Research shows that placebo analgesia can be induced through social observational learning. Our aim was to replicate and extend this result by studying the effect of sex both model subject on magnitude Four experimental (1 4) 2 control (5 6) groups were observed: 1, 3, 5 female; 2, 4, 6 male. All subjects received pain stimuli same intensity preceded green red lights. Before receiving stimuli, 1 4 observed a female 3 male model; models simulated responses lights as less painful than those...

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a major public health problem in Europe. Most antibiotics are sold only by prescription Poland, and it mainly up to physicians decide whether start antibiotic treatment. Therefore, we analyzed the factors influencing prescribing of for upper respiratory tract infections primary care attitudes toward resistance, knowledge principles use. Methods: We conducted CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interview) survey, carried out using proprietary survey distributed...

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among classical conditioning, expectancy, and fear in placebo analgesia nocebo hyperalgesia. A total 42 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned three groups: placebo, nocebo, control. They received 96 electrical stimuli, preceded by either orange or blue lights. hidden conditioning procedure, which participants not informed about meaning coloured lights, performed groups. Light one colour paired with pain stimuli moderate intensity...

Research shows that placebo analgesia and nocebo hyperalgesia can be induced through observational learning. Our aim was to replicate extend these results by studying the influence of type colour stimuli used as placebos on effects Three experimental two control groups were tested. All participants received pain same intensity preceded lights (green red) or geometric shapes (circles squares). Before receiving stimuli, in groups, but not observed a model who rated either green group), red...

Weight bias and weight stigma pose significant challenges in healthcare, particularly affecting obesity management practices patient care quality. Our study evaluates their prevalence impact among healthcare professionals Poland. Using the Fat Phobia Scale custom questions, we surveyed 686 via Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI). Results reveal a moderate level of explicit (mean score: 3.60 ± 0.57), with variations across professional groups: physicians (3.70 0.48), dietitians (3.51...

To investigate the influence of expectancy pain intensity, fear (trait), and (state) on effectiveness hidden open conditioning to produce placebo analgesia.A total 90 healthy female volunteers were randomly assigned three groups (hidden conditioning, control) that received electrical stimuli preceded by either orange or blue lights. One color was paired with painful (control stimuli) other nonpainful (conditioned in both groups. Only participants group informed about this association. In...

Abstract Background A previous study has shown that memory of pain induced by running a marathon might be underestimated. However, little is known about the factors influence such distortion during recall. The aim was to investigate and it: (1) present recall (2) delay. Methods total 127 runners participated in study, which comprised two phases. After completion marathon, participants were asked rate intensity unpleasantness their pain. Either week or month later, they again remembered...

Obesity often subjects individuals to stigmatization, impacting self-esteem, contributing depression, social isolation, and even exacerbating weight gain. Our research aimed evaluate stigma, fat phobia, their expressions, obesity-related knowledge among media internet respondents medical practitioners in Poland.Conducted through Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI), our study employed the Fat Phobia Scale (FPS) tailored questions, analyzing 1705 questionnaires.The averaged a score of 3.60...

The role of state anxiety and fear in placebo effects is still to be determined. We aimed investigate the effect movement-related pain (FMRP) contextual related (CPRA) on magnitude analgesia induced by verbal suggestion. Fifty-six female participants completed a modified voluntary joystick movement paradigm (VJMP) where half participated predictable condition (PC), which one movements always followed other never pain, an unpredictable (UC), was delivered unpredictably. By varying level...

Abstract In behavioral and neurophysiological pain studies, multiple types of calibration methods are used to quantify the individual sensation stimuli. Often, studies lack a detailed procedure description, data linearity, quality quantification omit required control for sex differences. This hampers study repetition interexperimental comparisons. Moreover, typical procedures require high number stimulations, which may cause discomfort stimuli habituation among participants. To overcome...

The article presents the concept of Ecological Footprint (EF), which is a quantitative indicator human impact on environment. idea EF has originated from carrying capacity. measures how much land and water area population requires to produce resource it consumes absorb its wastes, using prevailing technology. methodology was developed by Rees Wackernagel (1996). Assessment common supporting tool in planning development cities, subnational geographical regions states. important ecological...

Recent reports show that focusing attention on the location where pain is expected can enhance its perception. Moreover, crossing hands over body's midline known to impair ability localise stimuli and decrease tactile sensations in healthy participants. The present study investigated role of transient spatial perception painful non-painful electrical conditions which a match or mismatch was induced between skin-based external frames reference (uncrossed crossed positions, respectively). We...

Placebo effects have been extensively investigated in recent years and a number of conceptual frameworks developed to capture their mechanisms. The aim the article is summarize critically discuss current state art placebo pain research clinical practice. Conceptualization proposed main effects, i.e., effect nocebo effect, are described. effectiveness practice evaluated. Main methods induction presented, classical conditioning, verbal suggestions observational learning. Psychological...

In neurophysiological pain studies, multiple types of calibration methods are used to quantify the individual sensation stimuli. However, such studies often lack procedure implementation, have a vague protocol description, do not provide data quality quantification, and omit required control for gender differences. All this hampers study repetition interexperimental comparisons. Moreover, typical procedures require high number stimulations which may cause participants’ discomfort stimuli...

Abstract Background In neurophysiological pain studies, multiple types of calibration methods are used to quantify the individual sensation stimuli that have different modalities. However, such studies often lack procedure implementation, a vague protocol description, do not provide data quality quantification, or even omit required control for gender differences. All this hampers only study repetition but also interexperimental comparisons. Moreover, typical procedures long and require high...