Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has become an important geodetic tool for measuring deformation of Earth's surface due to various geophysical phenomena, including slip on earthquake faults, subsurface migration magma, slow‐moving landslides, movement shallow crustal fluids (e.g., water and oil), glacier flow. Airborne spaceborne (SAR) instruments transmit microwaves toward detect the returning reflected waves. The phase returned wave depends distance between satellite...

Abstract The subduction zone in northern Chile is a well‐identified seismic gap that last ruptured 1877. On 1 April 2014, this region was struck by large earthquake following two week long series of foreshocks. This study combines wide range observations, including geodetic, tsunami, and data, to produce reliable kinematic slip model the M w =8.1 main shock static =7.7 aftershock. We use novel Bayesian modeling approach accounts for uncertainty Green's functions, both dynamic, while avoiding...

Abstract To better understand the influence of stress changes over floating ice shelves on grounded streams, we develop a Bayesian method for inferring time‐dependent 3‐D surface velocity fields from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical remote sensing data. Our specific goal is to observe ocean tide‐induced variability in vertical shelf position horizontal stream flow. Thus, consider special case where observed displacement at given location can be defined by secular vector, family...

Abstract Constellations of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellites with short repeat time acquisitions allow exploration active faults behavior unprecedented temporal resolution. Along the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) in Turkey, an 80 km long section has been creeping at least since 1944, M w 7.3 earthquake near Ismetpasa, a current Interferometric (InSAR)‐derived average creep rate 8 ± 3 mm/yr (i.e., third NAF long‐term slip rate). We use dense set SAR images acquired by COSMO‐SkyMed...

Abstract Floating ice shelves that fringe the coast of Antarctica resist flow grounded into ocean. One key factors governing amount resistance an shelf provides is rigidity (related to viscosity) constitutes it. Ice highly heterogeneous and must be calibrated from spatially continuous surface observations assimilated ice-flow model. Realistic uncertainties in values are needed quantify sheet sea-level forecasts. Here, we present a physics-informed machine learning framework for inferring...

Brief Report| March 25, 2014 The 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan Earthquake: Seismic Potential of an Accretionary Wedge R. Jolivet; Jolivet aSeismological Laboratory, Department Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute Technology, 1200 E Blvd, Pasadena, 91125 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Z. Duputel; Duputel *Now at Institut de Physique du Globe Strasbourg, UdS EOST/CNRS UMR 7516, France. B. Riel; Riel M. Simons; Simons L. Rivera; Rivera cInstitut France...

Abstract We investigate complex surface deformation within the Los Angeles and Santa Ana Coastal Basins due to groundwater withdrawal subsequent aquifer compaction/expansion. analyze an 18 year interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) time series of 881 interferograms in conjunction with global positioning system (GPS) data basins. The large set required development a distributed analysis framework able automatically decompose both InSAR GPS into short‐term long‐term signals. find...

Lying below Vatnajökull ice cap in Iceland, Bárðarbunga stratovolcano began experiencing wholesale caldera collapse 2014 August 16, one of the largest such events recorded modern instrumental era. Simultaneous with this is initiation a plate boundary rifting episode north caldera. Observations using international constellation radar satellites indicate rapid 50 cm d−1 subsidence glacier surface overlying collapsing and metre-scale crustal deformation active rift zone. Anomalous earthquakes...

Several current and expected future SAR satellites missions (e.g., TanDEM-X (TDX)/PAZ, COSMO-SkyMed (CSK), Sentinel-1A/B) are designed as constellations of sensors. Relative to single satellite systems, such can provide greater spatial coverage temporal sampling, thereby enabling better control on interferometric decorrelation lower latency data access. These improvements lead more effective near real-time disaster monitoring, assessment response, a ability constrain dynamically changing...

Abstract. The recent influx of remote sensing data provides new opportunities for quantifying spatiotemporal variations in glacier surface velocity and elevation fields. Here, we introduce a flexible time series reconstruction decomposition technique forming continuous, time-dependent fields from discontinuous partitioning these into short- long-term variations. consists sparsity-regularized least-squares regression modeling as linear combination generic basis functions multiple temporal...

A deep-learning model infers large-scale dynamics of Antarctic ice shelves

Seamounts provide a unique record of volcanic processes in the oceans. In Pacific Ocean, where seamounts are especially abundant, understanding their age and spatial distributions offers valuable insights into tectonic history, melt-extraction processes, crustal provenance. However, detailed constraints on seamount formation history remain limited by sparse data age-dependent preservation, as older progressively lost to subduction.To address these challenges, we develop data-driven approach...

Understanding the elastic behavior of oceanic lithosphere is crucial for interpreting plate dynamics and rheology. While various methods exist to estimate lithosphere's ability deform under load, factors controlling this deformation across different tectonic settings remain poorly quantified.We present a three-stage analysis systematically evaluate controls on lithospheric flexure Western Pacific. First, we calculate suite metrics that characterize properties using gravity bathymetry data....

Abstract We present a new method for automatically detecting transient deformation signals from geodetic time series. cast the detection problem as least squares procedure where design matrix corresponds to highly overcomplete, nonorthogonal dictionary of displacement functions in that resemble various timescales. The addition sparsity‐inducing regularization term cost function limits total number elements needed reconstruct signal. Sparsity‐inducing enhances interpretability resultant...

The InSAR Scientific Computing Environment (ISCE) was first developed under the NASA Advanced Information Systems Technology as a flexible, extensible object-oriented framework for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) processing. ISCE uses Python 3 at workflow level, controlling modules of compiled code functional processing, and managing inputs, outputs, other flow control services. currently released version, called 2.1, is distributed to research community through Western...

Radiometric correction of radar images is essential to produce accurate estimates biophysical parameters related forest structure and biomass. We present a new algorithm correct radiometry for 1) terrain topography 2) variations canopy reflectivity with viewing tree-terrain geometry. This applicable spanning wide range incidence angles over significant can also take into account aircraft attitude, antenna steering angle, target The approach includes elements both homomorphic heteromorphic...

Abstract Reliable projections of sea‐level rise depend on accurate representations how fast‐flowing glaciers slip along their beds. The mechanics are often parameterized as a constitutive relation (or “sliding law”) whose proper form remains uncertain. Here, we present novel deep learning‐based framework for learning the time evolution drag at glacier beds from time‐dependent ice velocity and elevation observations. We use feedforward neural network, informed by governing equations flow, to...

Abstract The Greenland Ice Sheet discharges ice to the ocean through hundreds of outlet glaciers. Recent acceleration glaciers has been linked both oceanic and atmospheric drivers. Here, we leverage temporally dense observations, regional climate model output, newly developed time series analysis tools assess most important forcings causing flow variability at one largest glaciers, Helheim Glacier, from 2009 2017. We find that speed correlates strongly with catchment-integrated runoff...

The speed-up of glaciers following ice shelf collapse can accelerate mass loss dramatically. Investigating the deformation landfast sea enables studying its resistive (buttressing) stresses and mechanisms driving collapse. Here, we apply offset tracking to Sentinel-1 A/B synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data obtain a 2014-2022 time-series horizontal velocity strain rate fields filling embayment formerly covered by Larsen B Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula until 2002. disintegrated in 2022, find...

Abstract The speed‐up of glaciers following ice shelf collapse can accelerate mass loss dramatically. Investigating the deformation landfast sea enables studying its resistive (buttressing) stresses and mechanisms driving collapse. Here, we apply offset tracking to Sentinel‐1A/B synthetic aperture radar data obtain a 2014–2022 time‐series horizontal velocity strain rate fields filling embayment formerly covered by Larsen B Ice Shelf, Antarctic Peninsula until 2002. disintegrated in 2022,...

We present a method for inferring time-dependent three-component surface deformation fields given set of geodetic images displacements collected from multiple viewing geometries. Displacements are parameterized in time with dictionary displacement functions. The algorithm extends an earlier single-component (i.e., single line sight) framework time-series analysis to three spatial dimensions using combinations multitemporal, multigeometry interferometic synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) and/or...

The random volume over ground (RVoG) model has been widely applied to estimate forest tree height from polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (PolInSAR) data for the past two decades. Successful application of RVoG requires certain assumptions be valid imaged and acquisition scenarios in order avoid large errors estimates. Quantification uncertainties RVoG-estimated heights have typically limited comparison against external validation data, such as lidar or field...