The literature shows that limited research has been conducted on the changes induced by digital means in public participation processes plans whose implementation could have an impact nature conservation and landscape development. To contribute to closing this gap, 15 expert interviews were shed light use of tools Germany. analysis examined potential quantity diversity participants, timing duration involvement, tone content, influence decision-making. experts’ experiences vary widely,...

This paper provides a short summary of investigations that have focused on the occurrence phenomenon is commonly referred to as atmospheric chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (AISCC) in types 304L and 316L austenitic stainless steels; materials from which storage containers for UK's intermediate level nuclear waste are currently fabricated. A brief overview relationship between localised phenomena (pitting or crevice corrosion) observations derived under conditions immersion...

In many industries, large amounts of resources are allocated for continuous technology development. However, these investments may prove inefficient if a disruptive arises that provides new and more attractive customer propositions. While this phenomenon has been the subject numerous papers, there is still lack managerial tools properly address challenge responding to threat. This paper an in-depth review recent developments in field and, furthermore outlines tool supports managers...

Abstract Geological repository designs employ a multi-barrier approach. The materials, which include wasteforms, backfill and host rock, are typically porous quasi-brittle. Mechanical damage (e.g. nucleation growth of microcracks) can result in significant changes permeability. A knowledge how the permeability is affected critical to accurate modelling radionuclide transport. This work proposes novel 3D lattice-type model for evolution such referred as site-bond model. Its advantages over...

Nowadays, modern utilities have installed a variety of measurement devices like pressure sensors, flow meters, noise loggers, water quality sensors for different intentions. In this paper we introduce an experimental distribution system (EWDS-TUG) that serves as example implementing smart network solution. The used EWDS-TUG states highly determined supply system. Artificial customers are and can be controlled automatically by magnetic valves. We present how collect sensor data control valves...

Managing the subsurface urban infrastructure, while facing limited budgets, is one of main challenges wastewater utilities currently face. In this context targeted planning inspection and maintenance measures plays a crucial role. This paper introduces cause effect oriented sewer degradation evaluation approach to support decisions on frequencies priorities. Therefore, application logistic regression models, predict probability failure categories as an alternative prediction condition...

Outworn water distribution infrastructures require real-time monitoring and management of pressure flow, together with accurate leak detection localization techniques. Smart networks based on wireless sensors offer a huge potential in this domain, but their deployment maintenance is often costly labor-intensive. In paper, we present Adige: an efficient smart network architecture long-range technology that improves the scalability robustness systems. We developed sensor node prototype using...

In this paper the impact of different distance metrics as well sortings parameter space on shape objective function for model-based leakage localization is investigated. Leakage formulated an optimization problem solved with a differential evolution algorithm. Distance and are evaluated through convergence speed algorithm quality results in terms topological from leak found by to real leak. The tested hydraulic model real-world network has shown that Cuthill-McKee ordering search together...

The calculation of outflow from pipe bursts is interest for water utilities, as the discharged may cause large amounts damage to adjacent infrastructure. Therefore, crack type specific relationship between leakage and pressure interest. Recent findings offer new opportunities burst calculations with hydraulic models. In this paper, we compare two approaches according uncertainties caused by input parameters give recommendations applicability methods. Simulations in a case study area have...

The most common method for simulating cavitating flows is using the governing flow equations in a form with variable density and treats both phases as incompressible combination transport equation vapour volume fraction. This approach commonly referred to of fluid (VoF). To determine transition liquid phase vice versa, relation mass transfer needed. Several models exist, based on slightly differing physical assumptions, example derivation from dynamics single bubbles or large bubble...

Second generation biofuels are widely considered a promising energy alternative to conventional (fossil) fuels. Although they will not completely replace fossil fuels (e.g., due the limited availability of biomass), these high-quality can contribute reducing emissions and strengthening country's autonomy. In Austria, team at Vienna University Technology is developing biomass-to-liquid technology based on Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. While remaining technical obstacles expected be overcome in...

Market introduction and diffusion of new products is complex multifaceted since it involves spatially dispersed customers with individual preferences who may be exposed to a wide range influences including word-of-mouth communication within social network. During the past decade agent-based modeling approaches for simulating this process have become increasingly popular, because they not only capture customers' behavior more realistically, but also allow insights innovation management. The...

AbstractThis study focused on the effect of organic species occurrence atmospheric-induced stress corrosion cracking (AISCC) in intermediate level waste (ILW) container materials under 'wetted' deposits artificial sea-water (SW). Artificial SW solutions enriched with one two bio-exudates – carbon concentrations between 92 and 451 μM were employed to investigate changes interfacial behaviour, associated content, at liquid–solid boundary type 304L stainless steel (SS). These effects determined...

Abstract Agent-based simulation has become an established method for innovation and technology diffusion research. It extends traditional approaches by modeling processes from a micro-level perspective, which enables the consideration of various heterogeneous stakeholders their diverse interactions. While such is well suited to capture complex behavior markets, its application challenging when it comes future markets. Therefore, we propose multi-method approach that combines scenario...