This is a study of social mobility within the developing class structures modern industrial societies based on unique data-set constructed by John Goldthorpe and Robert Erikson. The focus experience European nations - western eastern in period `long boom' following Second World War; but book also devotes separate chapters to examining USA, Australia, Japan. authors combine historical statistical approaches their analysis both trends cross-national similarities differences. They show that...

The starting point of almost all recent discussions comparative (i.e. cross-national) social mobility rates has been the thesis advanced by Lipset and Zetterberg in 1959 that 'the overall pattern appears to be much same industrial societies various Western countries'. ' Although recognized data on which this rested were often a doubtful quality, they none less maintained reservations cautions are order do not invalidate finding, number other researchers area, such as Pitirim Sorokin, Robert...

The usual model of electoral reaction to economic conditions assumes the “retrospective” voter who bases expectations solely on recent performance or personal experience (voter as “peasant”). A second a “sophisticated” incorporates new information about future into “banker”). Using components, both retrospective and prospective, Index Consumer Sentiment (ICS) intervening variables between approval, we find that prospective component fully accounts for presidential approval time series. With...

An increased interest in the social class position of women has followed labour force participation married women. But if more than one member a family is assigned independently other members, two basic factors position, according to Lockwood, work situation and market situation, do not necessarily coincide, since relates uniquely individual, while refers or household. It suggested that based on occupations individuals, should be used as an indicator information about those members who carry...

When economists are concerned with the inheritance of inequality, they typically focus on intergenerational transmission income or wealth. In contrast, sociologists more likely to analyze mobility between (and immobility in) different class positions.

In this article we start from Boudon's important, but still surprisingly neglected, distinction between `primary' and `secondary' effects in the creation of class differentials educational attainment. Primary are all those, whether a genetic or socio-cultural kind, that expressed via association children's backgrounds their actual levels academic performance. Secondary those choices children differing make within range choice previous performance allows them. We apply method introduced by...

Social class differentials in educational attainment have been extensively studied numerous countries. In this paper, we begin by examining the progression to higher secondary education among 16-year-old children England and Wales. As has shown for other countries, result both from primary effects of differing levels academic performance different background differences choices that these make at given performance. Through counterfactual analyses which distribution one is combined with...

From an early, incorrect consensus that party identification was free of the short-term influences political life, its aggregate, macropartisanship, drew little scholary notice. Though typically seen as a biennial time series, appears essentially constant, our quarterly treatment demonstrates substantial and notably systematic movement this crucial barometer U.S. system. We demonstrate it varies systematically with respect to time, has electoral consequences, can be modeled function economic...

This paper explores the relationship between partisan division of northern vote in U.S. House elections and seats. From at least 1952 through 1964, there was a noticeable pro-Republican bias to districting, sense that Republicans consistently won about ten per cent more seats than Democrats could obtain from same percentage vote. Following 1964 election, this inequity has disappeared, but evidence suggests change is only temporary. The normal pattern Republican advantage produced by...

The growing concern about economic inequality leads to a similar political inequality. This article explores the seeming contradiction between literature pointing in representation United States and showing that public policy does tend represent opinion general. Low-income voters are much less likely vote or be politically knowledgeable than high-income voters, which limits their influence creates an upper-income bias effective opinion. Considerable research suggests low-income voters'...

The study of state politics has suffered because the lack good data on major political orientations at level. This paper briefly discusses this problem and need for survey-based measures, then presents sets estimates partisanship ideology. These are derived from aggregating CBS News-New York Times polls Using fifty-one taken 1974 through 1982, our based over 76,000 respondents. shown to have overall validity reliability, should prove valuable in studies comparative elections policymaking.

This analysis demonstrates that the relative growth of per capita income change is an important determinant post-World War II presidential election outcomes. Per even a better predictor outcomes than electorate's attraction to Democratic and Republican candidates as calibrated in National Election Study surveys. The significance this finding discussed.

When comparing states in the United States, one finds little correlation between state opinion and party control of legislature or policy. Although these low correlations seeming to indicate that partisan politics is irrelevant representation process, opposite true. State influences ideological positions parties, parties' responsiveness helps determine their electoral success. Moreover, parties move toward center once office. For reasons, largely responsible for

Reexamining Miller and Stokes's 1958 representation data, this article demonstrates that Stokes may have underestimated the extent of congressional in their classic study. It is argued correlations between sampled constituency opinion behavior are more seriously attenuated by sampling error than has been recognized. Unlike opinion, measures based on simulation shown to correlate relatively highly with behavior. Evidence presented which indicates elections a major source representation.

List of Figures and Tables Preface Credits for CHAPTER 1 Public Opinion in Democratic Societies 1-1 Government 1-2 Defined 1-3 The Evolution the Poll 1-4 Modern Its Political Consequences 1-5 Sources Information on 1-6 Linkage Models Between Policies 1-7 Plan This Book 2 Polling: Scientific Assessment 2-1 Sampling 2-2 Question Wording 2-3 Misuse Surveys 2-4 Interpreting 2-5 Conclusion 3 Microlevel Opinion: Psychology Opinion-Holding 3-1 Attention 3-2 Liberal-Conservative Ideology...