The miniaturization of the gyroscope is critical for spacecrafts, drones, wellbore surveys, etc. resonant fiber-optic (RFOG) a competitive candidate due to its potential in both and high resolution, while actual performance well below expectation because laser-induced noise complexity. Here we report first navigation grade RFOG with bias instability 0.009°/h an angle random walk 0.0093°/ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" id="m1"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msqrt>...

In the area of fiber-optic sensors (FOSs), past decade witnessed great efforts to challenge thermal-noise-level sensing resolution for passive FOS. Several attempts were reported claiming arrival resolution, while realization FOSs is still controversial and challenging. this paper, an ultrahigh-resolution FOS system presented with a better than existing high-resolution FOSs. A fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer as element interrogated ultra-stable probe laser by using Pound-Drever-Hall...

As the second generation of fiber-optic gyro (FOG), a resonant FOG (RFOG) appears as very viable candidate for miniaturized optical gyro. However, due to impediment laser-induced parasitic noise and system complexity, actual performance RFOG is well below expectations. This paper proposes novel, best our knowledge, which driven by broadband white light rather than narrow linewidth laser. The ring resonator (FRR) works filter, rotation under detection read out from round trip loss FRR....

<title>Abstract</title> High-precision three-dimensional (3D) imaging is essential for accurately perceiving environments, providing critical depth and spatial awareness. Among the various reported approaches, solid-state LiDAR systems have garnered significant attention. However, precision, detection range pixel scalability remain key challenges their widespread adoption. Here, we report a large-array coherent flash 3D system that achieves sub-millimeter precision through stepped-frequency...

We present a high-resolution and miniature multi-wavelength Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) interrogator based on thermally tunable microring resonator (MRR) array. A phase detection method using dithering signals is exploited to generate an antisymmetric error signal curve, which utilized for the feedback locking of MRR with FBG sensor. Dynamic strain sensing both single multiple FBGs are experimentally demonstrated, dynamic resolution 30 nε/√Hz over 100 Hz 1 kHz. The proposed shows great...

We report a mid-infrared (MIR) photothermal laser spectroscopy system for multi-component gas sensing with single broadband anti-resonant hollow-core fiber cell. Three MIR pump lasers are used as the excitation sources to generate phase modulation and near-infrared probe is employed detect by using Fabry-Perot interferometer configuration. Simultaneous detection of carbon monoxide (CO), dioxide (CO2), ethylene (C2H4), ethane (C2H6) experimentally demonstrated time-division multiplexing. A...

An exact modal decomposition method plays an important role in revealing the characteristics of a few-mode fiber, and it is widely used various applications ranging from imaging to telecommunications. Here, ptychography technology successfully achieve fiber. In our method, complex amplitude information test fiber can be recovered by ptychography, then weight each eigenmode relative phase between different eigenmodes easily calculated orthogonal projection operations. addition, we also...

Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensors have achieved great performance in dynamic strain sensing, while static measurement is still very challenging because it requires extra reference for temperature compensation. In this paper, a high-resolution FBG laser sensor system presented, which capable of both and measurements. the proposed sensor, distributed feedback fiber (DFB-FL) works as sensing element, reflector (DBR-FL) reference. The DFB-FL injection-locked to DBR-FL with closed loop...

Rayleigh speckle with random jagged pattern resulting from the interference of backscattering lightwave in a single-mode fiber contains wavelength information incident lightwave. We propose an all-fiber wavemeter based on relation between and wavelength. The system does not suffer resolution-bandwidth trade-off simultaneously achieves ultra-high resolution 40 attometers broad bandwidth 80 nm covering 1520 to 1600 nm. could enable precise measurement continuous-wave optical waveforms at time...

The fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is well known for simple fabrication, absolute measurement, inherent multiplexing capability, etc. To date, most FBG sensors that use a broadband light source demodulation can only achieve resolution at the µɛ level. In this Letter, we propose white-light-driven self-reference sensing system with FBGs, using Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and white source, to realize multiplexed high-resolution vibration very configuration. A strain of 35pε/Hz 1 kHz...

A novel active fiber grating sensor system based on injection-locking and Pound-Drever-Hall techniques is presented. In demonstrational experiments, pε-level strain resolution achieved with a very low probe power down to -70 dBm, which at least 50 dB lower compared the classical technique. Besides, measurement range of can be adjusted over large scale up 17 by changing injection ratio. With ultrahigh resolution, ultralow power, adjustable range, proposed has great potential in...

A multiplexed fiber grating sensor system based on injection-locking and high-order Pound-Drever-Hall techniques is presented. In the system, two distributed feedback lasers a mode-locked laser are employed as array probe laser, respectively. The weak comb teeth of modelocked injection locked to corresponding sensing elements, suppress free running noise sensors thus interrogate array. high strain resolution 72 pε in 100 s 4 pε/√ Hz above 10 proved. proposed method allows direct use optical...

The interrogation technology plays a key role in high resolution fiber grating sensors. Due to the sensitivity and quick response, Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) technique is one of most successful methods sensor systems. However, traditional PDH can only interrogate sensing element with limited measurement range, can't fully exploit capability optical To break through this limitation, lots efforts have been put improve technique. This article reviews recent improvements on towards large range low...

The resonant fiber-optic sensor (RFOS) is well known for its high sensing resolution but usually suffers from cost and system complexity. In this Letter, we propose an ultra-simple white-light-driven RFOS with a Sagnac interferometer. By superimposing the output of multiple equivalent interferometers, strain signal amplified during resonance. A 3 × coupler employed demodulation, by which under test can be read out directly without any modulation. With 1 km delay fiber configuration, 28fε/Hz...

In the past decade, laser-driven resonant fiber-optic sensors (RFOSs) have been reported touching their ultimate resolution limit. The practicability of these high-performance is, however, discounted because high system complexity and dependence on narrow-linewidth lasers. this paper, a novel, to best our knowledge, white-light-driven RFOS is established based round trip filtering (RTF) method. Via measuring RTF loss an add-drop fiber ring resonator (FRR) sensor, strain signal can be read...

In this article, a novel method of wavelength measurement with spectral resolution 64 attometers (am) based on Rayleigh speckle obtained from single-mode fiber (SMF) is proposed. A commercial standard SMF used to provide backscattering signals and measured by an optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) system. The in disordered process provides high-sensitivity wavelength-dependent speckles. the experiments, extracting speckles 2-km SMF, we achieve 64-am (standard deviation) refresh...

High-finesse fiber Fabry-Perot resonators (FFPR) are widely used in ultrahigh-resolution sensing applications, but the multiplexing of FFPR sensors remains a challenge. This article proposes novel frequency division scheme for high-resolution sensor networks. An optical comb is adopted as interrogation laser. Via combining and pound-drever-hall (PDH) technique, multitone PDH technique firstly proposed, it exhibits advantages high resolution, powerful ability, system flexibility. It employed...

Recently, laser-driven resonant fiber-optic sensors (FOSs) have been reported to reach the ultimate resolution limit, set by thermal noise in fiber. However, they are still far away from commercialization because of their dependence on expensive and ultra-narrow-linewidth lasers. In this Letter, a white-light-driven FOS is proposed for first time, best our knowledge. By using white-light multi-beam interferometry, peaks fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer sensor obtained, resonance drifts...

We studied the effect of varying gas concentration, buffer gas, length, and type fibers on performance optical fiber photothermal phase modulators based C2H2-filled hollow-core fibers. For same control power level, modulator with Ar as achieves largest modulation. a fixed length fiber, there exists an optimal C2H2 concentration that With 23-cm-long anti-resonant filled 12.5% balanced Ar, modulation π-rad at 100 kHz is achieved 200 mW. The bandwidth 150 kHz. extended to ∼1.1 MHz photonic...

Multi-wavelength diffraction imaging is a lensless, high-resolution technology. To avoid multiple exposures and enable high-speed data collection, here an innovative setup for the single-exposure multi-wavelength based on blazed grating proposed. Since angle varies with wavelength, patterns individual wavelengths can be separated from each other recorded in single measurement at one time. A method of high-precision position alignment between different wavelength proposed our system to...

In a coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) system, the information of sample is retrieved from patterns recorded by image sensor via multiple iterations. The limited dynamic range restricts resolution reconstructed information. To alleviate this problem, high technology adopted to increase signal-to-noise ratio patterns. A sequence raw images with differently exposure time are sensor. Then, they fused generate quality pattern based on response function With patterns, can be effectively...

An ultrahigh-resolution optical vector analyzer (OVA) is reported for multiple parallel measurements based on frequency-domain analysis (FDA). In the proposed system, an linearly frequency modulated waveform generated via electro-optic modulation and injection locking launched into unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), in which devices under test (DUTs) are cascaded with different time delays one arm a delay reference line other arm. The signals from two arms of MZI sent to balanced...

We present here a novel interrogation method for Er+ -doped fiber grating sensor with pe resolution, ultralow probe power, large tunable strain sensitivity and capability of multiplexed, static dynamic sensing.

A mode-locked laser works as the source to interrogate Er3+-doped fiber grating sensor array with wavelength-division-multiplexing technology. Combined Pound-Drever-Hall and injection-locking technologies, pico-strain resolution down sub-herz is demonstrated in experiments.