. Some...

As a new kind of optically pumped gaseous lasers, diode metastable rare gas lasers (OPRGLs) show potential in high power operation. In this paper, multi-level rate equation based model OPRGL is established. A qualitative agreement between simulation and Rawlins et al.'s experimental result shows the validity model. The key parameters' influences energy distribution characteristics are theoretically studied, which useful for optimized design efficient OPRGLs.

The presence of manganese ions (Mn2+) in Yb/Er-co-doped nanomaterials results suppressing green (545 nm) and enhancing red (650 upconversion (UC) emission, which can achieve single-red-band emission to enable applications bioimaging drug delivery. Here, we revisit the tunable multicolor UC a single Mn2+-doped β-NaYF4:Yb/Er microcrystal is synthesized by simple one-pot hydrothermal method. Excited 980 nm continuous wave (CW) laser, color β-NaYF4:Yb/Er/Mn microrod be tuned from as doping Mn2+...

Deductive reasoning is a crucial logical capability that assists us in solving complex problems based on existing knowledge. Although augmented by Chain-of-Thought prompts, Large Language Models (LLMs) might not follow the correct paths. Enhancing deductive abilities of LLMs, and leveraging their extensive built-in knowledge for various tasks, remains an open question. Attempting to mimic human paradigm, we propose multi-stage Syllogistic-Reasoning Framework Thought (SR-FoT) enables LLMs...

As scaling large language models faces prohibitive costs, multi-agent systems emerge as a promising alternative, though challenged by static knowledge assumptions and coordination inefficiencies. We introduces Knowledge-Aware Bayesian Bandits (KABB), novel framework that enhances system through semantic understanding dynamic adaptation. The features three key innovations: three-dimensional distance model for deep understanding, dual-adaptation mechanism continuous expert optimization,...

Deductive reasoning is a crucial logical capability that assists us in solving complex problems based on existing knowledge. Although augmented by Chain-of-Thought prompts, Large Language Models (LLMs) might not follow the correct paths. Enhancing deductive abilities of LLMs, and leveraging their extensive built-in knowledge for various tasks, remains an open question. Attempting to mimic human paradigm, we propose multi-stage Syllogistic-Reasoning Framework Thought (SR-FoT) enables LLMs...

Diode pumped alkali vapor amplifier (DPAA) is a potential candidate in high power laser field. In this paper, we set up model for the diode double-side-pumped amplifier. For three-dimensional volumetric gain medium, both longitudinal and transverse amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) effects are considered coupled into rate equations. An iterative numerical approach proposed to solve model. Some important influencing factors simulated discussed. The results show that case of saturated...

Achieving intense nearly white upconversion emission from a single β-NaYF₄:Yb/Er microcrystal <italic>via</italic> saturated excitation.

We described a wavelength locked and spectral narrowed high-power diode laser with Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF). By an external cavity 85Rb FADOF, the central of was precisely to Rb resonance D2 line. The bandwidth from free-running 4 nm 0.002 (1.2 GHz, FWHM). At 4.9 A maximal driven current, produced continuous wave (CW) output 18 W efficiency 80%, either current or temperature had no impact on laser. cell works well without any damage under long-time running. This...

The diode-pumped metastable rare gas laser (DPRGL) is showing potential for high-power operation. A key issue in developing this concept to produce high-density metastables a large volume. To achieve goal, we propose new, the best of our knowledge, architecture by extracting power from plasma jet. In scheme, discharge and gain regions are separated, avoiding negative effects discharges confined regions. jet-type Ar demonstrated with 466-mW output 33% slope efficiency. volume can be increased...

A Faraday anomalous dispersion optical filter (FADOF) could lock high-power diode lasers to atomic resonance lines with ultra-narrow bandwidth. However, the polarization sensitivity of limits its applications since standard module often employs combination increase pumping brightness. We proposed a polarization-insensitive mutual injection configuration solve this problem and locked combined Rb D2-line. The laser bandwidth was narrowed from 4 nm 0.005 (2.6 GHz, FWHM) 38.3 W output an...

Diode-pumped metastable rare gas lasers are showing their potential for high-energy laser systems with intensive investigations carried out to understand lasing characteristics. Here, we demonstrated pulsed of a diode-pumped argon based on DC glow discharge in and helium mixtures different voltages pressures. A transient rate equation model was established solved explain the cause our experiment. The insufficient production atoms (1s5) slow transfer 1s4 state plasma during process were found...

A model for an end-pumped double-pass alkali vapour laser is set up which has considered all the main physical features, including fine-structure mixing rate that represents three-level nature of this kind laser, spectral dependence pump light absorption broadband pumping, longitudinal population variation and distributed intra-cavity losses. To solve model, we have proposed a searching algorithm single-pass configuration developed novel iterative case taken solution as initial value. The...

Photon upconversion (UC) based on self-sensitization of lanthanide-doped nanocrystals is great importance for biological and photonic applications. Here, we report tunable multicolor display sensitive temperature sensing in the erbium-doped CaF 2 (UCNCs) codoped with Tm 3+ ions. Under excitation 980, 808 1532 nm lasers, luminescence (UCL) color these self-sensitized UCNCs can be manipulated from green to red efficiently red-to-green (R/G) UC intensity ratio promoted remarkably as doping ions...

High-phase purity yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) nanoparticles (NPs), which account for more than half of the market share in solid-state lasers, are crucial luminescent ceramic matrixes used upconversion luminescence (UCL) applications. As is well known, optical performance YAG NPs greatly influenced by their phase purity, necessitating a long-duration, high-temperature annealing process to eliminate intermediate impurity phases and subsequent inspection crystal using traditional methods...

Trauma or repeated damage to joints can result in focal cartilage defects, significantly elevating the risk of osteoarthritis. Damaged has an inherently limited self-healing capacity and remains urgent unmet clinical need. Consequently, there is growing interest biodegradable hydrogels as potential scaffolds for repair reconstruction defects. Here, we developed a macroporous hybrid double-network (DN) cryogel by combining two independently cross-linked networks multiarm polyethylene glycol...

Abstract Purpose In the context of modernization and development, a complex adaptive systems framework can help address coupling macro social constraint opportunity with individual agency. Combining system dynamics agent based modeling, we formalize simulation approach Human Development (HD) perspective to explore interactive effects economics, culture, society politics across multiple human scales. Methods Based on asymmetric, coupled nonlinear equations, first capture core qualitative...

The spectral linewidth of a 64-emitter laser-diode array is effectively suppressed by using volume Bragg grating (VBG) based external cavity. At maximal driven current 90 A, the device produces cw output 80 W with 1.2 W/A slope efficiency and 0.1 nm (FWHM) centered at 780nm. power extraction reaches 90% as compared free running case. central wavelength narrowed spectrum tuned over 0.3 range adjusting VBG's temperature. absorption 45% laser radiation 5-mm-long rubidium vapor cell 150 Torr...

Technical, environment, social, economic and political constraints are critical barriers to the development of new renewable energy supplies.SEMPro is an agent-based, predictive analytics model siting policy in techno-social space that simulates how competing interests shape outcomes identify beneficial for sustainable infrastructure.Using a high voltage transmission line as case study, we integrate project engineering institutional factors with GIS data on land use attributes US Census...

In this work, a sequence of Nd3+, Yb3+, and Er3+ tridoped SrF2 nanocrystals (NCs) is synthesized by hydrothermal method. Both the efficient near-infrared downconversion luminescence (DCL) visible upconversion (UCL) Nd3+ ions are simultaneously observed systematically demonstrated under dual-wavelength excitation (808 980 nm continuous-wave lasers). Subsequently, SrF2:Nd3+/Yb3+/Er3+ (15/4/0.2 mol %) NCs with strongest were utilized for detecting metal ion concentrations 808 excitation. The...

We have experimentally investigated the kinetics of a diode-pumped metastable Ar laser by simultaneously monitoring population evolution 1s5 and 1s4 states during lasing. A comparison between two cases with pump on off revealed cause for transition from pulsed to CW The depletion atoms was responsible lasing phenomenon, while increasing duration density resulted in Furthermore, accumulation state observed.