Abstract Introduction Although mild traumatic brain injury ( mTBI ) comprises 80% of all TBI , the morphological examination orbitofrontal cortex OFC in relation to clinical symptoms such as aggression, anxiety and depression a strictly sample has never before been performed. Objectives The primary objective study was determine if patients would show differences morphology this region relate symptoms. Methods Using structural images acquired 3T MRI machine, cortical thickness volume...

Trauma-related diagnoses such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are prevalent in veterans. The identification of mechanisms related to vulnerability and development PTSD specifically a veteran population may aid the prevention novel treatment targets.Veterans with (n = 27), trauma-exposed veterans no (TEC, n 18) non-trauma-exposed controls (NTEC, 28) underwent single-voxel proton (1H) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 3 Tesla dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) using...

Introduction An average of 17.5 Veterans died by suicide each day in 2021, highlighting the importance research and prevention efforts aimed at risk. Attentional processes have emerged as a possible predictor behaviors (SB), yet associated neural correlates remain understudied, particularly Veteran population. Methods The current study examines sustained selective attention performance indexed Ruff 2 & 7 Selective Attention Test anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) volume they relate to...

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has a primary etiology in experiencing psychological trauma and the subsequent sequelae ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013 Association. (2013). Diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]). There are multiple types that may serve as index PTSD. This exploratory study compared DSM–5 PTSD symptoms for 3 veterans: combat (n = 36), sexual 21), civilian 21). Results indicated veterans...

A connection between suicidality and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been consistently demonstrated; however, the underlying relationship PTSD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine patterns DSM-5 symptom endorsement that differentiated veteran participants with without a history suicide behaviors. We enrolled 95 veterans, 32 whom reported no ideation (SI) or attempts (SA). 63 remaining SI, 28 also reporting historical SA. Participants completed standardized...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most prevalent injuries in military with mild traumatic (mTBI) accounting for approximately 70–80 % all TBI. TBI has been associated diffuse and focal changes to structures networks underlying cognitive-emotional processing. Although anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a critical role emotion regulation executive function susceptible mTBI, studies focusing on ACC resting state functional connectivity (rs-fc) Veterans are limited. mTBI (n = 49) no...

Suicide is a public health concern for United States veterans and civilians. Prior research has shown neurobiological factors in suicide. However, studies of neuroimaging correlates suicide risk have been limited. This study applied complex weighted network analyses to characterize the neural connectivity white matter with behavior. Twenty-eight without behavior (NS), 29 history suicidal ideation only (SI), 23 prior attempt (SA) completed diffusion tensor brain imaging, Columbia Severity...

Veterans experience chronic pain more frequently than civilians. Identification of neurobiological mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology in a veteran population may aid development novel treatment targets. In this pilot proof-of-concept study, veterans with (N = 61) and no 19) completed clinical interviews, self-report questionnaires inquiring about history, interference daily life, catastrophizing, as well measures depressive anxious symptoms. also underwent single-voxel proton (1H)...

This study examined differences in suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SAs) among veterans with chronic pain. Pain-specific variables, including catastrophic thinking, disability, sensory, affective, evaluative pain descriptors, were a focus. Structured diagnostic clinical interviews conducted to examine SI/SA mental health. Veterans completed the Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale assess Axis I symptoms behavior(s). Self-report questionnaires used...

Female Veterans are an increasing patient population in the Department of Affairs and may have distinct clinical neurobiological features compared to males. Nineteen female 19 male who met diagnostic criteria for depression/posttraumatic stress disorder (MDD/PTSD) completed interviews, symptom measures, resting-state neuroimaging. Participants measures mood aggression addition magnetic resonance imaging on a 3.0 Tesla Siemens scanner. Females showed increased functional connectivity between...

Suicide is a public health concern in the civilian and veteran populations. Stressful life events are precipitating factors for suicide. The neurochemical underpinnings of association between stress/trauma suicide risk unclear, especially regards to sex differences. We hypothesized that gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), major inhibitory neurotransmitter may be candidate critical stress veterans.Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) at 3.0 Tesla was used measure vivo neurochemistry...

In this study of veterans, we used a state-of-the-art neuroimaging tool to probe the neurometabolic profile anterior cingulate cortex in veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI). We report significantly elevated myoinositol levels TBI compared those without TBI.

Nonverbal memory decline is a concern associated with aging. Visuospatial tests often do not distinguish between learning, recall, or retrieval, yet such distinctions may help clarify the nature of difficulties. Further, many visuospatial rely on abilities directly related to (e.g. graphomotor skill). The present study examined feasibility and initial psychometric evidence Visual-Spatial Memory Recall Test (V-SMART).Ninety-nine adults (71% women) were recruited from two sources:...