Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the epithelial thickness in cornea and limbus limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Methods: This was a cross-sectional, comparative study. OCT images 30 eyes 19 patients with LSCD collected by AS-OCT were scanned. Corneal recorded at central superior, nasal, inferior, temporal limbus. Measurment same region normal served as control. Epithelial all locations measured 2 independent...

Orbital lymphomas are primarily non-Hodgkin type and can originate from the eyelids, extraocular muscles, soft tissue orbital adnexa, conjunctiva, or lacrimal glands. malignancies often represent a diagnostic dilemma for clinicians given their varying atypical presentations.To report case of lymphoma mimicking cellulitis.A 66-year-old male patient presented with sudden onset painful proptosis visual impairment in left eye 15 days. On ocular examination, best-corrected acuity was 6/12 right...

The World Health Organization’s (WHO) global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness by year 2020 (Thylefors et al., 1995) has prioritized control childhood blindness. Currently cataract remains one most important causes treatable in children (Giles 2016).In Nepal, as other developing countries, is believed to be a leading cause children. According Nepal Blindness Survey from 1978 1980, congenital accounted 16.3% detected under age 15 years (Brilliant 1985). Epidemiology 2012...

Background: India, the most populous country in 2023, reduced its fertility rate to 2.0 through sustained family planning efforts. Despite this, unmet contraceptive needs among young couples remain high. The present study assessed a campaign's impact on enhancing knowledge and self-efficacy Uttar Pradesh's Banda Kaushambi districts. Methods: A quasi-experimental, non-randomized, controlled was conducted with pre-and post-test assessments districts, covering low-parity couples. Sampling...

Abstract. Nepal annually invests millions of dollars in hydropower development, with a substantial portion these funds allocated to civil infrastructure. Climate change, which impacts geological and hydrological conditions, poses threat components throughout project construction operation. This causes budget overruns, delays, adverse consequences for society the environment, ultimately resulting multimillion-dollar losses. The identification risk factors their underlying causes, stemming...

Abstract. The backwater effect can be caused by a number of factors, including the bridge's pier width and deck level. In lowland regions, particularly problematic, as it lead to flooding inundation farmlands houses. This study examines impact bridge structure on in region Shreekhandapur, Kavre, Nepal. area is characterized hill slope inner river valley, with gentle profile that results low flow velocity increased deposition. compares an old demolished four piers 1.2 m abutments both sides...

Context: Dry eyes has been associated with inflammation and apoptosis of the ocular surface which is responsible for conjunctival goblet cell loss in long term. Aim: To study efficacy carboxymethylcellulose topical cyclosporine A 0.05% treatment dry their effect on density cells (GCD). Settings design: Hospital based, Randomized clinical trial. Methods material: total 90 patients were enrolled randomly divided into two groups 45 each. Group was treated twice daily group B preservative free...

Ocular involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be due to direct viral invasion or indirectly an immunosuppressed state. Prolonged hospitalization also makes them susceptible various secondary infections. The purpose of this case report is two rare cases endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) COVID-19 recovered patients.

Medulloepithelioma is a rare childhood embryonal tumor arising from the non-pigmented ciliary epithelium of pars plicata. We report case an 11-year-old male who presented with painless loss vision right eye for last three years and progressively increasing mass on superior aspect globe months. On ocular examination, firm, non-tender 4cm x 3cm was noted in globe. CT-Scan orbit suggestive foreign body haemorrhage or infection. The patient underwent enucleation minimal manipulation....

Background: Ocular injury is one of the most common causes visual blindness worldwide. It also an important cause emergency hospital visits. We aimed to study clinical profile ocular trauma during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Methods: This cross-sectional reviewed all patients who presented with at B. P. Koirala Institute Health Sciences between 1 April 30 June 2020. Patient demographics, presenting complaint, duration presentation, agents, place, settings, pattern, and management were...

Introduction: Nanophthalmos characterized by short axial length, high lens-to-eye ratio and thick sclera, is more prone to develop uveal effusion syndrome (UES). This rare entity can result in idiopathic exudative detachment of the choroid, ciliary body retina. Abnormality scleral thickness with resultant obstruction vortex veins reduced trans-scleral drainage fluid responsible for retinal (ERD).
 Methods: A retrospective study UES nanophthalmic patients treated partial sclerectomy...

Introduction: Management of orbital lymphangioma is challenging. Complete surgical excision often impossible due to its infiltrative nature. Sclerosing agents have been used in management with variable outcomes. We report a case recurrent managed intralesional bleomycin. 
 Case: A 14-year-old female presented proptosis the right eye for two weeks. She had similar history at five years age which she underwent excision. performed negative pressure aspiration using 20-gauge angiocatheter,...

Background & Objectives: Capsulotomy is one of the important step in cataract surgery which can affect surgical outcomes. The aim study was to compare outcomes envelope and continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis technique manual small incision (MSICS). Materials Methods: A total 72 eyes patients undergoing MSICS were studied. equally divided into two groups i.e. 36 each capsulotomy (Group A) (CCC) group B).Results: Mean time (±SD) Group 355.83 sec ±37.79 B 375 ±31.214 (p=0.02). Uncorrected...

Introduction: Diabetes leads to an alteration in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and macular which can easily be detected with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Objectives: This study was done compare the RNFL between diabetic patients without retinopathy non-diabetic so that it would useful early detection of changes if present. The correlation metabolic blood parameters subjects also studied. Materials methods: is observational, cross-sectional, hospital-based including 120...

A congenital cystic eyeball is an extremely rare condition, with only 52 cases reported in the literature to date. An orbital cyst replaces which occurs due complete or partial failure invagination of primary optic vesicle during fourth week gestation. We discuss a case 14-year-old female who presented us for cosmetic blemish large swelling right eyelid absence since birth. She underwent removal followed by implant and later prosthesis. Diagnosis was made based on clinical ultrasound B-scan...

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) is an inflammatory condition leading to ocular morbidity. It can be associated with underlying autoimmune diseases which often goes undetected if the manifestation precedes systemic manifestation. The objective of this case report highlight that, management such entity challenging. We present a 36-year- old female diminution vision, PUK necrotizing scleritis in both eyes for she was on regular treatment. Along medications, underwent multilayered amniotic...

Introduction: The standard treatment protocol of orbital cellulitis includes the use broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. This study was done to evaluate role oral corticosteroids in order address inflammatory component. Methods: A prospective comparative interventional carried out on 17 cases over 16 months. All patients were treated with antibiotics and allotted Group or B. former consisted eight (intravenous antibiotics) while group B nine corticosteroids). started after 24 48 hours...