This study investigated the impact of prior knowledge, writing task, and hypertext format on university students' comprehension multisource hypertext. Fifty-two students categorized as having high or low knowledge studied consisting seven component texts topic social influence. Some were given a summary task; others asked to write arguments regarding topic. Also, some experienced organized by topic, them introduced source (i.e., author date). Dependent measures included reading time scores...

Previous research has suggested that children do not rely on prosody to infer a speaker's emotional state because of biases toward lexical content or situational context. We hypothesized there are actually no such and young simply have trouble in using prosody. Sixty from 5 13 years age had judge the happy sad speaker then verbally explain their judgment. Lexical context were devoid valence. Results showed alone did enable emotions at 5, was still fully mastered 13. Instead, they relied...

Studies of the impact face masks on emotional facial expression recognition are sparse in children. Moreover, to our knowledge no study has so far considered mask color (in adults and children), even though this esthetic property is thought have an information processing. In order explore these issues, present looked at whether first- fifth-graders young were influenced by absence or presence (and color: pink, green, red, black, white) a when asked judge expressions fear, anger, sadness,...

This study was aimed at determining the role of prosody and situational context in children's understanding expressive utterances. Which one these 2 cues will help children grasp speaker's intention? Do exhibit a "contextual bias" whereby they ignore prosody, such as "lexical found other studies (M. Friend & J. Bryant, 2000)?In first experiment, group 5- to 9-year-old adults performed computerized judgment task. They had determine intention on basis an utterance produced with particular...

There is a growing body of literature to show that color can convey information, owing its emotionally meaningful associations. Most research so far has focused on negative hue–meaning associations (e.g., red) with the exception positive aspects associated green. We therefore set out investigate two colors (i.e., green and pink), using an emotional facial expression recognition task in which provided contextual information for face processing. In experiments, pink backgrounds enhanced happy...

Le gisement de Beattie est situe dans la ceinture roches vertes l'Abitibi, a proximite faille Porcupine-Destor, et associe une syenite porphyrique. Les corps mineralises ont ressource totale inferee 2,77Moz contenu 56,2Mt minerai 1,53g/t d'or. Dans le Beattie, deux styles mineralisation sont presents, controle lithologique structural. La limitee exclusivement alteree en carbonates fer. Cette represente du basse teneur mais fort tonnage, lequel l'or porte par pyrite arsenifere l'arsenopyrite....

Abstract Many researchers in medical and life sciences commonly use the PubMed online search engine ( http://www.pubmed.gov ) to access MEDLINE bibliographic database. The researchers' strategies were investigated as a function of their knowledge content area. Sixteen science with no experience neuroscience 16 matched professional performed five tasks about topics. Objective measures concomitant verbal protocols used assess behavior performance. Whatever PubMed, neuroscientists could find...

In recent years, researchers have become interested in the way that affective quality of contextual information transfers to a perceived target. We therefore examined effect red (vs. green, mixed red/green, and achromatic) background - known be valenced on processing stimuli play key role human interactions, namely facial expressions. also whether valenced-color can modulated by gender, which is valenced. Female male adult participants performed categorization task expressions emotion faces...

ABSTRACT When people engage in joint activities together, they use dialogue, and more specifically project markers such as yeah , okay or uh-huh to coordinate entrances exits of projects subprojects. The purpose the current study was examine how two features dialogue situation, namely, mental load face visibility, affect marker production. Pairs participants performed a collaborative puzzle game together. Mental manipulated through time pressure; visibility by allowing see each other’s...

The visual interfaces of virtual environments such as video games often show scenes where objects are superimposed on a moving background. Three experiments were designed to better understand the impact complexity and/or overall motion two types backgrounds used in detection and use superimposed, stationary items. background was assessed during typical game tasks: relatively complex search task classic, less demanding shooting task. Background impaired participants' performance only when...

The ability to infer the emotional states of others is central our everyday interactions. These inferences can be drawn from several different sources information occurring simultaneously in communication situation. Based on previous studies revealing that children pay more heed situational context than prosody when inferring others, we decided focus this issue, broadening investigation find out whether natural combination and faces (that is, paralinguistic cues) overcome dominance...

Abstract The association of colour with emotion constitutes a growing field research, as it can affect how humans process their environment. Although there has been increasing interest in the red negative valence adults, little is known about develops. We therefore tested red–negative children for first time. Children aged 5–10 years performed face categorization task form card‐sorting task. They had to judge whether ambiguous faces shown against three different backgrounds (red, grey,...

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to investigate elements of the spatial design video game interfaces. Background: In most games, both objects and background scene are moving. Players must pay attention what appears in anticipate events while looking at head-up displays. According proximity-compatibility principle, game-related information should be placed as close possible anticipation zone. Method: Participants played a where they had upward movement obstacles. The score location...

Not all pieces of information mentioned during an interaction are equally accessible in speakers' conversational memory. The current study sought to test whether 2 basic features dialogue management (reference acceptance and reuse) affect reference recognition. Dyads speakers were asked discuss a route for imaginary person, thus referring the landmarks be encountered. results revealed that participants' memory references produced depended on these had been reused by whom, along with landmark...

Objective: This study examined the effects of user production (speaking and typing) reception (listening reading) modes on natural language human-computer dialogue. Background: Text-based dialogue is often more efficient than speech-based dialogue, but latter dynamic suitable for mobile environments hands-busy situations. The respective contributions have not previously been assessed. Method: Eighteen participants performed several information search tasks using a system in four experimental...

Abstract This study examined the effects of number options in a message and different endings on memorisation multiple-option messages. Twenty-seven participants were told to pay attention quality interactions between users an interactive voice response system asked recall The messages contained three, five or seven ended either pseudoword suffix, natural-language prompt beep. Results showed that option was impaired when longer suffix. interaction presence suffix not significant. also that,...