A5035716492- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Brucella: diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Prion Diseases and Protein Misfolding
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Trace Elements in Health
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- interferon and immune responses
- Nursing Education, Practice, and Leadership
- Leptospirosis research and findings
- Diverse Educational Innovations Studies
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
Pharmaceutical Product Development (United States)
2024
Thermo Fisher Scientific (United States)
2024
Des Moines University
2022
National Animal Disease Center
2012-2021
Agricultural Research Service
2012-2021
Iowa State University
2018-2019
Engage
2019
United States Department of Agriculture
2012-2017
Frostburg State University
2016
National Institutes of Health
2015-2016
Escherichia coli DksA is a transcription factor that binds to RNA polymerase (RNAP) without binding DNA, destabilizing RNAP–promoter interactions, sensitizing RNAP the global regulator ppGpp, and regulating of several hundred target genes, including those encoding rRNA. Previously, we described promoter sequences kinetic properties account for DksA's specificity, but how exerts its effects on has remained unclear. To better understand mechanism action, incorporated benzoyl-phenylalanine at...
Previous studies have come to conflicting conclusions about the requirement for ω subunit of RNA polymerase in bacterial transcription regulation. We demonstrate here that purified RNAP lacking does not respond vitro effector stringent response, ppGpp. DksA, a factor works concert with ppGpp regulate rRNA expression vivo and vitro, fully rescues ppGpp-unresponsiveness ω, likely explaining why strains display response vivo. These results plays role function (in addition its previously...
Anthrax disease is caused by a toxin consisting of protective antigen (PA), lethal factor, and edema factor. Antibodies against PA have been shown to be the disease. Variable domains camelid heavy chain-only antibodies (VHHs) with affinity for were obtained from immunized alpacas screened anthrax neutralizing activity in macrophage toxicity assays. Two classes VHHs identified recognizing distinct, non-overlapping epitopes. One class recognizes domain 4 at well characterized site through...
The Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) prion protein gene (PRNP) is polymorphic at codon 132, with leucine (L132) and methionine (M132) allelic variants present in the population. In experimentally inoculated chronic wasting disease (CWD) agent, different incubation periods are associated PRNP genotype: LL132 survive longest, LM132 intermediate, MM132 shortest. purpose of this study was to investigate potential mechanisms underlying variations period genotypes. Elk calves three...
Abstract Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal, progressive that affects cervid species, including Rocky mountain elk ( Cervus elaphus nelsoni ). There are 2 allelic variants in the prion protein gene: L132 (leucine) and M132 (methionine). Following experimental oral challenge with CWD agent incubation periods longest LL132 elk, intermediate ML132 shortest MM132 elk. In order to ascertain whether such CWD-infected carry distinct strains, groups of Tg12 mice express were inoculated...
GM1-gangliosidosis (GM1) is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the galactosidase beta 1 gene (
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), including scrapie in sheep (Ovis aries), are fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by the misfolding of cellular prion protein (PrPC) into a â-rich conformer (PrPSc) that accumulates higher-order structures brain and other tissues. Distinct strains TSEs exist, characterized different pathologic profiles upon passage rodents representing distinct conformations PrPSc. One biochemical method distinguishing is stability PrPSc as determined...
In 2006, a case of H-type bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE-H) was diagnosed in cow that associated with heritable polymorphism the prion protein gene (PRNP) resulting lysine for glutamate amino acid substitution at codon 211 (called E211K) protein. Although prevalence this is low, cattle carrying K211 allele may be predisposed to rapid onset BSE-H when exposed or potential development genetic BSE. This study conducted better understand relationship between and its effect on BSE...
Significance Understanding microbial population dynamics during infection has important implications for disease management, transmission, and pathogen evolution. A quantitative analysis of structure requires the ability to track individual strains. We used a pool individually barcoded strains measure changes in Brucella abortus bovine hosts via ocular conjunctiva, natural route entry. Cattle exert severe bottleneck on bacterial entering through conjunctival mucosa such that cells have...
Abstract Hfq proteins in Gram‐negative bacteria play important roles bacterial physiology and virulence, mediated by binding of the hexamer to small RNAs and/or mRNAs post‐transcriptionally regulate gene expression. However, physiological role Hfqs Gram‐positive is less clear. Bacillus anthracis , causative agent anthrax, uniquely expresses three distinct proteins, two from chromosome (Hfq1, Hfq2) one its pXO1 virulence plasmid (Hfq3). The protein sequences Hfq1 3 are evolutionarily those...
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs), including scrapie in sheep, chronic wasting disease (CWD) cervids, transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME), and bovine spongiform (BSE), are fatal diseases of the nervous system associated with accumulation misfolded prion protein (PrP(Sc)). Different strains TSEs exist, different PrP(Sc) conformations that can be probed by stability assay, which is treated increasing concentrations denaturant guanidine hydrochloride (GdnHCl).Here, we provide...
Bacterial Hfq proteins post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, primarily by mediating the interaction between sRNAs (small RNAs) and their target mRNAs. The role of Hfq-based regulation has been well defined in Gram-negative bacteria, but comparatively less is known about impact Gram-positive species. pathogen Bacillus anthracis (causative agent anthrax) distinct that it expresses three homologs Hfq: Hfq1 Hfq2 from chromosome, Hfq3 pXO1 virulence plasmid. In this study, we utilized...
For many years, the nonprofit research community and practitioner sector have existed in two distinct silos, which has resulted limited influence of findings on how capacity building is practiced field. At same time, often conducted isolation practice, contributes to practice based anecdote conventional wisdom. With goal bridging sectors influencing field with Alliance for Nonprofit Managementand Pracademics section Association Research Organizations Voluntary Actionorganized a joint...
Brucella melitensis bacteria cause persistent, intracellular infections in small ruminants as well humans, leading to significant morbidity and economic loss worldwide. The majority of experiments on the transcriptional responses conditions inside host have been performed following invasion cultured mammalian cells, do not address gene expression patterns during long-term infection. Here, we examine application previously developed coincidence cloning methodology recover characterize B. RNA...
Inflammasomes act as sensors of infection or damage to initiate immune responses. While extensively studied in rodents, understanding livestock inflammasomes is limited. The NLRP1 inflammasome sensor rodents activated by Toxoplasma gondii, Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin (LT), and potentially other zoonotic pathogens. LT activates N-terminal proteolysis, inducing macrophage pyroptosis a pro-inflammatory cytokine response. In contrast, macrophages from humans certain rodent strains resistant...
In the area of hands-on science with public, microbiology poses particular challenges in offering activities that are safe and cheap, as well intriguing engaging. We developed MicroSafari part our work UW–Madison Biology Outreach Club (BOC), an all-volunteer organization biology graduate students. During period 2005–2009, we led over a dozen MicroSafaris at venues on campus communities, for groups families youth, group size ranging from 30 to 100. The is version Dyer’s Field Guide, using...
In response to several publicized failures of inactivation procedures, the Select Agent program in United States has recently focused on validation or documentation methods appropriate for biological select agents and toxins covered under regulations. Although some data Brucella spp are available within historical literature, reports primarily limited heat milk, there discrepancies among studies time required eliminate all viable bacteria. our experiment, complete elimination bacteria (B...