Background: There is a pressing need for new clinically feasible speech recognition tests that are theoretically motivated, sensitive to individual differences, and access the core perceptual neurocognitive processes used in perception. PRESTO (Perceptually Robust English Sentence Test Open-set) high-variability sentence test designed reflect current theories of exemplar-based learning, attention, perception, including lexical organization automatic encoding indexical attributes. Using...

Background: Previous studies investigating speech recognition in adverse listening conditions have found extensive variability among individual listeners. However, little is currently known about the core underlying factors that influence abilities. Purpose: To investigate sensory, perceptual, and neurocognitive differences between good poor listeners on Perceptually Robust English Sentence Test Open-set (PRESTO), a new high-variability sentence test under conditions. Research Design:...

Significant variability in speech recognition outcomes is consistently observed adults who receive cochlear implants (CIs), some of which may be attributable to cognitive functions. Two hypotheses were tested: 1) preoperative skills assessed visually would predict postoperative at 6 months after CI; and 2) implantation result benefits processes months.Several executive functioning tasks have been identified as contributors with hearing loss. There also mounting evidence that can improve...

Abstract Background Postlingually deafened adult cochlear implant (CI) users routinely display large individual differences in the ability to recognize and understand speech, especially adverse listening conditions. Although have been linked several sensory (‘‘bottom-up’') cognitive (‘‘top-down’') factors, little is currently known about relative contributions of these factors high- low-performing CI users. Purpose The aim study was investigate functioning neurocognitive between on...

Cochlear implants (CIs) represent a significant engineering and medical milestone in the treatment of hearing loss for both adults children. In this review, we provide brief overview CI technology, describe benefits that CIs can to children who receive them, discuss specific limitations issues faced by users. We emphasize relevance linguistics community demonstrating how successfully access spoken language. Furthermore, research inform our basic understanding word recognition language...

When listening to speech under adverse conditions, listeners compensate using neurocognitive resources. A clinically relevant form of is through a cochlear implant (CI), which provides spectrally degraded signal. CI often simulated noise-vocoding. This study investigated the mechanisms supporting recognition in adult users and normal-hearing (NH) peers noise-vocoded speech, with hypothesis that an overlapping set functions would contribute both groups. Ninety-seven adults either (54...

This short viewpoint discusses current evidence and future directions for investigating individuals' musicality as a relevant factor hearing outcomes. We argue that based on methodological, theoretical advances, increased momentum in the science of musicality, now is ideal time to investigate connections between human health using multidisciplinary approaches.

Significant variability persists in speech recognition outcomes adults with cochlear implants (CIs). Sensory ("bottom-up") and cognitive-linguistic ("top-down") processes help explain this variability. However, the interactions of these bottom-up top-down factors remain unclear. One hypothesis was tested: would contribute differentially to recognition, depending on fidelity input.Bottom-up spectro-temporal processing, assessed using a Spectral-Temporally Modulated Ripple Test (SMRT), is...

Background: Natural variability in speech is a significant challenge to robust successful spoken word recognition. In everyday listening environments, listeners must quickly adapt and adjust multiple sources of both the signal environments. High-variability may be particularly difficult understand for non-native listeners, who have less experience with second language (L2) phonological system detailed knowledge sociolinguistic variation L2. Purpose: The purpose this study was investigate...

Global measures of lexical competition, such as neighborhood density, assume that all phonological contrasts contribute equally to competition. However, effects local phonetic similarity have also been observed in speech production processes, suggesting some may lead greater competition than others. In the current study, effect on vowel was examined across two dialects American English differ low-front and low-back pairs. Results revealed a significant interaction between regional dialect...

Abstract Background Objective speech recognition tasks are widely used to measure performance of adult cochlear implant (CI) users; however, the relationship these measures with patient-reported quality life (QOL) remains unclear. A comprehensive QOL measure, Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ), has historically shown a weak association performance, but closer examination may indicate stronger relations between and objective auditory particularly when examining broad range skills....

Purpose Cognitive screening tools to identify patients at risk for cognitive deficits are frequently used by clinicians who work with aging populations in hearing health care. Although some studies show improvements performance on exams when loss intervention is provided the form of a aid or cochlear implant (CI), it worth examining whether these attributable increased auditory access test items. This study aimed examine and pass rate measure, Montréal Assessment (MoCA), improve as result...

Abstract Lexical neighborhood density is a well-known factor affecting phonological categorization in spoken word recognition. The current study examined the interaction between lexical and dialect variation recognition noise. stimulus materials were real English words produced two regional American dialects. To manipulate density, target selected so that predicted confusions across dialects resulted word-competitor condition did not result nonword-competitor condition. Word vowel...

The current study examined sentence recognition across speaking styles (conversational, neutral, and clear) in quiet multi-talker babble (MTB) for cochlear implant (CI) users normal-hearing listeners under CI simulations. Listeners demonstrated poorer accuracy MTB than quiet, but were relatively more accurate with clear speech overall. Within users, higher-performing participants also when listening to speech. Lower performing users' was not impacted by style. Clear may facilitate...

Introduction: There is significant variability in speech recognition outcomes adults who receive cochlear implants (CIs). Little known regarding cognitive influences on very early CI performance, during which neural plasticity occurs. Methods: Prospective study of 15 postlingually deafened adult candidates tested preoperatively with a battery assessments. The mini-mental state exam (MMSE), forward digit span, Stroop measure inhibition-concentration, and test word reading efficiency were...

Perceptual differences in voice cues, such as fundamental frequency (F0) and vocal tract length (VTL), can facilitate speech understanding challenging conditions. Yet, we hypothesized that the presence of spectrotemporal signal degradations, imposed by cochlear implants (CIs) vocoders, acoustic cues overlap for perception phonemic categorization could be mistaken one another, leading to a strong interaction between linguistic indexical (talker-specific) content. Fifteen normal-hearing...

Objectives: Adults with hearing loss (HL) demonstrate greater benefits of adding visual cues to auditory (i.e., “visual enhancement” [VE]) during recognition speech presented in a combined audiovisual (AV) fashion when compared normal-hearing peers. For patients moderate-to-profound sensorineural HL who receive cochlear implants (CIs), it is unclear whether the restoration audibility results decrease VE provided by AV recognition. Moreover, increased experience before CI beneficial or...

Hypothesis: This study tested the hypotheses that 1) experienced adult cochlear implants (CI) users demonstrate poorer reading efficiency relative to normal-hearing controls, 2) reflects basic, underlying neurocognitive skills, and 3) relates speech recognition outcomes in CI users. Background: Weak phonological processing skills have been associated with poor postlingually deaf Phonological can be captured nonauditory measures of efficiency, which may wide use patients hearing loss....

Abstract Objective Evaluate listening effort (LE) in unilateral, bilateral, and bimodal cochlear implant (CI) users. Establish an easy‐to‐implement task of LE that could be useful for clinical decision making. Study Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Tertiary neurotology center. Methods The Sentence Final Word Identification Recall Task, established measure LE, was modified to include challenging conditions (multitalker babble, gender, emotional variation; test), addition single‐talker...

In discriminating speakers' voices, normal-hearing individuals effectively use two vocal characteristics, pitch (related to fundamental frequency, F0) and vocal-tract length (VTL, related speaker size). Typical cochlear-implant users show poor perception of these cues. However, in implant with low-frequency residual acoustic hearing, this bimodal electro-acoustic stimulation may provide additional voice-related cues, such as low-numbered harmonics formants, which could improve F0/VTL...