Building on previous existential theorizing, terror management theory provides a unique approach to conceptualizing the development, maintenance, and impact of psychological disorders. The suggests that awareness mortality creates potential for anxiety, which is managed by an anxiety-buffering system consisting one's cultural worldview, self-esteem, interpersonal attachments. pursuit meaning, personal value, connections motivates much human behavior driven, in part, need control this...

Binge drinking is a public health concern due to its association with negative outcomes as well increased legal and social consequences. Previous studies have frequently used self-reported alcohol consumption classify binge episodes; however, these measures are often limited in both detail accuracy. Some researchers begun using additional such blood (BAC) breath (BrAC) concentrations supplement self-report data. Transdermal testing, or the detection of expiration through skin, offers...

Phishing is the spoofing of Internet websites or emails aimed at tricking users into entering sensitive information, with such goals as financial identity theft. The current study sought to determine whether age associated increased susceptibility phishing and tests executive functioning can predict susceptibility. A total 193 cognitively intact participants, 91 younger adults 102 older adults, were primarily recruited through a Psychology department undergraduate subject pool gerontology...

Royall and colleagues identified a latent dementia phenotype, "δ", reflecting the "cognitive correlates of functional status." We sought to cross-validate extend these findings in large clinical case series adults with without dementia.A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model for δ was fit National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data (n = 26,068). Factor scores derived from were compared Clinical Dementia Rating Sum Boxes (CDR-SB) clinically diagnosed dementia. A longitudinal...

Understanding the relationships between health and aging is essential for delaying morbidity maximizing independence in populations as life expectancies increase. Loss of cognitive function a feared age-associated condition growing public concern. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), most common cause dementia, has no curative therapies. Characterizing risk factors, biomarkers, AD progression critical development effective prediction, clinical intervention, ultimately, prevention. The Emory Healthy...

Background. Decreased automaticity is common among individuals with neurodegenerative disease and often assessed using dual-task (DT) paradigms. However, the best methods for assessing performance changes related to DT demands remain inconclusive. Objective. To investigate reliability validity of a novel battery measures (DT Effect—Battery (DTE-B)) encompassing three domains: task-specific interference, task prioritization, automaticity. Methods. Data this retrospective cross-sectional study...

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are considered diagnostic and prognostic indicators of dementia attributable to neurodegenerative processes. Little is known about the value early NPS on executive functioning (EF) decline in Alzheimer's disease related dementias (ADRD). We examined whether baseline predicted rate function among older adults with ADRD. Older (n = 1625) cognitive impairment were selected from National Coordinating Center database. EF was estimated a latent factor indicated by...

Two main approaches to the interpretation of cognitive test performance have been utilized for characterization disease: evaluating shared variance across tests, as with measures severity, and unique pattern error analysis. Both methods provide necessary information, but contributions each are rarely considered. This study compares 2 on their ability differentially diagnose accuracy, while controlling influence other relevant demographic risk variables.

Background: Dementia severity can be modeled as the construct δ, representing “cognitive correlates of functionalstatus.” Objective: We recently validated a model for estimating δ in National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center’s Uniform Data Set; however, association with neuropathology remains untested. Methods: used data from 727 decedents evaluated at Disease (AD) Centers nationwide. Participants spoke English, had no genetic abnormalities, and were pathologically diagnosed AD primary or...

Women account for two thirds of the prevalence and incidence Alzheimer's disease (AD) mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Evidence suggest that sex may differently influence expression proteins amyloid-beta (Aβ1-42) tau, which early detection is crucial in prevention disease.We investigated effect aging cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels Aβ1-42 tau on frontal metabolites measured with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) a cohort cognitively normal older women MCI.3T single-voxel MRS was...

Abstract Objectives Methods of evaluating clinically meaningful decline are critical in research on Alzheimer’s disease. A common method quantifying change is to calculate an anchor-based minimal important difference (MCID) score. In this approach, individuals who report a serve as the “anchors”, and mean level for group serves MCID. disease, there several possible anchors, including patients, knowledgeable observers (e.g., family member), clinicians. The goal study was examine extent which...

The serial position effect reveals that recall of a supraspan list words follows predictable pattern, whereby at the beginning (primacy) and end (recency) are recalled more easily than in middle. This has typically been studied using single list-learning trials, but neuropsychology, multi-trial tests commonly used. current study examined trends learning for primacy, middle, recency effects across multiple trials younger older age cohorts. Participants were 158 volunteers, including 79 adults...

Abstract Background Neuropsychiatric symptoms due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can decrease quality of life for patients increase caregiver burden. Better characterization neuropsychiatric methods analysis are needed identify effective treatment targets. The current investigation leveraged the National Coordinating Center (NACC) Uniform Data Set (UDS) examine network structure among symptomatic older adults with impairment. Methods relationships behavioral...

Background:There are no agreed-upon variables for predicting progression from unimpaired cognition to amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), or aMCI Alzheimer's disease (AD). Objective:Use ADNI data develop a 'Framingham-like' prediction model 4-year period. Methods:We develope d models using the strongest baseline predictors six domains (demographics, neuroimaging, CSF biomarkers, genetics, tests, and functional ability). We chose best predictor each domain, which was dichotomized into...

Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) are associated with mild cognitive impairment and dementia but understudied in African Americans (AAs). We compared SMC endorsement white AA participants evaluated predictors of diagnostic progression.Initial visit variables, including performance, were within a cognitively normal race-matched sample (Ntotal = 912; 456each race) to assess the presence SMC, future progression, change performance over time.More (32.9%) than (24.3%) reported (P < .01, ϕ...

The current study developed regression-based normative adjustments for a bi-factor model of the Brief Test Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT). Archival data from Midlife Development in United States-II Cognitive Project were used to develop eight separate linear regression models that predicted BTACT scores, accounting age, education, gender, and occupation-alone various combinations. All provided statistically significant fit data. A three-predictor best accounted 32.8% variance global...

The original factor structure of the Repeatable Battery for Assessment Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) has received little empirical support, but at least eight alternative structures have been identified in literature. current study used confirmatory analysis to compare RBANS model with alternatives, which were adjusted include a general factor. Participant data obtained from Project FRONTIER, an epidemiological rural health, and comprised 341 adults (229 women, 112 men) mean age 61.2...

High school athletes are administered ImPACT at the start of academic year or sport season and again after suspected concussion. Concussion management involves comparison baseline post-injury cognitive scores with declines in providing evidence for concussive injury. A network framework may provide additional information about post-concussive changes expand characterization sport-related concussion (SRC) recovery.Retrospective cohort study.High school.High (n = 1553) were (T1), post-SRC (T2...

One of the most severe and challenging threats to Internet security is phishing, which uses spoofed websites steal users' passwords online identities. Phishers mainly use emails or instant messages lure users phishing websites. A email message provides first-layer context entice click on a URL, website further second-layer with look feel similar targeted legitimate submit their login credentials. In this paper, we focus explore extreme attacks; feasibility creating attacks that have almost...