Ferromagnet/nonmagnet (FM/NM) bilayer-based spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs)—a sub-class of spintronic oscillator devices—have promising potential toward realizing low-power physical reservoir computing systems because their inherent nonlinearity and miniature form factor. However, most the studies on SHNOs indicate that an external biasing magnetic field is necessary for operation, creating a bottleneck practical implementation in designing small compact RC hardware. In this report, using...

Two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) at perovskite oxide interfaces, such as strontium titanate (STO), have garnered significant attention due to their induced ferromagnetic (FM), spin–orbit coupling, and superconducting properties. The 2DEG, formed the interface between STO either insulating oxides or reactive metals, exhibits efficient charge-to-spin interconversion in STO/NM(non-magnetic)/FM structures. layer attenuates spin currents injected into ferromagnet. In contrast, metallic...

Achieving electrical control of ferromagnets without magnetic fields is crucial for the dense integration nanodevices in modern memory and computing technologies. Current methods using spin orbit torques from Hall effect interfacial Rashba are limited to in-plane magnetized ferromagnets. Out-of-plane antidamping torque essential only with perpendicular anisotropy. In this work, we report observation out-of-plane polarized currents platinum/permalloy bilayers, linked anisotropy at interface...

Unconventional computing schemes inspired by biological neural networks are being explored with ever growing interest to eventually replace traditional von Neumann architecture-based computation. Realization of such necessitates the development device analogs neurons and synapses. Particularly, in spin-based artificial synapses, spin–orbit torque (SOT) can be utilized for changing between multiple resistance states synapse. In this work, we demonstrate synaptic behavior, namely long-term...

Damping-like torque (DLT) arising from the spin Hall effect (SHE) in heavy metals and their alloys has been widely explored for applications spin–orbit MRAM, auto-oscillations, waves, domain wall motion. In conventional materials, DLT efficiency is limited by intrinsic properties, while attaining strong coupling higher spin-charge interconversion, with no compromise to electric need of hour. this Letter, we report more than 3.5 times increase efficiency, θDL, modified Pt-oxide employing a...

The generation of on-demand out-of-plane spin polarization (σz) promises an efficient field-free switching perpendicular nanomagnet has been limited mostly in the single crystal materials. For a direct technological application, it is desired to have current from polycrystalline sputtered films rather than expensive crystalline films. Here, we report observation and in-plane torques generated by ẑ x̂ antiferromagnet IrMn3/permalloy (Py) heterostructure. A comparatively high value torque...

The inherent nonlinear magnetization dynamics in spintronic devices make them suitable candidates for neuromorphic hardware. Among devices, spin torque oscillators such as transfer and Hall have shown the capability to perform recognition tasks. In this paper, with help of micromagnetic simulations, we model demonstrate that a single oscillator can be nonlinearly transformed by harnessing input pulse streams utilized classification utilizes microwave spectral characteristics its processing...

Abstract Collective spin arrangements manifest diverse textures, encompassing ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and chiral vortices. However, mapping these textures in ultrathin magnetic multilayers has remained elusive. A reconfigurable spintronic terahertz emission method is introduced through investigations on a model system of synthetic antiferromagnet the information individual ferromagnet (FM) layers extracted. Upon femtosecond photoexcitation (FM1/Ru/FM2), ferromagnets generate pair...

Abstract The broken inversion symmetry at the ferromagnet (FM)/heavy‐metal (HM) interface leads to spin‐dependent degeneracy of energy band, forming spin‐polarized surface states. As a result, serves as an effective medium for converting spin accumulation into 2D charge current through inverse Rashba–Edelstein effect. Exploring and assessing this spin‐to‐charge conversion (SCC) phenomenon FM/HM can offer promising avenue surpass presumed limits SCC in bulk HM layers. Spintronic...

Spintronic devices, such as spin Hall oscillators (SHOs) and transfer torque oscillators, have become popular candidates for use the reservoir in computing (RC) architecture. The memory capacity of a quantifies amount information retained at any given time, indicating its significance different RC tasks. In this work, we consider an SHO, consisting bilayer structure platinum/Permalloy, reservoir. Using micromagnetic simulations, evaluate change SHO system magnetization dynamics varies from...

The impurity incorporation in host high spin-orbit coupling materials like platinum (Pt) has shown improved charge-to-spin conversion efficiency by modifying the up-spin and down-spin electrons trajectories via bending or skewing them opposite directions. This enables efficient generation, manipulation, transport of spin currents. In this study, we irradiated Pt thin films with pulsed hot dense oxygen plasma non-focus mode operation analyzed Hall angle using torque ferromagnetic resonance...

Abstract Electrical control of photogenerated terahertz (THz) spin current pulses from a spintronic emitter has been at the forefront for development scalable, cost‐efficient, wideband optospintronic devices. Artificially combined ferroelectric and ferromagnet heterostructure provides potential avenue to deterministically phase THz pulse through piezoelectric strain. Here, electric field‐mediated strain multiferroic is demonstrated. The reversal obtained effect small magnetic field applied...

Precession trajectories during excitation of magnetization dynamics play an important role in determining spin wave propagation, emission power torque oscillator, and current generated by pumping. However, comparatively little information has emerged on the effect perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) dynamical trajectories. The PMA become particularly since discovery voltage control CoFeB/MgO junctions. This motivates us to investigate CoFeB thin films using micromagnetic simulations....

Heated dot magnetic recording (HDMR) provides a path to increase the areal density of media beyond 4 Tb/in2. HDMR-based requires ultrasmall, noninteracting, and thermally stable dots with high perpendicular anisotropy. We have synthesized nonstoichiometric Fe60Pt40 nanoclusters without Pt buffer layer on silicon substrates, which shows reduction in chemical ordering temperatures. The retain hard phase up 1023 K coercive field 1.3 Tesla due element compensation from layer. This was confirmed...

Exploring new strategies for controlling the magnetic domain propagation is key to realize ultrafast, high-density wall-based memory and logic devices next generation computing. These include strain modulation in multiferroic devices, geometric confinement area-selective pinning of wall. 2D Van der Waals materials introduce localized modifications interfacial order, enabling control over domains. Here, using Lorentz-Transmission Electron Microscopy (L-TEM) along with Modified Transport...

Mutually coupled spin Hall nano-oscillators (SHNO) can exhibit binarized phase state, offering pathways to realize Ising machines and efficient neuromorphic hardware. Conventionally, binarization is achieved in SHNOs via injecting an external microwave at twice of the oscillator frequency presence a biasing magnetic field. However, this technology poses potential challenges higher energy consumption complex circuit design. Moreover, fabrication-induced mismatch SHNO dimensions may hinder...

Mutually coupled spin-Hall nano-oscillators (SHNO) can exhibit a binarized phase state, offering pathways to realize Ising machines and efficient neuromorphic hardware. Conventionally, binarization is achieved in identical SHNOs via injecting an external microwave at twice the oscillator frequency presence of strong biasing magnetic field. However, this technology poses potential challenges higher energy consumption complex circuit design. Moreover, differences individual characteristic...

Abstract Reservoir computing (RC) has generated significant interest for its ability to reduce computational costs compared traditional neural networks. The performance of the RC element is quantified by memory capacity (MC) and prediction capability. In this study, we utilize micromagnetic simulations investigate a magnetic vortex based on permalloy ferromagnetic layer dynamics in RC. nonlinear core (VC), driven continuous oscillating fields binary digit data as spin-polarized current...

The impurity incorporation in host high-spin orbit coupling materials like platinum has shown improved charge-to-spin conversion by modifying the up-spin and down-spin electron trajectories bending or skewing them opposite directions. This enables efficient generation, manipulation, transport of spin currents. In this study, we irradiate with non-focus dense plasma to incorporate oxygen ion species. We systematically analyze Hall angle irradiated Pt films using torque ferromagnetic...

Interfacial two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed at the perovskite-type oxide, such as SrTiO3, has attracted significant attention due to its properties of ferromagnetism, superconductivity, and potential application in oxide-based low-power consumption electronics. Recent studies have investigated spin-to-charge conversion STO interface with different materials, which could affect efficiency this 2DEG interface. In report, we presented an Ar^+ ion milling method create a directly by...

The broken inversion symmetry at the ferromagnet (FM)/heavy-metal (HM) interface leads to spin-dependent degeneracy of energy band, forming spin-polarized surface states. As a result, serves as an effective medium for converting spin accumulation into two-dimensional charge current through inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect. Exploring and assessing this spin-to-charge conversion (SCC) phenomenon FM/HM could offer promising avenue surpass presumed limits SCC in bulk HM layers. We utilize...

In this work, we employ micromagnetic modelling of a spin Hall oscillator for direct inference and classification binary digit inputs. The spectral characteristics the oscillation is utilized classification. We observed inputs up to sequence four digits. Subsequently, handwritten image recognition tested with Modified National Institute Standards Testing (MNIST) database acquired an accuracy 88.6% linear classifier network.

Due to the rapid improvement of high-density storage as well speedy computing devices for potential applications in artificial intelligence and data centers, power efficient control has become more imperative <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> . Conventionally, magnetic properties these are controlled through an external field which hinders miniaturization efficiency. Recent advancements spintronic shown spin orbit...