A5036290989- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Sensory Analysis and Statistical Methods
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Marine animal studies overview
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Dye analysis and toxicity
- Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
2013-2025
Austrian Academy of Sciences
2015-2025
University of Southern California
2001-2012
Southern California University for Professional Studies
2003-2011
University of Chicago
2005
Yale University
2005
Northwestern University
1998
Johns Hopkins University
1998
Chinese University of Hong Kong
1998
University of Hong Kong
1998
Leaf mechanical properties strongly influence leaf lifespan, plant-herbivore interactions, litter decomposition and nutrient cycling, but global patterns in their interspecific variation underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.We synthesize data across the three major measurement methods, permitting first analyses of mechanics associated traits, for 2819 species from 90 sites worldwide.Key measures resistance varied c. 500-800-fold among species.Contrary to a long-standing hypothesis,...
It is firmly believed that ancestral primates were nocturnal, with nocturnality having been maintained in most prosimian lineages. Under this traditional view, the opsin genes all nocturnal prosimians should have undergone similar degrees of functional relaxation and accumulated extents deleterious mutations. This expectation rejected by short-wavelength (S) gene sequences from 14 representative prosimians. We found severe defects S only lorisiforms, but no defect five two diurnal lemur...
An outline is given for a field kit aiming to substantially increase the in situ knowledge gleaned from feeding studies of primates. Measurements are made colouration (spectrum non-specular reflection) and many mechanical, chemical spatial properties primate foods.
Abstract Evolution of the red-green visual subsystem in trichromatic primates has been linked to foraging advantages, namely detection either ripe fruits or young leaves amid mature foliage. We tested competing hypotheses globally for eight primate taxa: five with routine vision, three without. Routinely species ingested that were "red shifted—compared background foliage more frequently than lacking this trait. Observed choices not reddest possible, suggesting a preference optimal nutritive...
Biomechanical explanations are fundamental to studies of functional dental morphology. Until recently foods were not classified in mechanical categories amenable a rigorous examination the physical relationship between teeth and foods. Fruit, insect leaf categories, although descriptive, mechanically heterogeneous. The diets five Malagasy lemur taxa described terms two properties, hardness shear strength, an earlier study (Yamashita, 1996b). In present study, correlations these food...
Abstract We investigated mechanical dietary properties of sympatric bamboo lemurs, Hapalemur g. griseus, H. aureus , and (Prolemur) simus in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. Each lemur species relies on bamboo, though previous behavioral observations found that they specialize different parts a common resource (Tan: Int J Primatol 20 1999 547–566; Tan: PhD dissertation 2000 State University New York, Stony Brook). On the basis these earlier ecology studies, we hypothesized...
Abstract This study of two lemur species ( Lemur catta and Propithecus v. verreauxi ) in Madagascar combines observations food procurement initial placement the mouth with comparisons to toughness external properties. Food was hypothesized play a decisive role determining during ingestion. It found that tougher foods are generally ingested on postcanines for all eaten. However, when leaves fruits analyzed separately, size shape, represented here by mass type, more reliable predictors...
Abstract Habitat degradation is a threat to primate species worldwide with agricultural practices chief among these. Livestock play prominent historical, economic, cultural and social roles in Madagascar, biodiversity hotspot where one-fifth of the world’s primates are endemic. In arid regions livestock lemurs occupy same forest habitats understanding their co-existence conservation priority; however, lack knowledge spatial temporal movements shared limits our ability manage impacts. This...
Abstract Knowledge of dietary mechanical properties can be informative about physical consequences to consumers during ingestion and mastication. In this article, we examine how Tamarindus indica fruits affect dental morphology in a population ring‐tailed lemurs ( Lemur catta ) at Beza Mahafaly special reserve southwestern Madagascar. Ring‐tailed tamarind dominated gallery forests exhibit extreme wear tooth loss on their postcanine dentition that has been related processing T. fruits. We...
Abstract Chemical deterioration of teeth is common among modern humans, and has been suggested for some extinct primates. Dental erosion caused by acidic foods may also obscure microwear signals mechanical food properties. Ring‐tailed lemurs at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve (BMSR), Madagascar, display frequent severe tooth wear subsequent loss. In contrast, sympatric Verreaux's sifaka far less infrequent loss, despite both species regularly consuming tamarind fruit. We investigated...
Abstract Three sympatric Hapalemur species ( H. g. griseus , aureus and Prolemur ) simus in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar are known to eat bamboo food parts that contain cyanide. How these lemurs avoid cyanide poisoning remains unknown. In this study, we tested for the presence/absence of lemur foods excreta (1) document patterns consumption among with respect diet, (2) identify routes elimination from gastrointestinal tract, (3) determine whether is absorbed diet. We 102 food, urine,...