Experts acquire domain‐specific skills as a result of the activities in which they participate throughout their development. We examine two groups elite youth soccer players participated between six and 12 years age. Our goal was to early participation differences those who progressed professional status at 16 age did not. Data were contrasted control group recreational‐level examined context Developmental Model Sport Participation, supports importance late specialization diversity The went...

We review contemporary research on perceptual-cognitive expertise in sport and consider implications for those working the field of applied cognitive psychology. identify important skills that facilitate anticipation illustrate how these interact a dynamic manner during performance. also highlight our current understanding are acquired extent to which underlying processes specific particular domain role within domain. Next, we briefly recent attempts acquisition using simulation training...

Abstract We examined the practice activities and instructional behaviours employed by 25 youth soccer coaches during 70 different sessions. evaluated extent to which these differ from those shown in contemporary research best facilitate skill acquisition. Nine worked with under-9 years age group eight each under-13 under-16 groups; nine of were at elite level, sub-elite seven non-elite level. Coaches had players spend more time that deemed less relevant match performance, termed “training...

The ability to anticipate and make decisions is crucial skilled performance in many sports. We examined the role of interaction between different perceptual-cognitive skills underlying anticipation decision making. Skilled less players interacted as defenders with life-size film sequences 11 versus soccer situations. Participants were presented task conditions which ball was located offensive or defensive half pitch ( far vs. near conditions). Participants’ eye movements verbal reports...

The aim of this study was to define and categorise different styles play in elite soccer associated performance indicators by using factor analysis. Furthermore, the observed teams were categorised all scores. Data collected from 97 matches Spanish La Liga English Premier League seasons 2006-2007 2010-2011 Amisco® system. A total 19 indicators, 14 describing aspects attacking five defensive play, included Six factors, representing 12 (eight four defensive), had eigenvalues greater than 1...

We review contemporary research focusing on expertise and expert performance in sport. The deliberate practice theoretical framework is presented, the level of investment purposeful needed to reach elite sport illustrated. highlight some adaptations that occur as a result extended engagement training, with particular reference perceptual-cognitive skills, such anticipation decision-making. These psychological are explained through long-term working memory theory. Finally, approach presented...

We examined whether soccer players with varying levels of perceptual-cognitive expertise can be differentiated based on their engagement in various types and amounts activity during development. A total 64 participants interacted life-size video clips 11 versus dynamic situations soccer, viewed from the first-person perspective a central defender. They were required to anticipate actions opponents make appropriate decisions as how best respond. Response accuracy scores used categorise elite...

The ability to produce creative solutions is a key part of expert performance. aim this study was identify the visual search behaviors that underpin superior performance skilled soccer players during simulated 11-a-side match play. Players (N = 44) were required interact with representative life-size video-based simulation attacking situations whilst in possession ball. Clips occluded at moment and they play ball response each situation presented. Moreover, name other additional actions...

Talent identification (TID) and development (TDE) are large fields in professional soccer science. However, TID TDE processes youth academies have not been assessed detail. As such, our aim was to survey clubs from around the world about their academy processes, with 29 responding survey. changed as a function of player age. involved finding best players locally regionally, but for older search widened nationally internationally needs first team. Clubs used multidisciplinary approach TID,...

The developmental activities of 328 elite soccer players aged under-16 years from Brazil, England, France, Ghana, Mexico, Portugal and Sweden were examined using retrospective recall in a cross-sectional research design. compared to the early diversification, specialisation, engagement pathways. Players started their involvement at approximately 5 age. During childhood, they engaged practice for mean value 185.7, s = 124.0 h · year(-¹), play 186.0, 125.3 competition 37.1, 28.9 year(-¹). A...

We examined whether high‐ or low‐performing soccer players, classified based on established measures of perceptual‐cognitive expertise, differed in regard to their practice history profiles and ability recall elements match performance. In Study 1, we measured expertise elite ( n = 48) non‐elite 12) youth players using empirical tests skill. then used a quartile split stratify into either high‐performing groups test scores. A group acted as controls. 2, an questionnaire examine...

Performance improvement is thought to occur through engagement in deliberate practice. Deliberate practice predicted be challenging, effortful, and not inherently enjoyable. Expert intermediate level Gaelic football players executed two types of kicks during an acquisition phase pre-, post-, retention tests. During acquisition, participants self-selected how they practiced rated the characteristics for effort enjoyment. The expert group predominantly skill were weaker at improved its...

A focus of attention on the step-by-step control a skill has been shown to be detrimental experts' performance but have no significant effect novices' (e.g., S. L. Beilock, T. H. Carr, C. MacMahon, & J. Starkes, 2002), contrary results manipulations direction attentional G. Wulf, M. Höss, W. Prinz, 1998). In previous studies, researchers not separated from nature instruction provided or level participants. present experiment, 10 skilled and less soccer players dribbled ball after receiving...

We examined the developmental activities that contribute to development of superior anticipation skill among elite cricket batters. The batters viewed 36 video clips involving deliveries from bowlers were occluded at ball release and required predict delivery type. Accuracy scores used create two subgroups: high-performing low-performing anticipators. Questionnaires record participation history profiles groups. In early stages development, hours accumulated in other sports, as well...

We examined the practice activities employed by 53 youth football coaches working in academy professional top-division clubs from England, Germany, Portugal, and Spain. This is first study to explore microstructure of coach-led elite across multiple countries. A total 83 sessions under-12 under-16 age groups was collected situ. Sessions were analysed for proportion time 'non-active decision-making' (e.g., unopposed technical or tactical skills practices, fitness training) 'active small-sided...

Practice plays an important role in skill acquisition, although not all practice is of equal quality. We examined the types team activities four groups youth cricket players. The were recreational- and elite-children (9 to 12 years age) elite-adolescent players (13 17 age). Time motion analysis recorded duration two activities, namely, Training Form Playing Form. mainly drill-type whereas games-based activities. activity thought contain fewer opportunities develop perceptual, cognitive motor...