A5083471069- Diet and metabolism studies
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Body Contouring and Surgery
- Renal and Vascular Pathologies
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Heart Failure Treatment and Management
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Diabetes Management and Research
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
University of Pisa
2016-2025
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana
2010-2019
Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica
2000-2017
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
2007
Ospedale del Ceppo
2001
Ospedale Cisanello
2001
Presidio Ospedaliero
1998
Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology
1998
Background Insulin resistance is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease progression. Current diagnostic tests, such as glycemic indicators, have limitations in the early detection of insulin resistant individuals. We searched novel biomarkers identifying these at-risk subjects. Methods Using mass spectrometry, non-targeted biochemical profiling was conducted cohort 399 nondiabetic subjects representing broad spectrum sensitivity glucose tolerance (based on...
Metabolomic screening of fasting plasma from nondiabetic subjects identified α-hydroxybutyrate (α-HB) and linoleoyl-glycerophosphocholine (L-GPC) as joint markers insulin resistance (IR) glucose intolerance. To test the predictivity α-HB L-GPC for incident dysglycemia, measurements were obtained in two observational cohorts, comprising 1,261 participants Relationship between Insulin Sensitivity Cardiovascular Disease (RISC) study 2,580 Botnia Prospective Study, with 3-year 9.5-year follow-up...
In obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), Roux-en-Y-gastric-bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SLG) improve glycemic control.The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms surgery-induced T2DM improvement role gastrointestinal hormones. PATIENTS, SETTING, AND INTERVENTION: 35 T2DM, we performed a mixed-meal test before 15 days 1 year after surgery (23 RYGB 12 SLG).Insulin sensitivity, β-cell function, amylin, ghrelin, PYY, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), glucagon,...
To test the hypothesis that enzymes conventionally associated with liver dysfunction (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT], and alkaline phosphatase) may predict diabetes.From a population-based diabetes survey, we selected 1,441 men women in whom serum enzyme levels were < or =3 SDs of mean population value, alcohol intake was <250 g/week, hepatitis B C virus testing negative. At follow-up (7 years), 94 subjects developed 93 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).At...
Context:Bariatric surgery can induce remission in a high proportion of severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Alterations in bile acid (BA) synthesis and transport have the potential to affect multiple metabolic pathways pathophysiology of obesity.The objective study was investigate effects obesity on serum fluctuations BAs markers BA synthesis.We measured 11 nonobese 32 obese subjects transporter expression liver specimens from 42 individuals duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, pancreas nine individuals.We analyzed after overnight fasting, during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, or mixed-meal...
Increased endogenous glucose production is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Evidence from animal models has suggested that likely cause this increased mRNA expression 6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (encoded by G6PC, PCK1 PCK2). But another contributing factor may be decreased liver glucokinase GCK). We examined these enzymes in biopsies 12 nondiabetic 28 diabetic individuals. Diabetic patients were further separated into those with HbA1c lower or higher than 7.0. In...
Gastric bypass surgery leads to marked improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity obese type 2 diabetes (T2D); the impact on fluxes response a physiological stimulus, such as mixed meal test (MTT), has not been determined. We administered an MTT 12 T2D patients 15 nondiabetic (ND) subjects before 1 year after (10 11 ND) using double-tracer technique modeling of β-cell function. In both groups postsurgery, tracer-derived appearance oral was biphasic, rapid increase followed by...
Background: Experimental evidence suggests a key role of SIRT1 (silent information regulator 1) in age- and metabolic-related vascular dysfunction. Whether these effects hold true the human microvasculature is unknown. We aimed to investigate very early stages obesity-related microvascular dysfunction humans. Methods: Ninety-five subjects undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were recruited stratified based on their body mass index status (above or below 30 kg/m 2 ) age 40 years) 4...
We examined whether the ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism modulates renal disease progression in IDDM and how inhibitors influence this relationship. The EURODIAB Controlled Trial of Lisinopril is a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trial 530 nonhypertensive, mainly normoalbuminuric patients aged 20-59 years. Albumin excretion rate (AER) was measured every 6 months for 2 Genotype distribution 15% II, 58% ID, 27% DD. Between genotypes, there were no differences baseline...
Fasting plasma glucose concentrations (FPG) predict development of type 2 diabetes. Whether hyperglycemia evolves from normoglycemia gradually over time or as a step increase is not known. We measured and insulin levels during oral testing in 35- to 64-year-old men nonpregnant women population-based survey (Mexico City Diabetes Study) at baseline (n = 2,279) after 3.25 1,740) 7 years 1,711) follow-up. In subjects with normal tolerance (NGT) on all three occasions (nonconverters; n 911), FPG...
3,5,3′-Levo-triiodothyronine (L-T3) is essential for DNA transcription, mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration, but its circulating levels rapidly decrease after myocardial infarction (MI). The main aim of our study was to test whether an early sustained normalization L-T3 serum MI exerts protective effects through a preservation. Seventy-two hours induced by anterior interventricular artery ligation, rats were infused with synthetic (1.2 μg/kg/day) or saline over 4 weeks. Compared saline,...
Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) improves insulin sensitivity and decreases serum cholesterol out of proportion with weight loss. Mechanisms these effects are unknown. One set proposed contributors to metabolic improvements after bariatric surgeries is bile acids (BAs). We investigated the early late BPD on plasma BA levels, composition, markers synthesis in 15 patients type 2 diabetes (T2D). compared Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) 22 T2D 16 normal glucose tolerance. Seven weeks BPD, had...
While hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism cause dysglycemia, the relationship between thyroid hormone levels within normal range insulin resistance (IR) is unclear. In 940 participants with strictly serum concentrations of free triiodothyronine (fT3), thyroxine (fT4), thyroid-stimulating (TSH) followed up for 3 yr, we measured sensitivity (by clamp technique) 35 circulating metabolites. At baseline, across quartiles increasing fT3 (or fT3/fT4 ratio) most features IR emerged [i.e., male sex,...
Low-calorie Mediterranean-style or low-carbohydrate dietary regimens are widely used nutritional strategies against obesity and associated metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness a balanced Mediterranean diet with on weight loss glucose homeostasis in morbidly obese individuals at high risk develop Insulin secretion, insulin clearance, different β-cell function components were estimated by modeling plasma glucose, C-peptide...
To evaluate microvascular permeability by the transcapillary escape rate of albumin (TERalb) in type II diabetic patients with normo- and microalbuminuria.The TERalb has been measured following intravenous injection 125I-labeled human serum 32 normotensive 9 healthy control subjects matched for sex age. Type were grouped normoalbuminuric, excretion (AER) < 20 micrograms/min (n = 18), microalbuminuric, AER 20-200 14) categories.In patients, no differences noted between microalbuminuric groups...
We explored the mechanisms by which a 4-month, placebo-controlled pioglitazone treatment (45 mg/day) improves glycemic control in type II diabetic patients (T2D, n=27) using physiological testing (6-h mixed meal) and triple tracer technique ([6,6-2H2]glucose infusion, 2H2O [6-3H]glucose ingestion) to measure endogenous glucose production (EGP), gluconeogenesis (GNG), insulin-mediated clearance β-cell sensitivity (by c-peptide modeling). Compared sex/age/weight-matched non-diabetic controls,...