Abstract The dynamic interaction between the traveling charges and molecular vibrations is critical for charge transport in organic semiconductors. However, a direct evidence of expected impact charge-phonon coupling on band dispersion semiconductors yet to be provided. Here, we report electronic properties rubrene single crystal as investigated by angle resolved ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. A gap opening kink-like features are observed. In particular, latter results large...

One-dimensional stability analysis of a hydraulic system composed penstock, runner, and draft tube was carried out to determine the cause full load surge. It is assumed that cavity volume at runner exit function pressure vortex core evaluated from instantaneous local an additional decrease due centrifugal force on swirling flow. found diffuser effect has destabilizing over all flow rates, while swirl effects stabilize∕destabilize larger∕smaller rates than swirl-free rate. Explanations...

Customer feedback is a valuable resource for evaluating and improving product performance. In this paper, we propose rigorous yet practical method efficiently extracting consumer complaints from data translating them into actionable managerial insights to improve or production attributes. We partner with leading food company in the US demonstrate how our can provide manufacturers by using proprietary sourced its customer care centers. first identify key pertaining aspects such as smell,...

Alternate blade cavitation, rotating cavitation and surge in rocket turbopump inducers were simulated by a three dimensional commercial CFD code. In order to clarify the cause of instabilities, velocity disturbance caused was obtained subtracting vector under non-cavitating condition from that cavitating condition. It found there exists flow towards trailing edge tip cavity. This has an axial component downstream which reduces incidence angle next blade. all instabilities start occur when...

The purpose of the present research is to suppress cavitation instabilities by using a circumferential groove. groove was designed based on CFD so that tip leakage vortex trapped and does not interact with next blade. Experimental results show can rotating cavitation, asymmetric surge. However, weak higher frequency could be suppressed From analysis pressure pattern similar for rotor-stator interaction, it found components are caused interaction backflow vortices inducer blades.

The structural order of C60 thin films is shown to be significantly improved by inserting a templating layer diindenoperylene (DIP) between the SiO2 substrate and C60. In contrast growth on an amorphous like SiO2, grown DIP exhibits alignment fcc-domains with (111) plane parallel significant increase coherent in-plane island size factor ∼4. Modification quality bottom leads change in top layer. addition, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy data from templated nontemplated are discussed....

Motivated by a bioinspired optimal aerodynamic design of multi-propeller configuration, here we propose ducted to explore the improvement lift force production and FM efficiency in quadrotor drones through optimizing configuration. We first conducted CFD-based study high-performance duct morphology single-propeller model terms performance volume. The effect configuration on is then investigated tip distance height difference propellers under hovering state. Our results indicate that...

Flow instabilities in hydraulic machines often feature oscillating cavitation volumes, which locally introduce compliance and mass flow gain effects. These unsteady characteristics play a crucial role one-dimensional stability models can be determined through the definition of transfer functions for state variables, where volume is commonly estimated from discharge difference between two points located upstream downstream cavity. This approach demonstrated on test rig with microturbine,...

Molecular orientation dependences of the ionization energy (IE) and electron affinity (EA) diindenoperylene (DIP) films were studied by using ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy inverse spectroscopy. The molecular was controlled preparing DIP on graphite SiO2 substrates. threshold IE EA thin determined to be 5.81 3.53 eV for film flat-lying orientation, respectively, 5.38 3.13 standing respectively. result indicates that are larger 0.4 frontier orbital states shift away from vacuum level...

We applied in situ x-ray reflectivity and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy to study the impact of annealing on low temperature (200 K) deposited organic thin films diindenoperylene (DIP) SiO2 indium tin oxide (ITO). At 200 K, DIP is crystalline amorphous ITO. Upon heating room temperature, roughness reduced both substrates, from 1.5 nm 0.75 (SiO2) 0.90 0.45 The smoothing accompanied by crystallization surface molecules, whereas bulk structure does not strongly reorganize.

Journal Article Cross-category effects and private labels Get access Timothy Richards, Richards * Arizona State University, Mesa, USA *Corresponding author: E-mail: trichards@asu.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Koichi Yonezawa, Yonezawa Sophie Winter European Review of Agricultural Economics, Volume 42, Issue 2, April 2015, Pages 187–216, https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbu016 Published: 12 June 2014 history Received: 01 2013 Accepted:

Model tests and CFD were carried out to find the cause of cavitation surge in hydraulic power plants. In experiments was observed at flow rate, both with without a tank placed just upstream inlet volute. The frequency smaller rate much than swirl mode caused by whirl vortex rope. An unsteady two boundary conditions: (1) is fixed be constant volute inlet, (2) total pressure kept corresponding without/with tank. conditions higher lower rates. Discussions as are made based on additional an...

This paper introduces an experimental method for the evaluation of dynamic transfer matrices using only pressure transducers. The discharge fluctuations are evaluated from fluctuation difference at different streamwise locations. resistance, inertance and compliance elements determined by simple flow configurations. is then validated comparing matrix components to theoretical values. results show that direct measurement produces good below first structural eigenfrequency system. Furthermore,...

Three inducers were designed to avoid cavitation instabilities. This was accomplished by avoiding the interaction of tip cavity with leading edge next blade. The first one extremely larger sweep, second and third ones smaller incidence angle reducing inlet blade or increasing design flow rate, respectively. inducer rate has outlet obtain sufficient pressure rise. sweep could suppress instabilities in higher rates more than 95% coefficient, owing weaker leakage vortex stronger disturbance...

Based on the one-dimensional stability analysis, self-excited oscillation in hydraulic power generating systems was studied by a simple experiment and numerical simulation. It shown that cavity conical diffuser can cause surge. With diffuser, high amplitude low frequency occurs at cavitation number. This not observed with straight pipe. confirmed effect of draft tube be full load surge system. Numerical results were also analyzed to check validity analysis.

The influence of walls on the performance multiple rotor type drones is numerically simulated. With current wide-spread applications autonomously flyable UAVs, there are potential needs to use for inspections and observation near various structures, such as buildings bridges. flow fields around rotors influenced significantly by existence an upper or a side wall, so that thrust, required torque, other forces moments changed. It found when approaches distance between wall less than diameter...

Bargaining between consumer‐product manufacturers and their retail customers is at least nominally constrained by the prohibitions on price discrimination of Robinson–Patman Act (RPA) 1936. However, because RPA generally regarded as being inconsistent with anti‐trust principle protecting consumers, it not often enforced Federal Trade Commission or Anti‐trust Division Department Justice. Because perceived ineffectiveness RPA, unclear whether follow letter law, actively bargain downstream...

The effects of acoustic modes in the penstock on self-excited oscillation hydraulic power system were studied by assuming a finite sound velocity penstock. flow draft tube is considered to be incompressible that length smaller than wavelength oscillation. It was found various can become unstable (amplified) diffuser effect or swirl from runner. Their each mode are discussed.