The Prime Minister of Hungary, Viktor Orbán, is considered to be one example the rise populism during 2010s in Europe. During decade that he has been government, Hungary a forerunner terms democratic decline. In parallel, throughout this period, political communication increasingly shifted online, and politicians are now actively using social media gain capital. Despite growing literature on online communication, visual remains underrepresented. Orbán's case offers unique opportunity examine...

This study conceptualizes “banana populism,” a novel analytical framework to examine how whimsical imagery functions in contemporary populism. Banana populism utilizes the ordinary—exemplified by banana—for its ubiquity, inherent humor, and absurdity, transforming these elements into powerful political tools. These articulations effectively mainstream extreme ideologies, invite affective investment from broad publics, delineate antagonistic frontiers employing familiar cultural symbols...

Accessing information online is now easier than ever. However, also false circulated in increasing quantities. We sought to identify social psychological factors that could explain why some people are more susceptible information. Specifically, we investigated whether predispositions (social dominance orientation, right-wing authoritarianism, system justification beliefs (SJB), openness, need for closure, conspiracy mentality), competencies (scientific and political knowledge, interest...

Taking a person-centered approach – we explored different constellations of social-psychological characteristics associated with (dis)information belief in order to identify distinct subgroups whose stems from social or political motives. Hungarian participants (N = 296) judged the accuracy fake and real news items (pro/anti-government) nonpolitical narrative. Two profiles 'fake believers' two non-believers' emerged, high conspiracy mentality being main marker former two. These were...

Abstract This mixed‐method study of 1,374 Russian‐speaking immigrants living in Finland investigated how different characteristics their socio‐political integration are reflected attitudes towards supporting Ukraine during the war. The results survey responses showed that trust Finnish media and engagement with societal issues predicted stronger ‘pro‐Ukraine’ (i.e., support for Finland's aid condemning Russia's invasion), while experiences increased hate speech or discrimination Russian...

This encyclopedia entry explores ideological asymmetry in political communication, underscoring how personal biases, social media, and partisan identities shape interactions with information. It susceptibility to disinformation varies orientation due psychological predispositions targeted media strategies. The discussion extends theories like motivated reasoning the Identity-based Model of Political Belief, which explain selective acceptance information that aligns existing beliefs...

We define tribalism as a mode of articulation that draws an antagonistic frontier between societal groups. Unlike populism, does not have hegemonic character. It articulates groups through horizontally oriented, shared value system; whereas populism is essential part democratic system, disregards democracy. To conceptualize separate theoretical frame from or (ethno)nationalism, we used discourse analysis to analyze the Facebook pages four political party leaders in Slovakia (Marian Kotleba,...