A5060439808- Aeolian processes and effects
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Landslides and related hazards
- Geological formations and processes
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Marine and environmental studies
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Environmental and Ecological Studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Microplastics and Plastic Pollution
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
Loughborough University
2015-2024
Agricultural Research Service
2011-2014
Griffith University
2011-2014
Cropping Systems Research Laboratory
2011-2014
University of Virginia
2011-2012
McCormick (United States)
2011
United States Department of Agriculture
2011
University of Northampton
2006
Natural dust is often associated with hot, subtropical deserts, but significant events have been reported from cold, high latitudes. This review synthesizes current understanding of high-latitude (≥50°N and ≥40°S) source geography dynamics provides a prospectus for future research on the topic. Although fundamental processes controlling aeolian emissions in latitudes are essentially same as temperate regions, there additional specific to or enhanced cold regions. These include low...
We present a simple theoretical land-surface classification that can be used to determine the location and temporal behaviour of preferential sources terrestrial dust emissions.The also provides information about likely nature sediments, their erodibility likelihood they will generate emissions under given conditions.The scheme is based on dual notions geomorphic type connectivity between units.We demonstrate map potential modern-day in Chihuahuan Desert, Lake Eyre Basin Taklamakan.Through...
The spatial and temporal variability of dust emissions from different surfaces in the Lake Eyre Basin, Australia is determined using MODIS data. For 2003–6 sources 529 plumes were classified: overall 37% originated areas aeolian deposits, 30% alluvial deposits floodplains 29% ephemeral lakes or playas. At this sub‐basin scale, relative importance source geomorphologies varied primarily response to sediment supply availability was not related transport capacity, suggesting Basin a...
Establishing mineral dust impacts on Earth's systems requires numerical models of the cycle. Differences between optical depth (DOD) measurements and modelling cycle emission, atmospheric transport, deposition indicate large model uncertainty due partially to unrealistic assumptions about emission frequency. Calibrating DOD typically in North Africa, are routinely used reduce magnitude. This calibration forces modelled emissions match but may hide correct magnitude frequency events at...
Abstract The preferential dust source (PDS) scheme enables large‐scale mapping of geomorphology in terms importance for emissions but has not been independently tested other than at local scales. We examine the PDS qualitative conceptual model surface emissivity alongside a quantitative measurement loading from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Deep Blue Collection 6 Chihuahuan Desert. predicted ranked each geomorphic type is compared with actual as determined...
Most sources of atmospheric dust on Earth are located in the Northern Hemisphere. The lower emissions Southern Hemisphere part limit supply micronutrients (primarily soluble iron) to Ocean, thereby constraining its productivity. Climate and land use change can alter current distribution source regions Earth. Can new be activated Hemisphere? Here we show that vegetation loss dune remobilization Kalahari promote comparable those observed from major contemporary African region. Dust generation...
Desert dust, both modern and ancient, is a critical component of the Earth system. Atmospheric dust has important effects on climate by changing atmospheric radiation budget, while deposited influences biogeochemical cycles in oceans land. Dust snow ice decreases its albedo, allowing more light to be trapped at surface, thus increasing rate melt influencing energy budgets river discharge. In human realm, contributes transport allergens pathogens when inhaled can cause or aggravate...
ABSTRACT Field‐measured patterns of mean velocity and turbulent airflow are reported for isolated barchan dunes. Turbulence was sampled using a high frequency sonic anemometer, deriving near‐surface Reynolds shear normal stresses. Measurements upwind over crest‐brink separated indicated that stress sustained despite reduction at the dune toe. The mapped streamline angles enhanced intensities suggest effects positive curvature responsible this maintenance stress. This field evidence supports...
Abstract Please click here to download the map associated with this article. The Chihuahuan Desert of central northern Mexico and southern Arizona, New Texas, USA, is a regionally significant dust 'hot-spot' in North America. Typical other such hot-spots, desert consists mosaic geomorphological settings, each which has varying propensity for emission. Recently, classification system emission potential based on surface geomorphic characteristics that establishes common framework describing...
The wind-blown entrainment, transportation, and deposition of mineral dust originating in the high latitudes plays a significant role atmospheric, cryospheric, marine terrestrial environments at regional scale. However, intermittent nature events occurring over broad spatial scales is difficult to capture from field studies alone. Remote sensing datasets are well-suited overcoming some these limitations, while they have been effectively used characterise understand activity across major...
Emergence and growth of sand dunes result from the dynamic interaction between topography, wind flow sediment transport. While feedbacks these variables are well studied at scale a single relatively small dune, average effect periodic large-scale dune pattern on atmospheric flows remains poorly constrained, due to pressing lack data in major seas. Here, we compare local measurements surface winds predictions ERA5-Land climate reanalysis four locations Namibia, both within outside giant...
Wind erosion is a threat to the sustainability and productivity of soils that takes place at local, regional, global scales. Current estimates cost wind have not included costs associated with loss soil biodiversity reduced ecosystem functions. Microorganisms carried in dust are responsible for numerous critical processes including biogeochemical cycling nutrients, carbon storage, aggregation, transformation toxic compounds source soil. Currently, much information on microbial transport has...
Abstract Modeled estimates of eolian dust emission can vary by an order magnitude due to the spatiotemporal heterogeneity emissions. To better constrain location and emissions, a surface erodibility factor is typically employed in models. Several landscape‐scale schemes representing potential for use models have recently been proposed, but validation such has only attempted indirectly with medium‐resolution remote sensing mineral aerosol loadings high‐resolution land mapping. In this study,...
Measurements of atmospheric dust have long influenced our understanding sources and model calibration. However, assessing emission magnitude frequency may reveal different source dynamics is critical for informing land management. Here we use MODIS (500 m) albedo-based daily wind friction estimates to produce a new climatology North America (2001–2020), calibrated by the novel point from optical satellite observations (rather than being tuned in atmosphere). Calibrated occurred predominantly...