Complex multi-element alloys are gaining prominence for structural applications, supplementing steels, and superalloys. Understanding the impact of each element on alloy surfaces due to oxidation is vital in maintaining material integrity. This study investigates mechanisms these using a model five-element equiatomic CoCrFeNiMn alloy, controlled oxygen environment. The oxidation-induced surface changes correlate with element's interactive tendencies environment, guided by thermodynamics....

The feet of the jumping spider Evarcha arcuata attach to rough substrates using tarsal claws. On smooth surfaces, however, attachment is achieved by means a claw tuft, scopula. All eight bear scopula, which equipped with setae, these again being covered numerous setules. In E. arcuata, an estimated 624,000 setules, mean contact area 1.7 x 10(5) nm(2), are present. spider's entire thus totals 1.06 10(11) nm(2). Adhesion substrate does not depend on secretion adhesive fluid. Analysis via...

Droplets capture an environment-dictated equilibrium state of a liquid material. Equilibrium, however, often necessitates nanoscale interface organization, especially with formation passivating layer. Herein, we demonstrate that this kinetics-driven organization may predispose material to autonomous thermal-oxidative composition inversion (TOCI) and texture reconfiguration under felicitous choice trigger. We exploit inherent structural complexity, differential reactivity, metastability the...

Chamäleon-Metalle. Die metallpassivierende Oxidschicht ist ein komplexes Pseudogleichgewichtssystem mit einer Vielzahl unentdeckter Merkmale. In ihrem Forschungsartikel auf S. 360 nutzen M. Thuo et al. die Komplexität dieser dünnen für gezielte Modifizierung von Oberflächendesign und -struktur, was in der Bildung kompositorisch invertierten Oberflächenmerkmalen nanoskaligen fraktalartigen Designs resultiert. Elektrokatalyse Proteinstrukturen Asymmetrische Katalyse Hochauflösende Bildgebung

Studies on passivating oxides liquid metals are challenging, in part, due to plasticity, entropic, and technological limitations. In alloys, compositional complexity the oxide(s) underlying metal interface exacerbates these challenges. This nanoscale complexity, however, offers an opportunity engineer surface of under felicitous choice processing conditions. We inferred that difference reactivity, coupled with inherent ordering, presages exploitable order selectivity autonomously present...

The ability of metal alloys to rapidly oxidize in ambient conditions presents both a challenge and an opportunity. Herein, we focus on opportunities buried the passivating oxide liquid particles. Recently described subsurface complexity order present opportunity frustrate homogeneous nucleation and, hence, enhanced undercooling. plasticity underlying surface offers autonomously repairing lowest E0 component dominates unless stoichiometrically limited. This provides synthesize organometallic...

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ARTICLES ASAPPREVViewpointBeyond Hume-Rothery RulesAndrew MartinAndrew MartinDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695, United StatesMore by Andrew MartinView Biography Martin Thuo*Martin ThuoDepartment States*Email: [email protected]More ThuoView Biographyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3448-8027Cite this: Acc. Mater. Res. 2023, XXXX, XXX, XXX-XXXPublication Date (Web):August 18, 2023Publication History Received12...

The two-dimensional viscous froth model is a simple tractable for foam rheology and coarsening. It includes, but not confined to, the quasistatic regime. Here we present detailed analysis implementation of model, illustrated with various examples. With certain simplifying assumptions, it provides significant insight into strain-rate-dependent effects in elsewhere, particularly relation to recent experiments.

Although the spider exoskeleton, like those of all other arthropods (spiders, insects and crustaceans), consists an extremely non-adhesive material known as cuticle, some species produce astonishingly high adhesive forces using cuticular appendages. Unlike arthropods, they do not rely on sticky fluids but use a different strategy: miniaturization multiplication contact elements. In this study number elements (setules) in Evarcha arcuata was determined at 624 000 with average area 1.7 × 105...

Abstract Exploiting interfacial excess ( Γ ), Laplace pressure jump (Δ P surface work, and coupling them to reactivity have led the synthesis of undercooled metal particles. Metastability is maintained by a core–shell particle architecture. Fracture thin shell leads solidification with concomitant sintering. Applying Scherer's constitutive model for load‐driven viscous sintering on particles implies that they can form conductive traces. Combining metastability eliminate heat robustness...

Prediction of a liquidus state with lower entropy than the corresponding solid at Kauzmann temperature (Tk), and associated catastrophe/paradox, remains an enigma. Despite efforts to resolve this paradox for nearly 80 years, no unifying resolution has been reported. Potential resolutions rely on ideal glass transition, however, limits interpretation Tkas equilibrium critical point rather instability. Focusing entropy, statistical mechanics non‐equilibrium dynamics becomes key tenet in...

Abstract Relaxor ferroelectric polymers exhibiting a giant electrocaloric effect (ECE) can potentially be used to create next‐generation solid‐state coolers. Under an electric field, poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene‐chlorofluoroethylene) terpolymer goes through large dipolar entropy change producing high adiabatic temperature (Δ T ECE ). This work resolves the molecular origins of behind field‐induced dipole switching. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy equipped with voltage...

Diffusion and surface oxidation are critical processes in metal alloy designs use. Surface oxides provide opportunities to improve material properties or performance beyond bulk alterations. is, however, often oversimplified into a classical diffusion process. Passivating oxide surfaces also thought be lacking complexity information. A closer look, shows inherent with kinetics-driven competition between the elements process leading redox-speciation across very small (nm) thickness. Questions...

Role of surface structure/composition in altering solidification behavior is demonstrated through undercooling core–shell metal particles. Autonomous speciation the passivating oxide plays a critical role relaxation molten due to divergence concentration and composition oxidizing species across thickness layer. In an unreactive environment, dictated by flux, cohesive energy density, minimization. Under conditions (e.g., ambient), however, reduction potential, curvature, plasticity dictate...

The dependency of substrate roughness on wetting properties self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) has been studied extensively, but most previous studies used limited selection probing liquid and range surface roughness. These disregarded the limit to observation sub-nanometer odd-even parity effect, hence are inconclusive. In this work we report role solvent polarity roughness-dependency behavior SAMs by studying static con-tact angle a variety liquids, with different polarities, formed Ag-based...

Abstract Metals and organics possess two very dissimilar surface energies, hence, do not naturally adhere to each other. This incompatibility is exacerbated by roughness yet advances in wearables bioelectronics call for their integration. Mesoscale mechanical bonds, however, transcend the necessities of energy matching while taking advantage texture. Herein, transient carrier fluids, particle size polydispersity, capillary‐driven autonomous size‐sorting are exploited conformally jam...

Abstract Undercooling metals relies on frustration of liquid–solid transition mainly by an increase in activation energy. Passivating oxide layers are a way to isolate the core from heterogenous nucleants (physical barrier) while also raising energy (thermodynamic/kinetic needed for solidification. The latter is due composition gradients (speciation) that establishes sharp chemical potential gradient across thin (0.7–5 nm) shell, slowing homogeneous nucleation. When this speciation properly...

Fabrication of bio-templated metallic structures is limited by differences in properties, processing conditions, packing, and material state(s). Herein, using undercooled metal particles, modulus temperatures can be overcome. Adoption autonomous processes such as self-filtration, capillary pressure, evaporative concentration leads to enhanced stabilization (jamming) point sintering with phase change create solid replicas complex bio-based features. Differentiation subtle between cultivars...

Mixed bandgap and tunability in semiconductors is critical expanding their use. Composition alterations through single-crystal epitaxial growth the formation of multilayer tandem structures are often employed to achieve mixed bandgaps, albeit with limited tunability. Herein, self-assembled one-dimensional coordination polymers provide facile synthons templates for graphitic C-doped mesoporous oxides, gC-β-Ga2O3 or gC-In2O3 via controlled oxidative ligand ablation. These materials have...

Conventional fabrication of microfluidic channels/devices faces challenges such as single use channels, material incompartibility, and/or significant time consumption. We propose a flexible platform for fabricating channels simply through indentation on smart composite—the so-called ST3R (Stiffness Tuning Thermodynamic Relaxation) composite. The application the composite allows rapid by hand or with prefabricated stamp and precise prototyping complex designs using 2D plotter. Indenter...

Abstract Cognitively diverse teams outperform high intelligence (IQ) in problem solving, while businesses with at least one woman their board of directors financially ones all men boards. These well‐known facts are lost most academic science enterprises. Herein, we make the case for looking sources, approaches, and opportunities expanding cognitive diversity research productivity efficiency.

Abstract Studies on passivating oxides liquid metals are challenging, in part, due to plasticity, entropic, and technological limitations. In alloys, compositional complexity the oxide(s) underlying metal interface exacerbates these challenges. This nanoscale complexity, however, offers an opportunity engineer surface of under felicitous choice processing conditions. We inferred that difference reactivity, coupled with inherent ordering, presages exploitable order selectivity autonomously...