Developmental arrest, a critical component of the life cycle in animals as diverse nematodes (dauer state), insects (diapause), and vertebrates (hibernation), results dramatic depression metabolic rate profound extension longevity. Although many details hormonal systems controlling developmental arrest are well-known, we know little about interactions between events hormones arrested state. Here, show that diapause is regulated by an interplay blood-borne metabolites regulatory centers...

Significance Oxidative damage is frequently associated with aging and aging-related disease, but, paradoxically, several recent studies have shown that artificial boosts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can also extend life span in young individuals. Here, we show physiological levels ROS promote diapause, thereby extending pupae the moth Helicoverpa armigera. Insect like dauer stage nematodes, a period developmental rest results profound extension span. appears to contribute this by acting...

Abstract Background Diapause, a state of arrested development accompanied by marked decrease metabolic rate, helps insects to overcome unfavorable seasons. Helicoverpa armigera (Har) undergoes pupal diapause, but the molecular mechanism diapause initiation is unclear. Using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), we investigated differentially expressed genes in diapause- and nondiapause-destined brains at initiation. Results We constructed two SSH libraries (forward, F reverse, R)...

Abstract Background Diapause is programmed developmental arrest coupled with the depression of metabolic activity and enhancement stress resistance. Pupal diapause induced by environmental signals prepared during prediapause phase. In cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera , phase, which contains two sub-phases, induction preparation, occurs in larval stage. Here, we performed parallel proteomic metabolomic analyses on H. hemolymph Results By two-dimensional electrophoresis, 37 proteins were...

The decision made by insects to develop into adults or halt development (enter diapause and prolong lifespan) is commonly based on environmental signals that provide reliable predictors of future seasons adversity. For example, the short day lengths early autumn accurately foretell advent winter, but little known about molecular mechanisms preside over hormonal events dictating whether insect proceeds with enters diapause. In <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> we show length affects H3K27me3...

Developmental arrest (diapause) is a ‘non-aging’ state that similar to the Caenorhabditis elegans dauer stage and Drosophila lifespan extension. Diapause results in low metabolic activity profound extension of insect lifespan. Here, we cloned Helicoverpa armigera Hexokinase (HK) gene, gene critical for developmental this species. HK expression levels were significantly increased nondiapause-destined pupae compared with those diapause-destined pupae. Downregulation reduced cell viability...

The chitin biosynthesis pathway starts with trehalose in insects and the main functions of trehalases are hydrolysis to glucose. Although possess two types, soluble trehalase (Tre-1) membrane-bound (Tre-2), very little is known about Tre-2 difference function between Tre-1 Tre-2. To gain an insight into insects, we investigated a putative from Spodoptera exigua (SeTre-2) cloned fat body. deduced amino acid sequence SeTre-2 contains 645 residues has predicted molecular weight ~74 kDa pI 6.01....

A cascade of 20-hydroxyecdysone–mediated gene expression and repression initiates larva-to-pupa metamorphosis. We recently showed that two transcription factors, BmPOUM2 BmβFTZ-F1, bind to the cis -regulatory elements in promoter coding for cuticle protein, BmWCP4, regulate its during Bombyx mori Here we show down-regulation by RNA interference wandering stage resulted failure complete The thorax epidermis interference-treated larvae became transparent, wing disc growth differentiation were...

Diapause in insects is akin to dauer Caenorhabditis elegans and hibernation vertebrates. causes a profound extension of lifespan by low metabolic activity. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms for activity remain unknown. Here, we showed that pyruvate levels are present brains diapause-destined pupae cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera, three enzymes kinase (PK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) closely correlated with homeostasis. Notably,...

Embryonic diapause and sex pheromone biosynthesis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, are, respectively, induced by hormone (DH) activating neuropeptide (PBAN), which are produced subesophageal ganglion from a common polyprotein precursor (DH-PBAN precursor) encoded single gene gene). Using DH-PBAN cDNA as probe, we quantitatively measured mRNA content throughout embryonic postembryonic development observed effects of incubation temperature, is key factor for determination diapause, on expression....

Trehalose and trehalose metabolism are crucial for insect development. We measured the content of polyhydric compounds in hemolymph diapause- nondiapause-destined individuals Helicoverpa armigera. found that is much higher diapause-destined than nondiapause individuals. The activity trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) during H. armigera larval-pupal development significantly diapause-type closely correlated with changes content. cDNA encoding TPS, which converts uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose...

Diapause is a period of developmental arrest that allows species to adapt unfavorable conditions. Many insect reduce metabolic activity and then enter diapause at certain stage in their life cycles. The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, will be destined for pupal when larvae are reared under short daylengths low temperature. brain an important organ decision, some signaling molecules from the diapause-destined individuals released into hemolymph regulate diapause. In this study, we...

Diapause is a developmental arrest that allows an organism to survive unfavorable environmental conditions and induced by signals at certain sensitive stage. In Helicoverpa armigera, the larval brain receives for diapause induction then regulates entry pupal Here, combined proteomic metabolomic differential display analysis was performed on H. armigera brain. Using two-dimensional electrophoresis, it found 22 proteins were increased 27 decreased in diapause-destined brain, 37 of which...

Insect fat body is the organ for intermediary metabolism, comparable to vertebrate liver and adipose tissue. Larval disintegrated individual cells then adult remodeled at pupal stage. However, little known about dissociation mechanism. We find that moth Helicoverpa armigera cathepsin L (Har-CL) expressed heavily in released from into extracellular matrix. The inhibitor RNAi experiments demonstrate Har-CL functions H. armigera. Further, a nuclear protein identified be transcription factor...

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is a common heterogeneous disease. The critical roles of microRNA‐340 (miR‐340) in the development and progression GC were emphasized accumulating studies. This study aims to examine regulatory mechanism miR‐340 cellular processes. Initially, microarray technology was used identify differentially expressed genes miRs GC. After that, potential role determined via ectopic expression, depletion, reporter assay experiments. Expression secreted phosphoprotein 1...

Diapause is a form of dormancy used widely by insects to survive adverse seasons. Previous studies have demonstrated that forkhead box O (FoxO) activated during pupal diapause initiation in the moth Helicoverpa armigera . However, it unclear how FoxO induces diapause. Here, we show knockout causes H. diapause-destined pupae channel into nondiapause, indicating master regulator insect activates ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) promoting ubiquitin c (Ubc) expression via directly binding Ubc...