A5091068752- Inorganic Chemistry and Materials
- Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
- Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques
- Magnetism in coordination complexes
- Metallurgy and Material Science
- Material Properties and Applications
- Magnetic properties of thin films
- Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Studies
- Optical Coatings and Gratings
- Crystal Structures and Properties
- Liquid Crystal Research Advancements
- Phase-change materials and chalcogenides
- Metallurgical and Alloy Processes
- Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Metals and Alloys
- Lanthanide and Transition Metal Complexes
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
- Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films
- Polyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications
- Rare-earth and actinide compounds
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
2021-2025
Columbia University
2014-2025
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2015-2025
UMass Memorial Medical Center
2024-2025
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2019
Columbia University Irving Medical Center
2015
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
2012-2014
Medical Research Council
2012-2013
While isolated motor actions can be correlated with activities of neuronal networks, an unresolved problem is how the brain assembles these into organized behaviors like action sequences. Using brain-wide calcium imaging in Caenorhabditis elegans, we show that a large proportion neurons across share information by engaging coordinated, dynamical network activity. This state evolves on cycle, each segment which recruits different sub-populations and explicitly mapped, single trial basis, to...
Connectomics has focused primarily on the mapping of synaptic links in brain; yet it is well established that extrasynaptic volume transmission, especially via monoamines and neuropeptides, also critical to brain function. Here we present a draft monoamine connectome, along with partial neuropeptide for nematode C. elegans, based new published expression data biosynthetic genes receptors. Thus, neuronal connectome can be represented as multiplex network, synaptic, gap junction,...
Visible phenotypes based on locomotion and posture have played a critical role in understanding the molecular basis of behavior development Caenorhabditis elegans other model organisms. However, it is not known whether these human-defined features capture most important aspects for phenotypic comparison or they are sufficient to discover new behaviors. Here we show that four basic shapes, eigenworms, previously described wild-type worms, also mutant this representation can be used build...
Although undulatory swimming is observed in many organisms, the neuromuscular basis for movement patterns not well understood. To better understand generation of these patterns, we studied muscle activity nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. elegans exhibits a range locomotion patterns: low viscosity fluids undulation has wavelength longer than body and propagates rapidly, while high or on agar media waves are shorter slower. Theoretical treatment behaviour suggested large change force-posture...
Detailed anatomical maps of individual organs and entire animals have served as invaluable entry points for ensuing dissection their evolution, development, function. The pharynx the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple neuromuscular organ with self-contained, autonomously acting nervous system, composed 20 neurons that fall into 14 anatomically distinct types. Using serial electron micrograph (EM) reconstruction, we re-evaluate here connectome pharyngeal providing novel more detailed...
ABSTRACT Comprehensively resolving single neurons and their cellular identities from whole-brain fluorescent images is a major challenge. We achieve this in C. elegans through the engineering use of multicolor transgene called NeuroPAL (a Neuro nal P olychromatic A tlas L andmarks). worms share stereotypical fluorescence map for entire hermaphrodite nervous system that allows comprehensive determination neuronal identities. Neurons labeled with do not exhibit green, cyan, or yellow emission...
The generation of the enormous diversity neuronal cell types in a differentiating nervous system entails activation neuron type-specific gene batteries. To examine regulatory logic that controls expression batteries, we interrogate single profiles all 118 classes Caenorhabditis elegans for presence DNA binding motifs 136 neuronally expressed C. transcription factors. Using phylogenetic footprinting pipeline, identify cis-regulatory motif enrichments among class-specific batteries and cognate...
The nematode C. elegans is a well-studied model organism for characterizing the structure, connectivity, and function of complete nervous system. Recent technical breakthroughs in 3D light microscopy fluorescent protein tagging individual neurons have brought us closer to capturing neural dynamics worm at whole-brain resolution. Nevertheless, map using these high-resolution recordings requires solving three specific challenges: i) detection fluorescence videos, ii) identification according...
Neuron-specific morphology and function are fundamentally tied to differences in gene expression across the nervous system. We previously generated a single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-Seq) dataset for every anatomical neuron class C. elegans hermaphrodite. Here we present complementary set of bulk samples 52 118 canonical classes . show that captures both lowly expressed noncoding RNAs not detected scRNA-Seq profile, but also includes false positives due contamination by other types. an analytical...
Neuron-specific morphology and function are fundamentally tied to differences in gene expression across the nervous system. We previously generated a single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-Seq) dataset for every anatomical neuron class C. elegans hermaphrodite. Here we present complementary set of bulk samples 52 118 canonical classes . show that captures both lowly expressed noncoding RNAs not detected scRNA-Seq profile, but also includes false positives due contamination by other types. an analytical...
Neuron-specific morphology and function are fundamentally tied to differences in gene expression across the nervous system. We previously generated a single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-Seq) dataset for every anatomical neuron class C. elegans hermaphrodite. Here we present complementary set of bulk samples 52 118 canonical classes . show that captures both lowly expressed noncoding RNAs not detected scRNA-Seq profile, but also includes false positives due contamination by other types. an analytical...
Summary Nervous systems are constructed from a deep repertoire of neuron types but the underlying gene expression programs that specify individual identities poorly understood. To address this deficit, we have produced an profile all 302 neurons C. elegans nervous system matches single cell resolution its anatomy and wiring diagram. Our results suggest classes can be solely identified by combinatorial specific families. For example, each class expresses unique codes ∼23 neuropeptide-encoding...
Summary The simple and well-characterized nervous system of C. elegans facilitates analysis mechanisms controlling behavior. Locomotion is a major behavioral output governed by multiple external internal signals. Here we examine the roles low- high-threshold mechanosensors in locomotion, using high-resolution detailed locomotion its dynamics. This reveals new role for touch receptor neurons suppressing an intrinsic direction bias locomotion. We also response to noxious mechanical stimuli,...
Sex differences in the brain are prevalent throughout animal kingdom and particularly well appreciated nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, where male animals contain a little-studied set of 93 male-specific neurons. To make these neurons amenable for future study, we describe here how multicolor reporter transgene, NeuroPAL, is capable visualizing distinct identities all We used NeuroPAL to visualize characterize number features nervous system. provide several proofs concept using identify...
Abstract Neuron-specific morphology and function are fundamentally tied to differences in gene expression across the nervous system. We previously generated a single cell RNA-seq dataset for every anatomical neuron class C. elegans hermaphrodite. Here we present complementary set of bulk samples 41 118 classes . show that captures both lowly expressed noncoding RNAs missed dataset, but also includes false positives due contamination by other types. an integrated analytical strategy...
Abstract Background Determining cell identity in volumetric images of tagged neuronal nuclei is an ongoing challenge contemporary neuroscience. Frequently, determined by aligning and matching tags to “atlas” labeled positions other identifying characteristics. Previous analyses such C. elegans datasets have been hampered the limited accuracy atlases, especially for neurons present ventral nerve cord, also time-consuming manual elements alignment process. Results We a novel automated method...
The model research animal Caenorhabditis elegans has unique properties making it particularly advantageous for studies of the nervous system. system is composed a stereotyped complement neurons connected in consistent manner. Here, we describe methods studying structure and function. transparency makes possible to visualize identify living animals with fluorescent probes. These have been recently enhanced efficient use neuron-specific reporter genes. Because its simple structure, number...