Guide vanes (GVs) are one of the components Francis turbine that most vulnerable to erosion. Presence hard minerals including feldspar and quartz cause erosion on surface GVs. This results in damage disturbances functioning turbine. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods useful estimate but dependent significantly models used for simulations. A three guide vane cascade (3GV) rig is a simplified setup recreates flow around Previous studies have visualize secondary flows GVs using Particle...

Hydro turbines are prone to failure and the detection of fault in turbine is essential ensure reliability power plant. This study investigates vibrational signals a fault-induced Francis using an experimental test setup identify trends that could be helpful diagnosis faults. By analyzing signal, aims correlate turbine's dynamic behavior. Faults have been introduced by adding masses blades, tests conducted under two different conditions: dry wet testing conditions for both normal faulty...

Abrasive wear in the clearance gap of guide vanes (GVs) increases size, which deteriorates flow and causes loss efficiency. This paper investigates performance a Francis turbine including erosion-induced gaps on GVs. The effect is studied numerically, by using GV runner blade passages. results are compared with an experiment conducted single rig, developed for same model. Simulations performed GVs NACA0012, NACA2412 NACA4412 profiles each at 11 operating conditions. It found that induces...

Abstract Clearance gaps between guide vanes and cover plates of Francis turbines tend to increase in size due simultaneous effect secondary flow erosion sediment affected hydropower plants. The pressure difference the two sides vane induces leakage through gap. This enters into suction side with high acceleration, disturbing primary causing more losses downstream turbine components. A cascade rig containing a single passage has been built study clearance gap using sensors PIV (Particle Image...

Abstract Electric Vehicle (EV) technology is the key to emission reduction and energy efficiency improvement targets while decreasing dependence on fossil fuel. Despite fact that replacing conventional vehicle powered by internal combustion engine with EVs reduce greenhouse gas emissions, limited range of has been leading their mass deployment towards saturation. This paper performs a scoping review articles anxiety induced among EV users. It explores user’s perception actual affecting...

Battery technology is the main driving force behind shift towards emission-free transportation. However, a major obstacle to widespread adoption of this need maintain battery's temperature at standard 27 °C. Traditionally, mixture ethylene glycol and water circulated through battery pack for cooling, but method not sufficient. By contrast, use graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) can improve heat transfer, reducing rise in cell. In study, customized has been simulated using coolants containing...

Sediment erosion is one of the key challenges in hydraulic turbines from a design and maintenance perspective Himalayas. The present study focuses on choosing best terms blade angle distribution Francis turbine runner which has least effect without influencing efficiency structural integrity. A fully coupled Fluid-Structure-Interaction (FSI) analysis was performed through multi-field solver, showed that maximum stress induced optimized for better sediment handling, less than reference...

Sediment erosion of hydraulic turbines is a significant challenge in hydropower plants mountainous regions like the European Alps, Andes, and Himalayan region. The erosive wear Pelton runner buckets influenced by variety factors, including size, hardness, concentration silt particles; velocity flow impingement angle jet; properties base material; operating hours turbine. This research aims to identify locations most susceptible elucidate mechanisms propagation two distinct designs buckets....

Abstract The rivers in certain geological regions like South Asia have sediment particles them. These cause erosion turbine components which is a major of deterioration and hampers efficient energy production. Out different modes Francis turbines, past studies shown that prominent its guide vanes. Its criticality stems from the ability eroded vane can disturb flow reaches runner inlet. Numerical study widely used to erosion. However, their inability evolve geometry with advent limits use....

Flow around the Guide vanes (GV) in Francis turbine differs with shape of hydrofoils.The difference pressure fluid travelling to side and suction GV contributes flow behavior.This study presents numerical technique using alternative clearance gap method predict its consequent effect on performance.GV profile has a significant performance sediment contained flow.In this paper, symmetrical NACA 0012 cambered 2412, 4412 hydrofoils are studied introducing 0 mm, 2 4 mm gaps.Vortex filament can be...

Abstract Erosion in guide vanes (GVs) has been reported from several power plants Himalayan and Andes basins which affects the efficiency of turbine. Wear clearance gaps (CGs) increases with sediments passing through them resulting increased gap size, disturbs flow into runner inducing more losses. This paper investigates erosion pattern around GVs along leakage flow. Simulations are carried out full GV model varying CGs inclusion sediment. 3 types viz., 0.5 mm, 1 mm 1.5 included numerical...

Abstract Despite the initiation of master plan, envisioned by government Nepal, complete electrification rural Nepal still seems over ambitious for quite a long time. Thus Micro Hydropower Plants (MHP) can be very effective electrification. Decades manufacturing same type turbines have saturated turbine industries which demands some new innovations and that could introduction Francis in Nepalese MHP. It’s undeniable there are umpteen opportunities manufacturers to manufacture install The...

The aim of this research is to synthesise a cost-effective biodegradable green composite for various low- and medium-load applications. tensile flexural results reveal that the rice bran composition in enhances stiffness composite, while strength hardness decrease. highest values 27 MPa 25 were obtained 15/85 treated composites, value young modulus 2958 was 35/65 combination. hardness, i.e., 11 HRF composite. water absorption test reveals hydrophilic nature hydrophobic PLA. Results also...

In Francis turbines, which are normally designed at a reaction ratio of 0.5, the available pressure energy in fluid is converted into 50% kinetic before entering runner. This causes high acceleration flow guide vanes (GVs), adds to unsteadiness and losses turbine. sediment-affected power plants, hard sand particles erode gradually increase clearance gap between GV facing plates, more disturbances downstream turbine components. study focuses on investigating through with cambered hydrofoil...

Abstract The sediments in the flow cause deterioration of components hydraulic machinery and influence fundamental properties such as density viscosity flowing fluid. Earlier researchers have demonstrated sediment-laden on performance pumps, but investigations not been performed for Francis turbine. This research focused effects a Hydropower Research Centre Himalayan Region (HRCHR) had laboratory facility especially designed to conduct tests Turbines with flow. test rig was closed-loop type...

Abstract Francis turbine serves as a prominent hydro choice for harnessing water-based energy. However, the presence of sediment particles in river environments poses considerable challenge constructing hydropower facilities along sediment-laden rivers. This is particularly pronounced scenarios involving high- and medium-head hydroelectric power installations. Erosion emerges significant concern such contexts due to abrasive impact on turbines, which can have adverse effect its performance,...

The expansion of the existing industries involved in production components hydropower to Francis turbine manufacturer up 5 MW unit size has been recognized as one most promising business models Nepal. Given current fact that development turbines with manufacturers Nepal not done yet, due lack designing expertise and limitations available technology, this paper presents use different manufacturing technologies, which is suitable Nepalese market. This an experience based paper, advanced...