We report the detection of an earthquake by a space-based measurement. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites observed +/-15-microgalileo gravity change induced great December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. Coseismic deformation produces sudden changes in field vertical displacement Earth's layered density structure changing densities crust mantle. GRACE's sensitivity to long spatial wavelength resulted roughly equal contributions dilatation effects measurements....

Abstract Due to coarse spatial resolution, the application of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data in local groundwater resource management has been limited. To overcome this issue, a downscaling approach is presented improve resolution GRACE‐derived storage anomalies using evapotranspiration (ET) data. The statistical method only applied areas where there strong relationship between (GWS) ET, can be established under different resolutions. In study, GWS are downscaled from...

Abstract We explore the mechanisms whereby groundwater influences terrestrial water storage (TWS) in Amazon using GRACE observations and two contrasting versions of LEAF‐Hydro‐Flood hydrological model: one with other without an interactive groundwater. find that, first, where table is shallow as northwestern Amazonia floodplains elsewhere, subsurface stores (vadose zone groundwater) are nearly saturated year‐round, hence river flooding dominate TWS variation; deep southeastern Amazonia,...

Monthly mass variations within the Earth system produce temporal gravity changes, which are observable by NASA/GFZ Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) twin-satellite system. Mass load changes with spatial scales larger than 1000 km have been observed using conventional filters based on a Gaussian smoother, applies weight to GRACE spherical harmonic (SH) coefficients depending only SH degree. This practice is consistent degree-dependent error model for monthly geopotential...

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission will provide new measurements of Earth's static time‐variable gravity fields with monthly resolution. temporal effects due to ocean tides atmospheric mass redistribution are assumed known could be removed using current models. In this study we quantify the aliasing on mean GRACE estimates errors in models for atmosphere ground surface water variation. Our results based simulations recovery solution complete degree order...

We report small but detectable changes in the GRACE satellites' relative trajectory after M8.8 Maule, Chile earthquake on 27 February 2010 that can be used to delineate shift gravity field. A anomaly of −5 μ Gal with a spatial scale 500 km was found east epicenter earthquake. Based coseismic models, long‐wavelength negative change is primarily result crustal dilatation as well surface subsidence onland region. The offshore positive predicted from finite fault models considerably smaller...

We quantify gravity changes after great earthquakes present within the 10 year long time series of monthly Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) fields. Using spherical harmonic normal‐mode formulation, respective source parameters moment tensor double‐couple were estimated. For 2004 Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake, data indicate a composite 1.2 × 23 N m with dip 10°, in agreement estimate obtained at ultralong seismic periods. 2010 Maule GRACE solutions range from 2.0 to 2.7 22 for...

The large‐scale observations of terrestrial water storage from GRACE satellites over the Amazon are analyzed with land surface model (LSM) outputs runoff and soil moisture. A simple yet effective routing method based on a continuity equation is implemented to horizontal transport within basin. separately for moisture storages (generated runoff), relying their distinct spatial patterns, being disperse localized water. Various velocities tested against observations. When routed an uniform...

The accurate knowledge of the groundwater storage variation (ΔGWS) is essential for reliable water resource assessment, particularly in arid and semi-arid environments (e.g., Australia, North China Plain (NCP)) where significantly affected by human activities spatiotemporal climate variations. large-scale ΔGWS can be simulated from a land surface model (LSM), but high uncertainty major drawback that reduces reliability estimates. evaluation estimate then very important to assess its...

We report Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite observations of coseismic displacements postseismic transients from the great Sumatra‐Andaman Islands (thrust event; M w ∼9.2) earthquake in December 2004. Instead using global spherical harmonic solutions monthly gravity fields, we estimated changes directly intersatellite range‐rate data with regionally concentrated Slepian basis functions every 15‐day interval. found significant step‐like (coseismic) exponential‐like...

[1] The 2011 great Tohoku-Oki earthquake, apart from shaking the ground, perturbed motions of satellites orbiting some hundreds km away above such as GRACE, due to coseismic change in gravity field. Significant changes inter-satellite distance were observed after earthquake. These unconventional satellite measurements inverted examine earthquake source processes a radically different perspective that complements analyses seismic and geodetic ground recordings. We found 'average' slip located...

Over the past 40 years, discharge in South America's Paraná River basin has increased despite no evidence of significant rainfall increases basin. In this analysis, we show that observed multi-decadal increase can be explained by concomitant changes land cover have occurred within during period. Our analysis also indicates peak timing may shifted concurrently from January/February 1970s to March more recent decades. While land-use effect dominantly alters long-term temporal dynamics river...

Abstract Satellite remote sensing offers valuable tools to study Earth and hydrological processes improve land surface models. This is essential the quality of model predictions, which are affected by various factors such as erroneous input data, uncertainty forcings, parameter uncertainties. Abundant datasets from multi-mission satellite during recent years have provided an opportunity not only estimates but also parameters through a estimation process. utilises multiple including soil...

Abstract We examined the first‐ever laser ranging interferometer (LRI) measurements of inter‐satellite tracking acquired by Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Follow‐On satellites. Through direct along‐orbit analysis instantaneous measurements, we demonstrate higher sensitivity LRI (than K‐band microwave [KBR]) to anomalies associated with Earth static gravity field at high spatial resolutions 100–200 km. found that captures gravitational signals as small 0.1 nm/s 2 490 km...

Abstract Fourteen months post the Ukrainian‐Russian war outbreak, Kakhovka Dam collapsed, leading to weeks of catastrophic flooding. Yet, scant details exist regarding reservoir draining process. By using a new technique for processing gravimetric satellite orbital observations, this study succeeded in recovering continuous changes mass with temporal resolution 2–5 days. integrating these variations imagery and altimetry data into hydrodynamic model, we derived effective width length breach...

Abstract The entire editorial board of the Journal Geophysical Research‐Solid Earth would like to sincerely thank all our colleagues who reviewed manuscripts for us in 2024. hours they spent reading order provide insightful comments on not only help improve quality these but also ensure scientific rigor reviewing process and eventually, research published field Solid Geophysics by journal. With advent open science AGU's data policy, now encompasses checking accessibility availability...

Abstract Fifteen years after the 2009 Samoa‐Tonga earthquake, rates of subsidence on Samoan Islands remain elevated compared with pre‐earthquake levels. Coastal flooding has become a regular occurrence, increasing coastal erosion, risk saltwater intrusion in freshwater aquifers, and threats to critical infrastructure. There is an urgent need characterize ongoing trends local regional constrain future behavior inform development effective resilience measures. Here, we have leveraged...

The temporal variations in the Earth's gravity field caused by fluctuations terrestrial water mass can be inferred from changes GRACE monthly solutions. Such methods have limited spatial resolution due to a necessary and possibly arbitrary truncation smoothing of coefficients. Limiting one month was solve global representation. Our alternative method uses satellite‐to‐satellite tracking accelerometer data obtain along‐track geopotential differences directly estimate regionally. This tested...