In this paper, a low F-number freeform off-axis three-mirror system with rectangular field-of-view (FOV) is presented, and the has an integrated configuration that can be aligned ordinary methods. The initial structure solved analytically, optimization process described in detail. This F/1.38 4° × 5° FOV provides good imaging performance, especially middle-wave long-wave infrared bands. primary mirror tertiary are approximately tangent, so these two mirrors fabricated on single substrate....

In this paper, a novel method is proposed to design the freeform off-axis reflective imaging systems. A special algorithm demonstrated calculate data points on unknown surface using rays from multiple fields and different pupil coordinates. These are used construct three-dimensional surfaces in an system which works for certain object size width of light beam. An unobscured with can be obtained directly method, it taken as good starting point further optimization. The benefit by designing...

In this paper, a construction method through forward and reverse ray tracing for design of ultra-wide linear field-of-view (FOV) off-axis freeform systems is proposed. The initial system numerically constructed by point-by-point calculation. This begins with spherical solved the paraxial optical theory. method, primary mirror calculated tracing; hence, size position aperture stop not affected changes mirrors. fields in are selected to cause certain beam overlaps on between adjacent fields....

Abstract The distribution of transmission lines is complex, influenced by terrain and topography, making their maintenance management challenging. With the advancement global mechanization, various types construction machinery large‐scale mechanical equipment are continually increasing. Accidental contact near poses a serious threat to stability power system. Traditional drones inspection robots face difficulties in achieving real‐time monitoring around lines, quickly identifying potential...

In this paper, a new parameter, field focal length (FFL), is introduced to characterize the optical properties for each of an system. A freeform three-mirror off-axis reflective system, working as oblique camera, found have various FFLs across angle 30°. With help FFL, ground resolution (GR) camera analyzed under two modes. One modes has more uniform GR when with larger FFL value aims at object far away from camera. By using control GR, system designed that constant within 99.41% over view.

The aim of this study was to investigate the benefits incorporation graphene oxide-silica (GO@SiO2) on degree conversion and bond strength an experimental dental adhesive.The GO@SiO2 nanocomposites were prepared characterized by using FTIR, Raman TEM.After that, added into bonding system as novel nanofiller, effect modification dispersion stability in adhesive studied.In addition, real-time light kinetic curves calculated.Furthermore, restorative resin investigated.The result showed that...

The massiveness of devices in crowded Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications brings new challenges to existing random-access (RA) schemes, such as heavy signaling overhead and severe access collisions. In order reduce the overhead, we propose a fixed-symbol aided RA scheme where active network grant-free method, i.e., data packets are directly transmitted randomly chosen slots. To further address collision which impedes activity detection, one fixed symbol is inserted into each packet...

As one of KDTICM[8] theory researches, this paper propose an improved algorithm -- CBA, which is based on KDD* model and combined with KAAPRO method, for protein secondary structure prediction problem. Further, multi-layer systematic model--Compound Pyramid Model, proposed. The kernel CBA a classic association rules analysis algorithm. Domain knowledge used through the model, phy-chemical attributes chosen by Causal Cellular Automation. In experiment, proteins bias alpha/beta are precisely...

To the best of our knowledge, problem mining multi-relational frequent patterns in data streams is still unsolved up to now. attack this problem, an algorithm RFPS, which based on novel synopsis and declarative bias, proposed paper. By introducing a new method, where period sampling used, many samplespsila checking operations are avoided. Meanwhile, lots relation join abridged by utility Join Tree, makes pattern refinement RFPS more efficient. The theoretical analysis experiments show that,...

Technology of frequent pattern tree is presented in the paper. This paper analyzes defect and limitation algorithm based on classic association rules. Then KDD* model this article implement an rules algorithms IFP-tree. The middle results finally patterns are stored database. build IFP-tree speed mining has certain improvement. Finally, experiments reports confirmed that if effective reliable for

This paper proposes an adaptive candidate selection scheme in the QRM-MLD algorithm for MIMO detection. The is a near-ML detection which can achieve tradeoff between BER performance and computational complexity systems. In this paper, we adopt into QRM-MLD. First, similarly to conventional QRM-MLD, proposed applies fixed number of survived branches performance. Next, order evaluate reliability each layer, introduce ratio function path metric smallest among branches. branch with lower has...

One of the main obstacles facing current data mining techniques is attribute reduction. This paper summarized advantages and disadvantages reduction algorithm, proposed a new method that taken correlation degree as heuristic information; this can remove not only irrelevant attributes, but also redundant attributes from candidate set. Theoretical analysis experiment results demonstrate on premise unchanged classification precision, algorithm obtain best reduce set effectively efficiently.

Safety inventory quantity computation based on Collaborative Planning Forecasting & Replenishment (CPFR) can avoid uncertainty of material supply in building construction, which also coordinate relationship between supplier and construction side to reduce cost ensure the progress construction. The paper analyzed systematically lead time safety inventory. Combining with application CPFR establishing good relation contractors, level was reduced management time. Supply coordinated quantity....

In this paper, we demonstrated the design method of freeform unobscured reflective imaging systems using point-bypoint Construction-Iteration (CI) method. Compared with other point-by-point methods, light rays multiple fields and different pupil coordinates are employed in design. The whole process starts from a simple initial system consisting decentered tilted planes. preliminary surfaces-construction stage, as well surface normals feature data points on each can be calculated directly...

Surface measurement and analysis are important to freeform surface optical systems. The deviation from designed is generally regarded as a judging criterion of real quality. In off-axis systems, some surfaces contain no reference points. Measured data such can only constitute fitted surface, but the spatial position difficult be determined make smallest by internal algorithms. besides deviations, tangent vector variations lattice measured also affect image Consequently quality should...

In this paper, we present an efficient quantization scheme for lattice-reduction (LR) aided (LRA) MIMO detection using Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization. For the LRA detection, step applies simple rounding operation, which often leads to errors. Meanwhile, these errors may result in Hence, motivation of proposed is further solve problem degrading performance due signal estimation. decreases a tree search with threshold function. Through analysis and simulation results, can achieve near-ML only...

An important issue our engineers and technicians met is that how to do safe identification earthquake resistant strengthening of the primary secondary school buildings after WenChuan earthquake. The paper reviewed entirely quality detection, design in Xi'an. In this paper, influences construction progress, complexity period are all taken into account order choose corresponding seismic method which based on qualification on-the-spot survey. Problems existed project presented can be for...